QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE COLOR PROXIMITY CRITERIA OF OBJECTS WITH KNOWN SPECTRA
The work is devoted to the problem of comparing objects by color. The following statement of the problem is considered: among the set of objects it is necessary to find such an object, the color of which is most similar to the color of the given object. It is assumed that for each object only its spectrum (transmission, reflection, radiation) is known, which is an exhaustive characteristic of the color of the object. In addition, the spectrum of the radiation source is assumed to be known. The use of standard methods for determining color differences has shown that the problem does not have an unambiguous solution. Two approaches to its solution have been proposed: the first is based on the transition from the spectrum to color spaces with the subsequent calculation of the Euclidean distance, and the second is based on a direct comparison of the spectra as functional dependences of the intensity on the wavelength. Within each of the approaches, two criteria for the "similarity" of objects in color are proposed, and an original approach to assessing the effectiveness of these criteria is proposed. This approach is based on the use of expert assessments of the color proximity of glass samples with known transmission spectra from a standard set. For each sample from the set, experts selected the glass closest in color from the remaining ones, after which a generalized opinion of experts was formed. To obtain an assessment of the quality of each of the criteria, for each of them and for each test glass, the remaining samples were ranked in order of increasing color distance to the given test glass. After that, the results of the criteria were compared with the generalized opinion of experts. To make the comparison result "fuzzy", for each test glass it was proposed to consider a set of five glasses closest in color (for each of the criteria). The resulting estimates of the effectiveness of each of the criteria for a set of 89 glasses are obtained and an approach to the construction of more effective complex criteria is proposed.