scholarly journals Evaluation of demographic attitudes by the eyes of men and women under conditions of fertility deficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-135
Author(s):  
Tamara Rostovskaya ◽  
Oksana Kuchmaeva ◽  
Olga Zolotareva
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Demographic Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Strategic Goal

Applied statistical studies / sample surveys in assessing the demographic behavior of society are not just an urgent scientific and practical task, but make it possible to more fully haracterize the reproductive plans of the population, to identify obstacles to demographic development. The article presents an analysis of the results of a sample survey of the population of a number of regions of Russia, on the basis of which the real demographic needs of the population are revealed, gender correspondences / differences in them are characterized. The assessment of the differences in the views of women and men on the obstacles to the growth of the number of children in the family, as well as the motives that induce to postpone the birth of a child. A number of recommendations are proposed to achieve the strategic goal of increasing the birth rate.

THE RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH ON INFERTILITY IN SOCIOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
B.Zh. Smagambet ◽  
◽  
F.M. Ashirbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual

The article considers the relevance of the study of infertility in sociology. A decrease in the fertility of men and women leads to a reduction in the reproductive capabilities of demographic development. The need for research is due to the fact that infertility in marriage is an urgent problem not only for the individual and the family, but also for society as a whole. The inability of spouses to have children leads to conflicts in the family, social and psychological distress, and an increase in the number of divorces, which is an urgent social problem.

scholarly journals Sexual and Marital Relationship Satisfaction in Parents of Children With Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Kijak
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Family

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of sexual satisfaction and type of relationship between spouses, and then to determine the correlation between these variables and independent variables. These include: disability type of the child, the number of children in the family, and the gender of the parents. The hypothesis was that ‘the level of sexual satisfaction in parents is significantly related to the type of disability possessed by their children’ and similarly it was found that disability type significantly affects the type of relationship between parents. The research was conducted using the Matched Marriage Questionnaire (MMQ) and the Sexual Satisfaction Scale (SSS). The data obtained in the study showed that most spouses experience high and average sexual satisfaction and no particular differences between men and women were observed. The differences appeared when analyzing parents of a child with autism. In this group the results were more diverse in the detailed descriptions of the scale. The results obtained regarding marital relationship satisfaction indicate a not very favorable picture of the relationships of the surveyed subjects.

Determinants of fertility in Russian families

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (6) ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
Kamilya Sakhbetdinova
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Demographic Policy

Competent demographic policy implies an understanding by the state of the economic, social, and demographic processes taking place in society. In earlier Russian and foreign studies, the authors found a number of fertility factors, however, the direction of influence of such determinants could be opposite. Aware of the special influence of sociocultural attitudes and values of the population on the number of children in a family, the author made an attempt to identify the determinants of fertility based on an empirical study of the World Values Survey. Using statistical and econometric methods, models that reflect the determinants of fertility in modern Russia were constructed. This work revealed a positive effect on the birth rate of religiosity, traditional views and the importance of the family for the respondent. Inversely related to the number of children in a family such factors as the level of education of the population and the value of leisure.

scholarly journals GENDER ROLES AND DIMENSIONS OF FAMILY FUNCTIONING AS PREDICTORS OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN MEN AND WOMEN

TEME ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Miljana Spasić Šnele ◽  
Jelisaveta Todorović ◽  
Miroslav Komlenić
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
The Family

Subjective well-being (a positive attitude towards life and positive affectivity) as an important indicator of mental health attracts a lot of attention in the field of positive psychology. For the sake of improving mental health, research was mainly focused on identifying factors related to it. So far, findings indicate there is a need for a better understanding of the characteristics of both individual and family environments.  To that end, the aim of this study was to examine gender differences and what contributes to the subjective well-being of men and women. The study examined gender roles, masculinity and femininity, aspects of family functioning, education and the number of children. The sample included 1417 respondents who are married or in a relationship (586 men, 802 women), and the following questionnaires were used: a shorter versions of the Subjective Well-Being Scale, the Masculinity and Femininity Scale and the Family Functioning Scale, as part of the larger PORPOS2 battery. The results showed that masculinity and femininity, and adequate communication in the family are important indicators of a positive attitude towards the life of both genders. Masculinity and satisfaction with communication play a significant role when it comes to the positive affectivity in both men and women. The level of cohesiveness also plays an important role in the subjective well-being of men, and the number of children is a negative predictor of both dimensions of subjective well-being in women. Based on these results, we can conclude that a better understanding of the subjective well-being of men and women requires a more focused approach, which can be important in both research and psychotherapeutic work.

scholarly journals Institutional Capacity and Control of Legitimate Birth Rate in Siberian Regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-405
Author(s):  
Evgenii Kapoguzov ◽  
Roman Chupin ◽  
Maria Kharlamova
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
National Project ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Target Indicator ◽  
Natural Birth ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Control

The research featured the decline of legitimate birth rate in the context of the transformation that family institution is currently undergoing. According to the Demography National project of the Russian Federation, the key objective of the national demographic policy is to increase the number of children up to 1.7 per woman. The authors believe that it is impossible to achieve the target indicator without revealing the institutional capacity of the so-called traditional family, which has a lower the level of birth control by abortion and contraception. In order to determine the institutional capacity of the national project, the authors estimated the legitimate birth rate and the level of birth control by the population. The methods involved the Coale-Trussell’s model, which is based on the assumption that controlled birth rate deviates from natural birth rate. The study was based on the data about the number of births in 2017. The data were obtained from twelve Siberian regions and included such information as maternal age and legitimacy. The Coale-Trussell’s model revealed a good institutional capacity that can enhance the demographic function of the family and increase the birth rate.

