Moral and Ethical Capital: The Problems of Evaluation

2014 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
O. Nifaeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Trust Responsibility

The nature of economic relations directly depends on moral and ethical features of the economic agents. At this moment Russia has got a unique opportunity to build a civilized model of economy by adjusting the moral and ethical features of the economic agents. The author presents a three-level structure of the moral and ethical features of individuals. Each level (material, intellectual and social) is determined by the features such as diligence, frugality, intelligence, initiativeness, honesty, trust, responsibility, humanness, patriotism. The peculiarity of the civilized model of economy is a commitment to balance the different social groups’ interests. The different moral and ethical features form human and social capital of the individual or the society as a whole. In particular the elements of the material level in the structure of the moral and ethical features of the economic agents form labor capital (as a desire and ability to work) and health capital (health and health preserving behaviour). Intellectual level of moral and ethical features (intelligence, initiativeness, creativity) generate intellectual capital. Social capital is based on social features: honesty, trust, responsibility, humanness, patriotism. Labor, health and intellectual capital are considered to be the elements of human capital. Human and social types of capital constitute moral and ethical capital of the economic agents as the key resource of civilized economy. This type of capital can be defined as unlimited, synergetic and able to influence on other economic resources efficiency. On the basis of analysis of economic efficiency indicators evolution the article suggests the methodology of moral and ethical capital evaluating by summarizing absolute economic losses of its misuse. Consideration of types of capital classification and of the structure of moral and ethical capital enables author to suggest recommendations on how to increase the definite elements of moral and ethical capital of the Russian society by means of government social, economic and institutional policy.

A successful person, society and civic activism

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1800-1816
Author(s):  
G.B. Kozyreva ◽  
T.V. Morozova ◽  
R.V. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civic Activism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Person Model ◽  
Social Disparity

Subject. The article provides considerations on the formation and development of a successful person model in the modern Russian society. Objectives. The study is an attempt to model a successful person in the Russian society, when the ideological subsystem of the institutional matrix is changing. Methods. The study relies upon the theory of institutional matrices by S. Kirdina, theories of human and social capital. We focus on the assumption viewing a person as a carrier of social capital, which conveys a success, socio-economic position, social status, civic activism, doing good to your family and the public, confidence in people and association with your region. The empirical framework comprises data of the sociological survey of the Russian population in 2018. The data were processed through the factor analysis. Results. We devised a model of a successful person in today's Russian society, which reveals that a success, first of all, depends on the economic wellbeing and has little relation to civic activism. The potential involvement (intention, possibility, preparedness) in the social and political life significantly dominates the real engagement of people. The success has a frail correlation with constituents of the social capital, such as confidence in people and doing good to the public. Conclusions and Relevance. Based on the socio-economic wellbeing, that is consumption, the existing model of a successful person proves to be ineffective. The sustainability of socio-economic wellbeing seriously contributes to the social disparity of opportunities, which drive a contemporary Russian to a success in life.

CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Vojislav Ilić ◽  
Igor Novaković ◽  
Slobodan Cvetanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human And Social Capital

During the last decade of the last century, the concept of capital in scientific literature has been significantly expanded. Namely, for decades, the belief that the category of capital includes only visible resources has been modified in terms of extending its comprehensiveness to intangible resources, such as human and social capital. Human capital encompasses knowledge, skills, competencies and characteristics embodied in the individual, which enable the creation of personal, social and economic well-being, while social capital represents the capital of cooperation, interaction, mutual trust and help. When it comes to education, the ability to acquire the necessary knowledge, skills and competences is crucial for the economic and social progress of individual countries. Unlike physical capital that is completely tangible, human and social capital are intangible. Recent approaches, as components of human capital, in addition to education and the level of health status of the population, outline the characteristics of people and societies that have an impact on the effects of work, including factors of ability, motivation and culture, etc. Some experts extend the content of human capital to individual characteristics of people such as creativity, innovation, motivation, attitudes (about life, business, etc.), diligence, responsibility, perseverance, self-initiative, communication success, problem solving, critical thinking, self-study, flexibility and adaptability. The paper considers the contribution of education as one of the basic and absolutely indisputable component of human capital to the development of social capital. It has come to the conclusion that countries with high education of the population tend to become richer and to invest more and more resources in the development of their own processing system. Therefore, in current business conditions in the process of creating human capital, the importance of activities focused on lifelong education and professional development is especially important. Both types of capital are developing in close interdependence. The increase in human capital corresponds significantly to the development of social capital. On the contrary, social capital represents an essential premise of increasing the efficiency of human capital. Moreover, there is not a small number of authors who regard certain attributes of social capital as human capital components. Considering the contribution of education as a component of human capital to the development of social capital, it can be concluded that education does so because it helps young people to recognize their duties as members of society, promote civil and social engagement of people and influence human behavior. Citizens with higher education have a high degree of civic and social engagement. The educated people are much more involved in their communities and take practical steps to improve the welfare of communities in which they live contributing, among other things, to the development of social capital.

