scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Endoparasite Infection on Red Foot (Chelonoidis carbonaria) in Surabaya City Based on Fecal Examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Nurin Ardhiani ◽  
Endang Suprihati ◽  
Aditya Yudhana ◽  
Faisal Fikri
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fecal Examination ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
Chi Square Test

Infectious disease which caused by parasite is the most serious problem in tortoise breeding. This study identifies gastrointestinal endoparasites infection on Red Foot (Chelonoidis carbonaria) during November 2020 to February 2021 in Surabaya City. Fecal samples from a tortoise, a total of 14 tortoises were collected and examined by native, sedimentation and floatation methods for parasitic eggs and oocyst. Fecal samples for this research were collected from breeding farm in Surabaya City. Data obtained from this study were presented descriptively and analyzed by Chi-Square test. Based on examination results, the occurrence of gastrointestinal endoparasite infection on Red foot was recorded at 100% from the total samples. The gastrointestinal parasites were identified as helminths and protozoa namely which is dominately by Tachygonetria spp. (14%), Angusticaecum spp. (3%), and Balantidium coli (2%) respectively. The provision of deworming medication as a curative measure by the owner is carried out regularly and continuously on tortoises that are positively infected with gastrointestinal endoparasites and prevention can be done by paying attention to the management and cleanliness of the cage to prevent potential transmission of endoparasites from the environment to the tortoise.

scholarly journals Comparative cross-sectional survey on gastrointestinal parasites of captive, semi-captive, and wild Elephants of Sri Lanka

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 11583
Author(s):  
Nirupama Abeysekara ◽  
R.P.V. Jayanthe Rajapakse ◽  
R. S. Rajakaruna
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Chi Square Test

Parasites can influence the fitness of individuals particularly of small populations of endangered species.  An island-wide, cross sectional, coprological survey was carried out from 03 January to 30 October 2015, to determine the gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of the Sri Lankan Elephant Elephas maximus maximus.  Fresh fecal samples from wild, captive and semi-captive elephants were collected and analyzed using a modified salt floatation, Sheather’s sucrose floatation, direct iodine smears, and sedimentation methods. Species identification was done morphologically. Intensity of parasite infections was determined using McMaster technique.  A total of 85 fecal samples (wild = 45, semi-captive = 20, captive = 20) were analysed; 58 (68.2%) samples were positive for GI parasites.  Overall, helminth infections (60.0%) were more common than protozoan (37.6%) infections (Chi square test, χ2 = 8.499; p < 0.001). In the captive elephants, however, more protozoan infections were observed than helminthes, which could be due to anthelminthic treatment.  A significantly higher prevalence of infection was observed in the wild elephants (93.3%) compared to semi-captive elephants (55.0%; χ2 = 13.516; p < 0.001) and captive elephants (25.0%; χ2 =32.289; p < 0.001) but there was no significant difference in the prevalence between captive and semi-captive elephants (χ2 =3.750; p = 0.053).  Ten types of GI parasites were observed, nine of which were recorded in wild elephants.  Among them the most common infection was strongyles (34.1%) with high intensity (440.1±295.2 EPG).  Semi-captive elephants harbored five types of GI parasites, while captive elephants had only three types.  One captive elephant at the Temple of the Tooth was infected with the tapeworm Anoplocephala sp. at low intensity of 50 EPG.  Some of the GI parasites recorded are highly pathogenic while others are incidental. 

scholarly journals Are countries’ self-reported assessments of their capacity for infectious disease control reliable? Associations among countries’ self-reported International Health Regulation 2005 capacity assessments and infectious disease control outcomes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Jen Tsai ◽  
Mathuros Tipayamongkholgul
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
International Health ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Average Score ◽  
International Health Regulation ◽  
Infectious Disease Control ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate associations among countries’ self-reported International Health Regulation 2005 (IHR 2005) capacity assessments and infectious disease control outcomes. Methods Countries’ self-reported assessments implemented by percentages as IHR Monitoring Tools (IHRMT) in 2016 and 2017 were used to represent national capacity regarding infectious disease control. WHO Disease Outbreak News and matched diseases reports on ProMED-mail were collected in 2016 to represent disease control outcomes of countries. Disease control outcomes were divided in good, normal and bad groups based on the development of outbreaks listed in the reports. The Human Development Index (HDI), density of physicians and nurses, health expenditure, number of arrivals of international tourists were also collected for control. Chi-square test and logistic regression were applied for analysis. Results A total of 907 cases occurred in 92 countries. For all diseases, cases occurring in high international travel volume countries presented twice the risk of having a bad disease control outcomes than cases occurring in low international travel volume countries (OR = 2.19 for IHR 2016, OR =2.97 for IHR 2017). Cases occurring in low IHR average score countries had significant higher risk (OR = 7.83 for IHR 2016 and OR = 2.23 for IHR 2017) of having a bad disease control outcomes than countries with high IHR average scores. For only human diseases, cases occurring in high international travel volume countries presented twice the risk of having a bad disease control outcomes than cases occurring in low international travel volume countries for IHR 2017 (OR =2.79). Cases occurring in low IHR average score countries had significant higher risk (OR = 11.16 for IHR 2016 and OR = 3.45 for IHR 2017) of having a bad disease control outcomes than countries with high IHR average scores. The HDI, health workforce density and total health expenditure were all positively associated with disease control outcomes. Conclusions Countries’ self-reported infectious disease control capacities positively correlated with their disease control outcomes. While the self-reported IHR scores were accountable to some degree, this approach was useful for understanding global capacity in infectious disease control and in allocating resources for future preparedness.