scholarly journals REPRODUCTIVE ATTITUDE OF DAGESTAN PEOPLES: STATE AND TRENDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
E M Zagirova
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Family And Marriage

Reformation of modern Dagestan society has directly affected the sphere of family and marriage. Transformations specific to the family and marriage sphere reflect in the reproductive function of the family and actualize the need to study reproductive processes and factors that have positive and negative influence on the family and family behavior. Ignoring the problems of the family and marriage sphere and deterioration of the principles of reproductive behavior have contributed to negative trends in the family institution. The article deals with reproductive behavior and attitudes of the Dagestan peoples, presents sociological measurement of actual reproductive behavior of mothers, refers to the factors that affect increase and decrease in birth rate, shows changes in the planning of a future family peculiar to modern Dagestan society. The study has revealed various reproductive attitudes peculiar to Dagestan peoples. At the same time, social factors have a huge impact on the process of planning the desired and available number of children, and decrease in the birth rate in modern Dagestan society acquires the status of a socio-cultural problem. Besides, there is a tendency to deterioration of family and marriage values and destruction of the foundations of the traditional family. In the mass consciousness and behavior of the Dagestan peoples, there is orientation toward “having children” during the first years after marriage. However, a certain number of respondents belong to a “career” type of the family, financial and educational status and career are more important for them than the family and family values.

scholarly journals Medico-social and demographical tendencies in forming of reproductive health

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
V. A. Kulavsky ◽  
L. A. Dautova ◽  
Е. V. Kulavskv
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Illegitimate Birth ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Women Groups

In the article the medico-social and demographical tendencies in forming of reproductive health are minutely considered. Among them there are: mass prevalence of little number of children in the family, postponement of the date of the first childs birth, increase of illegitimate birth rate and change of optimal reproductive age coefficients of women groups may be mentioned. Changes of reproductive conducthave the great significance in the organization of obstetric- gynaecological care. Methods of dispensary observation includingpsychological training of married couples for delivery demand perfection. Pregnancy and delivery conducting of women incoming the groups of high risk of maternal and perinatal pathology also expects attention.

Age pattern of fertility in the Sudan

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
World Fertility Survey ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Sample Survey Data ◽  
Children Ever Born

SummaryIn the absence of reliable fertility statistics in the Sudan, estimates are based on census or sample survey data. Methods of analysis are applied which are suitable to the kind and quality of the collected information. This paper uses data provided by the World Fertility Survey of the Sudan. The number of children ever born tabulated by the duration of marriage is used to derive an estimate of the age pattern of fertility. The level of natural fertility is found to be low. However, the calculated crude birth rate is high and consistent with rates calculated by other methods using different data.

The Right to Avoid Procreation and the Regulation of Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Rothmar Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right

This chapter discusses the right to avoid procreation and the regulation of pregnancy from a European perspective. The legal basis for a right to avoid procreation can be said to fall within the scope of several provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), an instrument that is binding for all European countries. Here, Article 12 of the ECHR gives men and women of marriageable age the right to marry and found a family in accordance with the national laws governing this right. However, Article 12 protects some elements of the right not to procreate, but for couples only. The lack of common European consensus in this area highlights how matters relating to the right to decide on the number and spacing of children touch on aspects that differ from country to country even in what could appear to be a homogenous region. In fact, the cultural, moral, and historical milieus that surround these rights differ considerably with diverse national perceptions of the role of the family, gender equality, religious and moral obligations, and so on.

Gender Moderates the Association Between Exposure to Interpersonal Violence and Intermittent Explosive Disorder Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110139
Author(s):  
Lynette C. Krick ◽  
Mitchell E. Berman ◽  
Michael S. McCloskey ◽  
Emil F. Coccaro ◽  
Jennifer R. Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Intermittent Explosive Disorder ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Relationship

Exposure to interpersonal violence (EIV) is a prevalent risk-factor for aggressive behavior; however, it is unclear whether the effect of EIV on clinically significant aggressive behavior is similar across gender. We examined whether gender moderates the association between experiencing and witnessing interpersonal violence and the diagnosis of intermittent explosive disorder (IED). We also examined potential pathways that might differentially account for the association between EIV and IED in men and women, including emotion regulation and social information processing (SIP). Adult men and women ( N = 582), who completed a semistructured clinical interview for syndromal and personality disorders, were classified as healthy controls (HC; n = 118), psychiatric controls (PC; n = 146) or participants with an IED diagnosis ( n = 318). Participants also completed the life history of experienced aggression (LHEA) and life history of witnessed aggression (Lhwa) structured interview and self-report measures of emotion regulation and SIP. Men reported more EIV over the lifetime. In multiple logistic regression analysis, experiencing and witnessing aggression within the family and experiencing aggression outside the family were associated with lifetime IED diagnosis. We found that the relationship between EIV and IED was stronger in women than in men. Affective dysregulation mediated certain forms of EIV, and this relation was observed in both men and women. SIP biases did not mediate the relation between EIV and IED. EIV across the lifespan is a robust risk factor for recurrent, clinically significant aggressive behavior (i.e., IED). However, the relationship between EIV and IED appears to be stronger in women. Further, this relation appears partially mediated by affective dysregulation.

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