The evolution of the intellectual capital concept and measurement

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Oliveira ◽  
Daniele Nascimento ◽  
Kimiz Dalkir
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technology Knowledge ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

This paper presents two dimensions of intellectual capital (IC): the concept itself and the measurement of IC. In the conceptual section, the importance of IC for competitive advantage and its evolution from practice to academia is discussed. The number and diversity of IC models is considered and their points in common are drawn out: namely, three categories, representing the individual, the collectivity and the relationship perspectives. The importance of social capital for the organization’s survival in the current economic environment is explained, a related bibliometric analysis is reported and an IC model acknowledging this component is suggested. The advent of new kinds of capital is explored and a perspective for their integration with the IC model is proposed. In the measurement section, the foundations of IC measurement and different metrics are discussed. A list of factors to be considered for the choice of the ideal set of metrics is presented. The ResultsBased Management and Accountability Framework is explained and the evaluation of the Canadian Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Research and Technology knowledge management initiative is given as an example. Recommendations to the reader on how to build their own assessment strategy are made and, in conclusion, future research venues are suggested.Keywords: Intellectual capital. Intellectual capital models. Intellectual capital bibliometrics. Google trends. Intellectual capital metrics. Results-based management and accountability framework. Logic model.Link: http://revista.ibict.br/ciinf/article/view/4054/3573

ETHICAL PROBLEMS OF MODERN BUSINESS AND PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

10.12737/2407 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Миргеева ◽  
V. Mirgeeva
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Business World ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Modern Business

The fear expresses, that norms of morals and morals in modern cjnditions of the Russian society as a whole? And the business world in particular, are strongly dim. The concept “intelligence” not in a fashion and its disappearance looks today as natural process. The question on necessity of increase of business culture of the manager – manager rises, lack or which absence sooner or later will be wrapped up by economic losses, and further – crisis. Difficult to consider an ethics role in the sphere of the economic relations because of their nature based on utilitarian interest which absence inevitably results in stagnation, degradation of economy and as a result to fall of a standard of living of the population. Economy operate not only economic laws. It is impossible to ignore a human factor that means impossibility of an exception of freedom of a moral choice from economic processes. Therefore, the moral principles too are economic factor since rules of the free market are based that people adhere to the general moral and ethical reference points in the course of labor activity.

scholarly journals STRUCTURING INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN NETWORK ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Samoilenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Network Economy ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Knowledge Competencies ◽  
Human And Social Capital

The article considers the formation and development of intellectual capital, including in the context of its relationship with human and social capital. The concept of intellectual capital is generalized and identified, its structure is defined according to different author's representations. It is determined that at the micro level intellectual capital is formed directly by human capital, structural (organizational) capital and client (consumer) capital. It was found that intellectual capital is assessed according to the methods of international organizations, including individual, collective, corporate (organizational), local and territorial, national, regional, international and global levels. Elements of intellectual capital are identified on the basis of their possible contact with the external environment: intellectual property, management system, infrastructure, social relations, technical and technological subsystem. It is emphasized that the theoretical aspects of intellectual capital from different authorial positions are presented in the global network economy, taking into account the intensification of information technology and innovation. It is revealed that the modern innovation environment creates preconditions for the formation of intellectual capital. Scientific knowledge, competencies of employees, experience, intellectual property, information technology are implemented in intangible products and assets of the network economy. It was found that most researchers understand intellectual capital as a set of intellectual assets, which can include: market assets (intangible assets related to market transactions); intellectual property as an asset (copyright, patents, trademarks of goods and services, know-how, trade secrets); human assets (a set of collective knowledge of employees of the enterprise, their creative abilities, the presence of leadership qualities); infrastructure assets (technologies, methods and processes that make the work of the enterprise possible). The expediency of considering intellectual capital in relation to human and social capital is emphasized, as the importance of social capital is represented by its special form, namely - networks, social norms and trust.

