scholarly journals Effect of Shading and Mowing on the Growth of Indonesia’s Native Zoysia grass in Silty Clay Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Rahayu Rahayu ◽  
Mujiyo Mujiyo ◽  
Randy Ramadhan ◽  
Geun Mo Yang ◽  
Joon Soo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Silty Clay Soil

<p>In general, turfgrass grows well and forms high quality turf under full sun exposure. It is very difficult, however, to grow a warm season turfgrass under shaded condition. Zoysia grass is a popular warm season grass that commonly grow under full sun exposure condition. There are limited information regarding the growth response and turf quality of zoysia grass when grown under shaded condition. This study aims to observe the growth and quality of various zoysia grass local cultivars at different shading intensities and different mowing. This research was carried out using 10 zoysia grass cultivars planted in the rice fields’ vertisol clay with randomized complete block design. The shading used were control, shade-nets with 25% and 65% hole densities. Zoysia grass was fertilized using NPK; 4:1:3 and mowed three times. The results showed that plants without shade, 25% and 65% received on average solar irradiance of 25,141; 12,456 and 3,727 lux. The increase in shade level decreased the shoot fresh weight, dry weight, root dry weight and the plant height. Shading and frequent mowing effected the plant height. Mowing has more effect on plant height in 25% shading than in 65% shading. The increase in shading, in mowed grass showed increased plant height and decreased plant dry weight. Mowing three times can reduce plant height in all shades. The grasses under 25% shading resulted the highest plant dry weight; whereas and shading 65% resulted the lowest. Plant dry weight and uniformity of turf were affected by the cultivars.</p>

scholarly journals Karakter Agronomi yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil dan Mutu Rajangan Kering Tembakau Temanggung

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
. Djumali
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Genetic Characters ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

<p>Hasil dan mutu tembakau temanggung merupakan hasil interaksi pengaruh genetik tanaman dan kondisi ling-kungan tumbuh. Pada tembakau virginia, peubah-peubah agronomi tanaman merupakan karakter genetik ta-naman yang mempengaruhi hasil dan mutu. Pada tembakau temanggung, hal ini belum diketahui. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh peubah agronomi sebagai karakter genetik tembakau temanggung dan ka-itannya dengan hasil dan mutu rajangan kering dilakukan di rumah kaca Balittas, Malang sejak Maret–Agus-tus 2008. Sembilan kultivar tembakau temanggung disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok yang diulang ti-ga kali. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap peubah agronomi yang dimulai pada saat pemangkasan sampai pa-nen akhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peubah agronomi yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, sudut daun, luas daun, jumlah daun, bobot spesifik daun, luas daun per helai, bobot kering tanaman, bobot kering tajuk, bobot kering akar, rasio tajuk/akar, bobot kering batang, bobot kering daun, bobot kering bunga, dan bobot kering tunas samping merupakan karakter genetik tembakau temanggung. Karakter agronomi tersebut mem-pengaruhi hasil dan mutu rajangan kering dengan total pengaruh masing-masing sebesar 92,8% dan 76,7%. Lima karakter agronomi utama yang mempengaruhi hasil rajangan kering adalah luas daun per helai, jumlah daun, bobot spesifik daun, tinggi tanaman, dan bobot kering daun dengan total pengaruh sebesar 89,4%. Adapun lima karakter agronomi utama yang mempengaruhi mutu rajangan kering adalah luas daun, rasio tajuk/akar, bobot kering tanaman, bobot kering bunga, dan tinggi tanaman dengan total pengaruh sebesar 75,7%.</p><p> </p><p>The yield and quality of temanggung tobacco are influenced by plant genetic and growth environmental. In virginia tobacco, plant agronomic variables were genetical characteristics determining yield and quality. The effect of agronomical characteristic on yield and quality of temanggung tobacco is not yet well defined. The research which aim to find plant agronomical variables as genetic characters and its relationship on dry slice and quality of temanggung tobacco, was conducted in glass house of IToFCRI, Malang from March–August 2008. Nine cultivars of temanggung tobacco were arranged in randomized block design and three replica-tions. The results showed that agronomic variables i.e. plant height, leaf angle, leaf area, number of leaf, spe-cific leaf weight, leaf area per strand, plant dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot/root ratio, bast dry weight, leaf dry weight, flower dry weight, and sucker dry weight were genetic characters of temang-gung tobacco, which had effect on yield and quality with total effect of them were 92.8% and 76.7% res-pectively. Leaf area per strand, number of leaf, specific leaf weight, plant height, and leaf dry weight were agronomical characteristics which had significant effect on dry slice yield of 89.4%. Leaf area, shoot/ root ra-tio, plant dry weight, flower dry weight, and plant height were agronomical characteristics which had signi-ficant effect on quality of 75.7%.</p>

scholarly journals (125) Response of Six Begonia Species to Different Substrate pH

