scholarly journals Agroindustrial Wastes as a Support for the Immobilization of Lipase From Thermomyces lanuginosus: Synthesis of Hexyl Laurate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regiane K. S. Lira ◽  
Rochele T. Zardini ◽  
Marcela C. C. de Carvalho ◽  
Robert Wojcieszak ◽  
Selma G. F. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Materials ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Thermomyces Lanuginosus ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Hydrolytic Activities ◽  
Hydrophobic Adsorption ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Agroindustrial Wastes

As a consequence of intense industrialization in the last few decades, the amount of agro-industrial wastes has increasing, where new forms of valorization are crucial. In this work, 5 residual biomasses from Maranhão (Brazil) were investigted as supports for immobilization of lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL). The new biocatalysts BM-TLL (babaçu mesocarp) and RH-TLL (rice husk) showed immobilization efficiencies >98% and hydrolytic activities of 5,331 U.g-1 and 4.608 U. g-1 respectively against 142 U. g-1 by Lipozyme® TL IM. High esterification activities were also found, with 141.4 U.g-1 and 396.4 U.g-1 from BM-TLL and RH-TLL against 113.5 U.g-1 by TL IM. Results of porosimetry, SEM and BET demonstrated BM and RH supports are mesoporous materials with large hydrophobic area, allowing a mixture of hydrophobic adsorption and confinement, resulting in hyperactivation of TLL. These biocatalysts were applied in the production of hexyl laurate, where RH-TLL was able to generate 94% conversion in 4 h. Desorption with Triton X-100 and NaCl confirmed that new biocatalysts were more efficient with 5 times less protein than commercial TL IM. All results demonstrated that residual biomass was able to produce robust and stable biocatalysts containing immobilized TLL with better results than commercial preparations.

scholarly journals Agroindustrial Wastes as a Support for the Immobilization of Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus: Synthesis of Hexyl Laurate

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Regiane K. de S. Lira ◽  
Rochele T. Zardini ◽  
Marcela C. C. de Carvalho ◽  
Robert Wojcieszak ◽  
Selma G. F. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Materials ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Thermomyces Lanuginosus ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Hydrolytic Activities ◽  
Hydrophobic Adsorption ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Agroindustrial Wastes

As a consequence of intense industrialization in the last few decades, the amount of agro-industrial wastes has increasing, where new forms of valorization are crucial. In this work, five residual biomasses from Maranhão (Brazil) were investigated as supports for immobilization of lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL). The new biocatalysts BM-TLL (babaçu mesocarp) and RH-TLL (rice husk) showed immobilization efficiencies >98% and hydrolytic activities of 5.331 U g−1 and 4.608 U g−1, respectively, against 142 U g−1 by Lipozyme® TL IM. High esterification activities were also found, with 141.4 U g−1 and 396.4 U g−1 from BM-TLL and RH-TLL, respectively, against 113.5 U g−1 by TL IM. Results of porosimetry, SEM, and BET demonstrated BM and RH supports are mesoporous materials with large hydrophobic area, allowing a mixture of hydrophobic adsorption and confinement, resulting in hyperactivation of TLL. These biocatalysts were applied in the production of hexyl laurate, where RH-TLL was able to generate 94% conversion in 4 h. Desorption with Triton X-100 and NaCl confirmed that new biocatalysts were more efficient with 5 times less protein than commercial TL IM. All results demonstrated that residual biomass was able to produce robust and stable biocatalysts containing immobilized TLL with better results than commercial preparations.

scholarly journals Industrial Wastes in Soil Improvement

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Rama Subbarao ◽  
D. Siddartha ◽  
T. Muralikrishna ◽  
K. S. Sailaja ◽  
T. Sowmya
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Engineering Structures

Soil existing at a particular site may not be appropriate for construction of engineering structures. The present study made an attempt to enhance the geotechnical properties of a soil replaced with industrial wastes having pozzolanic value like rice husk ash (RHA) and fly ash (FA). Soil is replaced with RHA in 2%, 4%, and 6% to dry weight of soil. It is observed that soil replaced with 4% RHA is the optimum for the soil used in this study from geotechnical point of view. To know the influence of fly ash, soil is further replaced with 4% FA along with 4% RHA. It is found that results of soil replacement by both RHA and FA proved to be soil modification and not the improvement. Hence, a cost-effective accelerator like lime is used for further replacing the above soil-4%, RHA-4% FA mix. The optimum lime content is found to be 4%.