scholarly journals Anti-ceramide antibodies in leprosy: marker for nerve damage?

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Bhawna Singh ◽  
Prakash Ray
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Nerve Damage ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease primarily affecting the peripheral nervous system and skin. Multibacillary leprosy is associated with nerve damage which could contribute to myelin alteration. As ceramide is a constituent of myelin sheath, the present study aimed to compare anti-ceramide antibody titre in paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy patients with controls. Methodology: Serum levels of anti-ceramide antibody were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 50 leprosy patients (25 paucibacillary and 25 multibacillary) and 25 healthy controls. Results were reported in OD units as mean ± SD and analyzed by Chi square test (significance at p < 0.05). Results: Patients suffering from multibacillary leprosy had significantly higher anti-ceramide antibody serum levels compared to paucibacillary leprosy patients and healthy controls (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Since nerve damage is the most debilitating effect of leprosy, the search for a serum marker for assessing nerve damage is required in countries where leprosy is still widespread. In multibacillary leprosy patients, the role of anti-ceramide antibody as a marker for nerve damage should be explored.

scholarly journals Are countries’ self-reported assessments of their capacity for infectious disease control reliable? Associations among countries’ self-reported International Health Regulation 2005 capacity assessments and infectious disease control outcomes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
feng-jen Tsai ◽  
Mathuros Tipayamongkholgul
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
International Health ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Average Score ◽  
International Health Regulation ◽  
Infectious Disease Control ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate associations among countries’ self-reported International Health Regulation 2005 (IHR 2005) capacity assessments and infectious disease control outcomes. Methods Countries’ self-reported assessments implemented by percentages as IHR Monitoring Tools (IHRMT) in 2016 and 2017 were used to represent national capacity regarding infectious disease control. WHO Disease Outbreak News and matched diseases reports on ProMED-mail were collected in 2016 to represent disease control outcomes of countries. Disease control outcomes were divided in good, normal and bad groups based on the development of outbreaks listed in the reports. The Human Development Index (HDI), density of physicians and nurses, health expenditure, number of arrivals of international tourists were also collected for control. Chi-square test and logistic regression were applied for analysis. Results A total of 907 cases occurred in 92 countries. For all diseases, cases occurring in high international travel volume countries presented twice the risk of having a bad disease control outcomes than cases occurring in low international travel volume countries (OR = 2.19 for IHR 2016, OR =2.97 for IHR 2017). Cases occurring in low IHR average score countries had significant higher risk (OR = 7.83 for IHR 2016 and OR = 2.23 for IHR 2017) of having a bad disease control outcomes than countries with high IHR average scores. For only human diseases, cases occurring in high international travel volume countries presented twice the risk of having a bad disease control outcomes than cases occurring in low international travel volume countries for IHR 2017 (OR =2.79). Cases occurring in low IHR average score countries had significant higher risk (OR = 11.16 for IHR 2016 and OR = 3.45 for IHR 2017) of having a bad disease control outcomes than countries with high IHR average scores. The HDI, health workforce density and total health expenditure were all positively associated with disease control outcomes. Conclusions Countries’ self-reported infectious disease control capacities positively correlated with their disease control outcomes. While the self-reported IHR scores were accountable to some degree, this approach was useful for understanding global capacity in infectious disease control and in allocating resources for future preparedness.

scholarly journals Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from domestic dogs in São Paulo, SP, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Isabel Giuli da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Hilda Fátima Jesus Pena ◽  
Sérgio Santos Azevedo ◽  
Marcelo Bahia Labruna ◽  
Solange Maria Gennari
Keyword(s):  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
One Year