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085C-1085
Author(s):  
Ka Yeon Jeong ◽  
Claudio Pasian ◽  
David Tay
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Plastic Containers

Substrate pH of soilless media directly affects nutrient availability. Limited information about the effect of substrate pH on growth of begonia species (not cultivated hybrids) was found in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrate pH on the growth and quality of six begonia species grown from June to Aug. 2004. The targeted pH ranges (<4.5, 4.5∼5.0, 5.0∼5.5, 5.5∼6.0, 6.0∼6.5, 6.5∼7.0, and over 7.0) of the peat-based substrates were obtained by adding seven different amounts of dolomitic hydrated lime: 0, 1.0, 1.3, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, and 2.6 kg·m3. Begonia albopicta, B. cucullata var. cucullata, B. echinosepala var. elongatifolia, B. holtonis, B. fuchsioides (red), and B. fuchsioides (pink), were propagated by stem cuttings, and then transplanted into plastic containers. This experiment was a factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete-block design. The pH was monitored weekly using the pour-through method and adjusted accordingly by adding flowable lime or a mild sulfuric acid solution. The pH values were averaged for each treatment of each species. There were significant differences between species in the inflorescence number and SPAD readings, but no interaction between species and substrate pH was found. Stem length, leaf area, and dry weight of each plant were significantly affected by species and substrate pH. B. albopicta performed best at substrate pH of 5.6 and 6.0, showing no symptoms of phytotoxicity. B. cucullata, above substrate pH 6.0, and B. holtonis at pH 5.0 and 5.6 had the highest vegetative growth and plant quality. Plant mortality was observed for B. cucullata and B. fuchsioides (red) at pH below 4.4 and 5.3, respectively.

THE EFFECT OF SALINITY OF IRRIGATION WATER AND SPRAYING BY HUMIC ACID IN SOME OF MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
E. K. Al-Fahdawe ◽  
A. A. Al-Sumaidaie ◽  
Y. K. Al-Hadithy
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

A pots experiment was conducted at the Department of Biology/College of Education for Girls/University of Anbar during Autumn season of 2018-2019 to study the effect of the salinity irrigation water and spray by humic acid in some of morphological, physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat cv. IPa. The experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was assigned for irrigation by saline water at four level (S0, S1, S2 and S3), while the second factor was the foliar spraying of humic acid in three level (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1). The results showed that there was significant reduction in plant height, vegetative dry weight, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content when the plants were irrigated by saline water approached to 41.09 cm, 0.747 g, 0.849 g plant-1 and 38.67 SPAD, respectively at salinity level of 8.3 ds m-1 compared with the plants which irrigated by fresh water. The total carbohydrates were significantly decreased at the treatment of 8.3 ds m-1 reached 18.71 mg g-1. Spray levels humic acid achieved a significant increase in plant height, dry weight of the vegetative part, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content sprayed at 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1 compared to no sprayed. Nitrogen concentration was significantly increased, while both phosphorus and potassium were decreased in the vegetative parts of wheat as the salinity of irrigation water increased. However, the increase of humic acid levels led to significant increasing in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration.

scholarly journals Influence of vernalization and bulb size on the production of lily cut flowers and lily bulbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Brito de Almeida ◽  
José Geraldo Barbosa ◽  
José Antônio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
Fernando Luiz Finger ◽  
Joice Crescencio Heidemann
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Physiological Phenomenon ◽  
Cold Chamber ◽  
The Impact

Exposure of bulbs to cold, a physiological phenomenon called vernalization, and bulb size are important factors in the production of lily bulbs and flowers. This study aimed to verify the influence of vernalization of bulbs on flowering cut lily plants, as well as the impact of size and shape of harvest on the production and quality of flowers and bulbs. In turn, the way the stems of the plants used for cut-flower production are cropped is of higher importance for the production of new flower bulbs. In this sense, the experiment was conducted in Viçosa, MG, in a greenhouse in a randomized block design, in split splot scheme with three replications, in which the vernalization periods (25, 35 and 45 days at 4 ± 1 C) constituted the plots; bulb sizes (diameters of 3.2-3.8 cm; 2.5-3.2 cm 1.9- and 2.5 cm), subplots and ways to harvest (full harvest of the stem at the required length for the commercial harvest of the flower, commercial stem harvest at the commercial length, maintaining 10cm of stem in the soil; removal of the floral buds as soon as their appearance is observed and harvest at the end of the season), the sub subplots. The bulbs were planted in beds, with 15 x 20 cm spacing. It was evaluated the number of plants that flowered and the number of flowers, the length and the diameter of the floral buds, fresh and dry weights, diameter and plant height as well as number, perimeter and amount of fresh and dry bulbs. There was a decrease in the plant height with the increase of the vernalization period and a reduction of the diameter of the planted bulbs, as well as of the number and the fresh and dry weights of the produced buds. The production of flowers and buds in number, size and weight was directly proportional to the size of the planted bulbs, while the form of harvest with removal of flower buds increased the number, the perimeter and the fresh and dry weights of the buds. Bulbs with diameter between 3.2 - 3.8 cm, stored for 25 days in cold chamber enable greater production of flowers and the highest stem height, factors that favor the increase in market value.