Problems of activation of investment activity of the banking sector on the background of the development of regional economic systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
E. I. Strogonova
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Development

In the modern financial system, depending on what are the volumetric factors of economic growth, it is necessary to maintain the competitiveness of the regional financial system. The modern banking sector is able to provide access to national economic agents. The rational and effective development of financial and economic relations between investment activities determines the individual characteristics of this system.

The Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Manager Skills

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hoang Thanh Nhon
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Organizational Capital ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The purpose of this article was to explore the moderating role of the manager skills on the relationship between the intangible capitals and firm performance. Specific aims included (a) to synthesize the prior literatures and definitions related to human, organizational and social capital, firm performance and manager skills, (b) to refine conceptual definitions of the human and social capital with associated conceptual antecedent, organizational capital, and consequences, firm performances, (c) to propose a synthesized conceptual framework guiding the mediated moderation of the manager skills on the relationship between intangible capitals and firm performance. The analysis include data collected from a survey with the total of 370 information communication technology (ICT) firm’s managers. The mediating and moderating techniques are used to analyze the indirect effects of organizational capital on firm performance via human and social capital and the moderating role of manager skills on the relationship between intangible capitals and firm performance. The results show that all intangible capital dimensions have direct impacts on firm performance. In addition, there is the existences of the mediating role of the human and social capital on the relationship between firm performance and organizational capital and moderating role of the manager skills on the relationship between intellectual capital dimensions and firm performance. This is the first paper to examine comprehensively the conceptual framework of the moderating role of manager skills on relationships between intangible capitals and firm performance in ICT sector in a developing country like Vietnam.

scholarly journals Human and Social Capital Complementarities in the Presence of Credit Market Imperfections

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-150
Author(s):  
Natasha Moeen
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human And Social Capital

This paper models the individual-level social capital effect the credit market constraints that reduce the accumulation of costly human capital. Human capital, in turn, improves an individual’s income as well as the bequest that they intend to leave for their children. It also helps reduce inequality across a country. Finally, the model shows that investment in social capital has a negative relationship with the interest rate, so that the initial inherited bequest of every individual affects the output and investment in the short-run, as well as in the long-run.

scholarly journals How Intellectual Capital Predicts Innovation Output in EU Regions. Implications for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 14036
Author(s):  
George Martinidis ◽  
Nicos Komninos ◽  
Arkadiusz Dyjakon ◽  
Stanislaw Minta ◽  
Małgorzata Hejna
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Innovation Output ◽  
Human And Social Capital

Intellectual capital is an overarching concept that includes the intangible, human-related factors that are relevant to the innovation process, such as human capital and social capital. In the present study, intellectual capital was assessed by indicators measuring different aspects of human and social capital. Factor analysis demonstrated the existence of three underlying factors, with all variables of the model having important contributions to them. A linear regression analysis indicated that 8 out of the 12 variables of intellectual capital used have a statistically significant impact on the measure of innovation output. These findings were discussed and their implications for policy were considered. The paper provides research evidence on the importance of intellectual capital for innovation output and discusses potential ways to achieve smart, sustainable and inclusive growth in the context of the next generation of sustainable smart specialisation strategies.

Managing social and human capital in organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Manuti ◽  
Maria Antonietta Impedovo ◽  
Pasquale Davide De Palma
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intangible Asset ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of communities of practice in organizations and their most beneficial effects for both individual and collective development. Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review, from the first authoritative texts by Lave and Wenger until the most recent critiques, the paper has attempted to conciliate the individual and the organizational perspectives about this precious tool for knowledge management and creation. Findings Because of their distinctive features, a joint enterprise, a mutual engagement and a shared repertoire, if strategically managed, might resort to individual and organizational positive outcomes. From an individual perspective, communities could be beneficial in developing professional skills, a stronger sense of identity and finding continuity even during discontinuity and change. From an organizational perspective, communities of practice could help drive the strategy, start new lines of business, solve problems quickly and transfer best practices. Research limitations/implications Many limitations about this conceptualization have been presented. Therefore, future research should try to focus on communities within different socio-cultural contexts and within different kinds of organizations. Practical implications Practical implications about the use of communities of practice within organizational contexts are mainly linked to the enhancement of human and social capital seen as a strategic, although intangible, asset. Social implications The social implications of this paper are connected to the contribution to the discussion on the theme which is quite uncommon in human resource management research. Originality/value The value of this paper is the attempt to connect the communities of practice to human and social capital.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document