Abstract Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites were assessed in fecal samples from 3,099 dogs in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, SP, that were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of São Paulo Veterinary School. The samples were analyzed using the flotation and centrifugal sedimentation methods. The results were compared with those from previous studies (at different times). The frequency of each parasite was correlated with the dogs’ ages, breeds and gender, as well as the occurrences of diarrhea and the use of anthelmintics, by means of the chi-square or Fisher exact test. Partitioned chi-square tests were used to compare occurrences of each parasite and the times analyzed. Out of the total number of samples, 20.5% were positive and 16.1% (102/635) of these presented more than one genus of parasites. Ancylostoma spp. (7.1%) and Giardia spp. (5.5%) were the most frequent helminths and protozoa, respectively. Ancylostoma spp. was associated (p<0.05) with age (over one year), mixed breeds, sex (male) and no use of anthelmintics. Dogs under one year and mixed breeds were associated with occurrences of Toxocara canis; and younger dogs with Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora spp. Giardia spp. were also associated with dogs with a defined breed (p<0.05). All the parasites analyzed presented lower incidence in the last period analyzed than in the previous periods.

scholarly journals Hubungan Diare dengan Status Gizi Balita di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Alania Rosari ◽  
Eka Agustia Rini ◽  
Masrul Masrul
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

AbstrakMalnutrisi pada anak masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di dunia. Data dari WHO pada tahun 2010 menunjukkan sebanyak 18% anak usia di bawah lima tahun di negara berkembang mengalami underweight. Keadaan kurang gizi dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit infeksi karena daya tahan tubuh yang menurun. Sebaliknya, penyakit infeksi juga dapat memengaruhi status gizi karena asupan makanan menurun, malabsorpsi, dan katabolisme tubuh meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan apakah terdapat hubungan antara diare dengan status gizi balita. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu dan balita usia 12-60 bulan yang bertempat tinggal di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 145 orang dengan metode proportionate random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner untuk mengetahui riwayat diare dalam sebulan terakhir dan penimbangan berat badan. Data diolah dengan uji statistik chi square menggunakan program SPSS 17.0. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan terdapat balita berstatus gizi baik (84,1%), status gizi kurang (13,8%), dan status gizi buruk (2,1%). Terdapat 25,5% balita yang pernah mengalami diare dengan rerata durasi diare 3,0 hari. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara diare dengan status gizi (BB/U) balita di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya (p=0,742). Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara diare dengan status gizi balita di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang.Kata kunci: status gizi balita, diareAbstractMalnutrition in children is still a major health problem in the world. Data from WHO in 2010 showed 18% of children under five years old in developing countries are underweight. Malnutrition may increase the risk of infectious disease because the immune system is decreased. Otherwise, infectious disease can also affect the nutritional status because of decreased food intake, malabsorption, and increased body catabolism. This study aimed to determine association between diarrhea and nutritional status of children. The study was an observational study with cross sectional design. The population is mother and children aged 12- 60 months residing in Lubuk Buaya Village. There are 145 samples taken with proportionate random sampling method. Data were collected with questionnaire to determine the history of diarrhea in the last month and weighing. The data were processed with chi square test by using SPSS 17.0 program. Results of univariate analysis showed that there are children with good nutritional status (84,1%), underweight (13,8%), and poor nutritional status (2,1%). There are 25,5% children had diarrhea with average duration of illness 3,0 days. Results of bivariate analysis showed no significant association between diarrhea and nutritional status (weight/age) of children in Lubuk Buaya Village (p = 0,742). This study showed no association between diarrhea and nutritional status of children in Lubuk Buaya Village, Koto Tangah Subdistrict, Padang City.Keywords: nutritional status of children, diarrhea

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN MORBUS HANSEN DAN FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA DI BAGIAN KULIT DAN KELAMIN BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE NOVEMBER – DESEMBER 2012

e-CliniC ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinta Purnama Hardy ◽  
Anita E. Dundu ◽  
Theresia M.D. Kaunang
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Education And Employment