Effect of Flyash- Rice Husk Ash Blend in the Energy Efficient Geopolymer Tiles Using Industrial Wastes

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 403-411
Author(s):  
A. Chithambar Ganesh ◽  
K. Mukilan ◽  
B.P.V. Srikar ◽  
L.V.S. Teja ◽  
K.S.V. Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
Intensive Approach

Infrastructural developments are inevitable for the developing countries and hence the production of sustainable building materials is promoted worldwide. Sustainable development in the vicinity of tiles is bewildered for more than a decade. Production of conventional tiles such as cement concrete tiles, clay tiles and ceramic tiles is energy intensive approach and levies lot of strain over the adjunct ecosystem. On the other hand there are serious problems related to the disposal of flyash, Rice Husk Ash throughout the world. An approach has been taken to synthesis tiles based on these industrial byproducts as the base materials through Geopolymer technology. In this work, Geopolymer mortar after heat curing is applied as tiles. In this work, Flyash is replaced by Rice Husk Ash in various proportions such as 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent. Tests such as workability, flatness, straightness, perpendicularity, water absorption, modulus of rupture and abrasion are conducted and fair results are obtained. This research also portrays the effect of Rise Husk Ash addition over the flyash based Geopolymer binder in the utility as tiles. The findings of this research work encourages the development of energy efficient tiles using industrial wastes. Keywords: Geopolymer, Rice Husk Ash, Tiles

Development of Geopolymer Mortar from Metakaolin Blended with Agricultural and Industrial Wastes

2018 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chayanee Tippayasam ◽  
Sarochapat Sutikulsombat ◽  
Jamjuree Paramee ◽  
Cristina Leonelli ◽  
Duangrudee Chaysuwan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Alkali Solutions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Geopolymer is a greener alternative cement produced from the reaction of pozzolans and strong alkali solutions. Generally, the cement industry is one of largest producers of CO2that caused global warming. For geopolymer mortar usage, Portland cement is not utilized at all. In this research, geopolymer mortars were prepared by mixing metakaolin, various wastes (fly ash, bagasse ash and rice husk ash) varied as 80:20, 50:50 and 20:80, 15M NaOH, Na2SiO3and sand. The influence of various parameters such as metakaolin to ashes ratios and pozzolans to alkali ratios on engineering properties of metakaolin blended wastes geopolymer mortar were studied. Compressive strength tests were carried out on 25 x 25 x 25 mm3cube geopolymer mortar specimens at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 91 air curing days. Physical and chemical properties were also investigated at the same times. The test results revealed that the highest compressive strength was 20% metakaolin - 80% fly ash geopolymer mortar. When the curing times increases, the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar also increases. The mixing of metakaolin and bagasse ash/rice husk ash presented lower compressive strength but higher water absorption and porosity. For FTIR results, Si-O, Al-O and Si-O-Na+were found. Moreover, the geopolymer mortar could easily plastered on the wall.

MECHANICAL AND DURABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF GGBS DOLOMITE GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikot Pallikkara Shashikala ◽  
Praveen Nagarajan ◽  
Saranya Parathi
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
By Products

Production of Portland cement causes global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gases to the environment. The need for reducing the amount of cement is necessary from sustainability point of view. Alkali activated and geopolymeric binders are used as alternative to cement. Industrial by-products such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), silica fume, rice husk ash etc. are commonly used for the production of geopolymer concrete. This paper focuses on the development of geopolymer concrete from slag (100% GGBS). Effect of different cementitious materials such as lime, fly ash, metakaolin, rice husk ash, silica fume and dolomite on strength properties of slag (GGBS) based geopolymer concrete are also discussed. It is observed that the addition of dolomite (by-products from rock crushing plants) into slag based geopolymer concrete reduces the setting time, enhances durability and improves rapidly the early age strength of geopolymer concrete. Development of geopolymer concrete with industrial by-products is a solution to the disposal of the industrial wastes. The quick setting concrete thus produced can reduce the cost of construction making it sustainable also.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Rice Husk Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement in M40 Grade Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1444-1447
Author(s):  
Musaib Bashir Dar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Alternative Materials