scholarly journals Fertilization the Omission One Test as Determination Limiting Factors for Maize Biomass (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Koko Tampubolon ◽  
Bagus Fitra Azmi ◽  
Perdana Andriano Tamba ◽  
Ayu Widya Lestari ◽  
Kamaruddin Kamaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The research was aimed to obtain information on the impact of omission one test fertilization as a determination limiting factors for the growth and biomass of maize in variety Bonanza F1. Materials and Methods: The research was located in the experimental field, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan from December 2020 until February 2021. The research was applied by Randomized Block Design in non-factorial through fertilization of omission one test that has been converted (urea : SP-36 : KCl = 0.75 : 0.50 : 0.125 g polybag-1). The treatment of this research include P0 = non-fertilization; P1= N+P+K; P2= P+K; P3= N+K; P4= N+P using three replications. The parameters include plant height, leaf growth, total fresh weight, total dry weight, and the percentage of relative yield then processed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT at 5% ± standard error with SPSS v.20 software. Results: Informed that the omission one test technique significantly improved all the characteristics of maize in the variety Bonanza F1. The highest increase in plant height was found in the N+P of 83.65%, meanwhile, the highest leaf and biomass growth characters were found in N+P+K, ranged of 50.00 to 177.81% and 487.60 to 507.37%, respectively. It was obtained that the limiting factor for the maize growth in variety Bonanza F1 was found in the un-fertilization of nitrogen.

PENGARUH ASAM FULVAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKTIVITAS, DAN MUTU RIMPANG JAHE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
MUHAMAD DJAZULI ◽  
IRENG DARWATI ◽  
ROSITA SMD
Keyword(s):  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Application Frequency ◽  
Optimal Effect

Fulvic acid is an extraction product of humus which is very potential for supplement fertilizer and able to reduce either inorganic or organic fertilizer application. The information about fulvic acid application as supplement fertilizer on ginger in Indonesia is still limited. The objective of the study was lo find oul the efect of fulvic acid as supplement fertilizer on the growth, productivity and quality of young ginger. A green house trial was conducted from July lo November 1996. Five levels of fulvic acid concentration, 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% were sprayed every week from 4 to 1 5 weeks ater planting (WAP). A randomized block design was used with five replicates. The results indicated that the growth of plant height and number of tiller of ginger increased rapidly al 8 WAP, then il became slowly from 12 lo 1 5 WAP Application 10% of fulvic acid was able to increase vegetative parts 99.6%, fresh and dry weight of rhizome 89 and 125% respectively, and starch content of rhizome 22.6%. To find oul of the optimal effect of fulvic acid on productivity and quality of ginger, a further research using higher level and application frequency of fulvic acid as an extract product from several humus types in Indonesia is needed.

scholarly journals Variation and relationships of morphological traits, shoot yields and essential oil contents of four Anthemis species

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Alizadeh ◽  
Ali Ashraf Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Anthemis L. is a genus of aromatic flowering plants in the family Asteraceae and is native to Iran. In this research, 62 accessions of four chamomile species including Anthemis tinctoria, A. triumfetti, A. haussknechtii and A. pseudocotula were evaluated for morphological traits. Four experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Institute of Forest and Rangeland, Tehran, Iran in 2011. Data were collected for the morphological traits for all of the species and essential oil content for A. triumfetti and A. pseudocotula. The results showed that plant height was positively correlated with canopy area for all of the species except A. triumfetti (p < 0.01). There were positive correlations between flower number with plant height and canopy area in both A. tinctoria and A. haussknechtii (p < 0.01). Fresh and dry weight were positively correlated with canopy area and plant height in all of the species (p < 0.01), except A. tinctoria for canopy area and A. triumfetti for plant height. GDD had a positive correlation with canopy area for A. triumfetti (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between essential oil yield and plant height, fresh and dry weight in A. triumfetti and A. pseudocotula (p < 0.05). Using cluster analysis (Ward method), the accessions of A. triumfetti, A. tinctoria, A. haussknechtii and A. pseudocotula were grouped into 3, 2, 4 and 2 clusters, respectively. The results of cluster analysis separated the accession based on shoot yield, morphological traits and maturity. In some items, the accessions within each cluster were coordinated with their geographical provenance.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Varietas Dyxp Dumpy pada Kondisi Stres Air di Pembibitan Awal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Wagino Wagino ◽  
Sri Murti Tarigan ◽  
Eka Bobby Febrianto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Wet Weight