Abstract : Relationship between Anxiety Level and Morbus Hansen and the Influencing Factors in Dermatologic Division Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado period of November – December 2012. Introduction : anxiety is defined as a emotional tension that often accompained by physical, sweating, increase of pulse rate. Morbus Hansen (hanseniasis), or well known as leprosy, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Leprae. In Indonesia leprosy are endemic disease, the number of leprosy patients estimated to be greater than that recorded in the health department, because of the high leprofobi and stigma againstleprosy. Method : this study is analytical, with a cross sectional approach. Result : based of the chi square test the results are no significant association (p>0,05) between anxiety and age, sex, education, and employment. Conclusion : There is no significant association between anxiety and Morbus Hansen.Keyword: Anxiety, HRS-A, Leprosy.  Abstrak : Hubungan tingkat kecemasan dengan morbus hansen dan faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Bagian Kulit dan Kelamin BLU RSUP Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou Manado periode November – Desember 2012. Pendahulan : kecemasan didefinisikansebagai suatu keadaan ketegangan emosional yang sering disertai dengan gejala fisik, seperti ketegangan, tremor, palpitasi, berkeringat dan peningkatan denyut nadi. Penyakit Morbus Hansen (hanseniasis), atau yang lebih dikenal dengan penyakit lepra atau kusta, merupakan penyakit infeksi kronis yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium Leprae. Di Indonesia penyakit kusta bersifat endemis, jumlah penyakit kusta diperkirakan lebih besar daripada yang tercatat di Departemen Kesehatan, karena adanya leprofobi dan stigma yang tinggi terhadap kusta. Metode : penelitian ini  bersifat analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil : berdasarkan hasil uji chi square di dapatkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna (p>0,05) antara kecemasan dengan umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan  dan pekerjaan. Kesimpulan : Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kecemasan dengan Morbus Hansen. Kata kunci: HRS-A, Kecemasan, Kusta.

scholarly journals Prevalance of Gastrointestinal Protozoa of Cats in Animal Hospital and Animal Clinic in Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Amara Lintang Pagati ◽  
Lucia Tri Suwanti ◽  
Chairul Anwar Nidom ◽  
Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti ◽  
Sarmanu Sarmanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Chi Square Test

Research of gastrointestinal protozoan in cats at Surabaya are still limited. Protozoa infection of the gastrointestinal tract can cause diarrhea and even zoonosis. This research aimed to identify and determine the prevalence of protozoan in cats in animal hostptal and animal clinic in Surabaya. Ninety  fecal samples were collected from 2 animal clinic and one animal hospital. Samples were  examined e wet mount (native, sedimentation, and floatation) and (Ziehl Nellsen) stain. Protozoa was identified by using a light microscope with 400x and 1000x magnification. The result showed 68,89% of samples were positively infected by gastrointestinal protozoa. The protozoa were Blastocystis sp, Cryptosporidium sp, Giardia sp, and Eimeria sp. By chi square test, there was  not significant differences the prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoan in cat between sex, age, breed, and diarrhea status

scholarly journals The Knowledge of Lung Tuberculosis Suspects for Sputum Examination Attitude In The Kamoning Primary Health Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Puteri Febriana Arivany
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease mostly attacks the lungs TB disease is transmitted by smear positive TB patients through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes in the form of droplets. Sputum examination is an effort to enforce TB diagnose and to determine the potential of this transmission. The aims was conducted to determine the relationship between the respondents’ knowledge andthe sputum examination in the health center Kamoning Sampang. This research used analytic observational study with survey method using cross sectional. The research performed in 60 patients and sampling method used is imple random sampling. The independent variabel consist of education, occupation, income respondents, education and attitude of the respondent in conducting sputum examination. The strength of correlation was measured by Contingency Coefficient and Odd Ratio (OR) were analyzed using chi-square test. Contingency Coefficient of respondents knowledge knowledge suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum examination is 0,253 and OR = 3,600. The conclusion is there was a weak correlation between the respondents knowledge and sputum examination. Symptoms and treatment of pulmonary TB can be identified if the health workers in collaboration with religious leaders and community leaders to provide the Information according to age and education of the respondents.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, TB suspect, sputum examination

scholarly journals Prevalence and Intensity of Nematode Infection on The Crossbreed Horse in Detasemen Kaveleri Berkuda Parongpong Bandung West Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Sesa Puput Febriyanti ◽  
Lucia Tri Suwanti ◽  
Eka Pramyrtha Hestinah ◽  
Setiawan Koesdarto ◽  
Boedi Setiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Nematode Infection ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
West Java ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Age And Sex

This survey study was aimed to determine the prevalance of nematodosis and intensity on the Crossbreed Horse in Detasemen Kaveleri Berkuda Parongpong Bandung West Java. The benefits of this research are to contribute giving additional information about Prevalence, Intensity, and Relation among prevalance with age, sex, and stable. Fecal samples were tested by native, sedimentation, and floatation methods. The examination was found some kind of worm eggs, which are: Trychonema sp., Strongylus spp., Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (lung worm). The result showed that the prevalence of nematodosis was 12.03%. in the calculation of worm eggs per gram feces of Crossbreed Horse in Detasemen Kaveleri Berkuda that have relatively moderate infection were 1123EPG and result analyze with ANOVA showed no real different with function of horse. The result of statistical analysis using Chi-Square test showed no significant differences in prevalence with age and sex (p>0.05). the result of statistical using Chi-Square test showed significant differences in prevalence with stable in Detasemen Kaveleri Berkuda (p<0.05).

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