Abstract: In this developing era concrete and cement mortar are widely used by the construction industry, with this development. Large number of industrial wastes are generated and if these wastes are not properly used it will create severe problems, keeping the environment in mind, concrete engineers are trying to find some alternative materials which will not only replaces the cement content but also improves strength of concrete. As we also know that during the manufacturing of cement large amount of Co2 is released into the environment, but if we use such material that will replace the quantity of cement content therefore indirectly, we are contributing towards the prevention of our planet from global warming and other pollutions. Also, in this research work the Rice Husk Ash is used. the rice husk ash obtained from the rice processing units, by adding this product with concrete, not only replaces the cement content but also increases the strength of concrete like compressive strength etc. The Rice husk ash was incorporated with concrete with varying percentages of 2.5% ,5% ,7.5%, & 10%. the proper codal precautions were followed during the manufacture of concrete cubes of 150x150x150mm. it was concluded that the strength of concrete increased by incorporated the rice husk ash. Keywords: Concrete, RHA, Compressive strength, Industrial wastes, Cement etc

scholarly journals Production of cellulase by Mucor ramanniacus using submerged fermentation and its applications in biodegradation of agro-industrial waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Dorcas Ibukunoluwa ◽  
Ademakinwa Adedeji Nelson ◽  
Zainab Adenike Ayinla ◽  
Femi Kayode Agboola
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Triton X

Abstract This study was undertaken to isolate and identify a novel cellulase-producing strain from a waste site (7°28’11’’N 4°31’24’’E), optimise the growth conditions, partially purify and biochemically characterise the enzyme. The potentials of the purified cellulase to hydrolyse the lignocellulosic component of some agro-industrial wastes (e.g. orange peels etc.) was also investigated. The best cellulase-producing fungus was identified as Mucor ramanniacus and the optimum conditions for cellulase production were pH (4.5), inoculum size (12 mm), carbon and nitrogen sources were carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium nitrate respectively resulting in a specific activity of 1423 Units/mg protein. A purification fold of 1.56 and 45.37 % yield were obtained after purification. The optimum pH and temperature were at 9.0 and 40°C respectively. The kinetic parameters were 0.63 ± 0.495 mg/ml, 20.21 ± 11.28 U/ml, 1001.4s− 1 for Km and Vmax and kcat respectively. Na+, K+, Ca+, Cysteine, β-mercaptoethanol and SDS were activators while Tween 80, Triton X-100 EDTA, Hg2+ and Ba2+ inhibited the enzyme. M. ramanniacus cellulase hydrolysed all agro-industrial wastes used. The partially purified M. ramanniacus cellulase showed great potential in biodegradation of various lignocellulosic substrates and the biochemical characteristics exhibited makes it suitable in industrial applications.

scholarly journals Valorization of rice husk ash in ceramic bricks

Cerâmica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (368) ◽  
pp. 490-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Milak ◽  
M. T. Souza ◽  
C. P. Bom ◽  
P. Mantas ◽  
F. Raupp-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Insulating Properties

Abstract Thermal comfort of residential buildings has become an important factor for the performance and functional application of materials in constructive systems. In this scenario, it also takes some concepts related to sustainability, such as the recycling of industrial wastes. Many of these materials, such as rice husk ash (RHA), become interesting mineral alternatives for production of structural and/or sealing ceramics blocks with insulating properties. In this paper, ceramic samples of formulated compositions constituted of natural raw materials (clays) and rice husk ash (8 to 20 wt%) as an alternative mineral source, were appropriated prepared, extruded and then, after drying process at 110 °C, fired at 965 °C for 2 h. The results showed the feasibility of adding rice husk ash in the production of ceramic blocks with porosities in the 16 to 32% range, resulting in a considerable reduction of their thermal conductivities (up to 27%).

Gasification of Agro-Industrial Wastes for Electricity Cogeneration

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. E. Sarmiento ◽  
D. M. Y. Maya ◽  
F. Chejne ◽  
E. E. S. Lora
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Proximate And Ultimate Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to report studies on agricultural residual biomass gasification to power cogeneration. The classification was determined by availability and feedstock for thermochemical conversion of waste materials of flower industry in Colombia. Firstly, it was made an inventory of the main species of flowers produced, they were evaluated from the point of view of energy proximate and ultimate analysis of the available biomass[1]–[4] [5]. As a result of this work, the waste types with higher residual biomass per unit area were classified, they generate on average 665.59 Kg/ha of dry residual biomass. The elemental analysis (CHON) was expressed to be: C:35,47%, H:4,50%, O:52,24 % and N:2,291% and a calorific value of 3248,30 cal/kg. Experimental tests were conducted in a gasification updraft reactor using air as gasifying agent, steam and a mixture of air and steam at 850°C. The yields and gas composition were analyzed, in this case the values of CO, H2, CO2, N2 and CH4 have been on average 21.9%, 44.8%, 24.4%, 5.9% and 3.1% respectively [1], [2], [4], [6]–[10]. With the experimental test data was fed zero dimensional model in Aspen Plus® software, which highlights that 20% of energy from biomass producer gas is carried to later becoming electricity, it concludes that for each kilogram of biomass with 11% humidity fed to the process will provide 0.66 kW of electric power to the motor generator.

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