<p>Global climate exchange especially rainfallspurs the growth of oil palm adapt to environmental conditions, so the development of oil palm plantations requires seeds that are able to adapt well in drought conditions.This study aims to determine whether water stress affects the growth of oil palm seedlings and sees the response of the level of resistance of oil palm seeds to drought stress.This research was carried out in the greenhouse garden experiment Medan STIPAP was conducted from January to June 2018. This study used Non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), which consisted of 3 levels, 3 samples and 3 replications. Parameters to be observed were plant height, stem base diameter, leaf number, root wet weight, root dry weight, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, root volume, root length, stomatal density and number of stomata.The results showed that the difference in giving A1 water (100%) was significantly different from A2 (60%) and A3 (20%) on the parameters of oil palm seedling growth especially for the parameters of plant height, root wet weight, root dry weight, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, root volume, and root length while the base diameter of the stem, number of leaves, stomatal density and number of stomata give no significant effect. Drought stress effected to reduce the growth of stem diameter.</p>

scholarly journals Application of Drip Irrigation on Various Planting Media and Cow Urine in the Main Media of Preliminary Oil Palm Nursery

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
C I Wahyudin ◽  
A S Mahulette ◽  
V L Tanasale ◽  
D A Marasabessy ◽  
N Goo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Wet Weight

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drip irrigation and biological organic fertilizer treatment on oil palm growth. This study used a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. This research consisted of three experiments, namely drip irrigation, planting media composition, and cow urine dose on the growth of oil palm seedlings. There are three levels of drip irrigation, namely 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes. Experiments on the type of planting media composition consisted of two types, namely M1 (ultisol soil + husk charcoal + fern fertilizer) and M2 (ultisol soil + empty bunches + goat manure). The cow urine experiment consisted of three levels, namely 100 ml, 150 ml, 300 ml. The results showed that giving water for 30 minutes gave the best results on stem circumference, plant height increase, plant dry weight increase, plant wet weight increase in oil palm seedlings. M1 media (ultisol soil + husk charcoal + fern fertilizer) had a significant effect on the increase in plant height, wet weight and dry weight of oil palm seedlings. Treatment of 150 ml cow urine liquid fertilizer is sufficient for the needs of oil palm seedlings with a response that is not different from 200 ml of cow urine.

scholarly journals The Growth of FHIA-17 Banana Seedlings with Application of Hijauan Paitan Fertilizer (Titonia diversifolia) and Cow Manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Suswati Suswati ◽  
Asmah Indrawaty ◽  
Rizal Aziz ◽  
Eka Prasaditya Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Growth of FHIA-17 Banana Seedlings with the Application of Hijauan Paitan Fertilizer (Titonia Diversifolia) and Cow Manure. The aim of this study was to obtain data on the growth of FHIA-17 banana seedlings after application of T.diversifolia forage and cow manure. Using a factorial Randomized Block Design (CRD) with two treatment factors. The first factor is the forage dose of T. diversifolia (P) with 5 levels, P0=Control; P1=12.5 g kg-1 planting medium (equivalent to 5 tons ha-1); P2=25 g kg-1 planting medium (equivalent to 10 tons ha-1); P3=37.5 g / kg of planting media (equivalent to 15 tons ha-1); P4=50 g kg-1 of growing media (equivalent to 20 tons ha-1). The second factor is the dose of cow manure (K) with 5 treatment levels namely, K0=Control; P1=12.5 g kg-1 of growing media (equivalent to 5 tons ha-1); K2=25 g kg-1 of growing media (equivalent to 10 tons ha-1); K3= 37.5 g kg-1 of growing media (equivalent to 15 tons ha-1); K4=50 g kg-1 planting medium (equivalent to 20 tons ha-1 and repeated 2 (two) times. Observed parameters were plant height (cm), number of leaves, stem circumference (mm), plant wet weight (g), plant dry weight (g). The results of this study indicate that the application of forage T. diversifolia significantly affected plant height and number of leaves. It’s not real with respect to all observational parameters.

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