scholarly journals Exploring Pharmacy Students’ Techniques in Translating Pharmaceutical Texts from English into Bahasa Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kailani ◽  
Dina Rafidiyah

Translating an L1 (source text) into a target language would be a daunting task and time-consuming work for students who are non-native speakers. It might be more challenging when the L1 text is a discipline specific text. Many words and specific terms are difficult to translate, and often unintended meanings emerge during this translation process. Although there has been considerable research on the translation studies, there has been still little study on how translators cope with the challenges. To fill this void, this case study is aimed to describe techniques employed by students majoring pharmacy in translating direction for use texts from English into Bahasa Indonesia. Adopting Vinay’s and Darbelnet’s (1996) translation methodology, this research is aimed to describe the translation process that students already undertook in order to produce texts that appropriately work in a particular social context. There are four drug brochures taken as samples of analysis. These texts are students’ assignment for the topic of translation.  This is a group work and part of the whole assessment. The study provides detailed and specific examples of how students tackle the challenges of translating discipline specific texts into equivalent languages that are socio-culturally and linguistically acceptable. HIGHLIGHTS: Translating a text is not simply to transfer the meaning of source text into the target text, but it requires the translator to have sufficient discipline specific knowledge. The challenges and problems faced by translators would be different from one another since each discipline specific text requires different strategies.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noezafri Amar

This research was aimed at describing the accuracy level of Google Translate especially in translating English text into Indonesian based on language error analysis and the use of equivalence strategy. The data were collected by taking one paragraph from Johann Gottfried Herder’s Selected Writings on Aesthetics book as the source text. Then they were translated by Google Translate (GT). The data of GT translation were analyzed by comparing them with the measurement instrument of translation equivalence level and elaborating the equivalence strategy of GT. By doing so the language errors were seen thus the accuracy level of GT translation could be described. The result of this research showed that (1) out of 13 source data only 4 or 31% are accurate translation, 7 or 54% are less accurate translation, and 2 or 15% are inaccurate translation. Therefore it is implied that its reliability for accurate level is only 31%. Half of them is less understandable and a few are not understandable. (2) If the appropriate equivalence translation strategy is sufficiently transposition and literal, GT can produce an accurate translation. (3) If the appropriate equivalence translation strategy is combined strategy between transposition and modulation or descriptive, more difficult strategies, GT just produce less accurate translation because it kept using literal and transposition strategies. (4) But if the appropriate equivalence translation strategy is only modulation, GT just produce inaccurate translation which is not understandable because it can only use transposition strategy. Even if the appropriate equivalence translation strategy is just a transposition strategy, in one case, GT failed to translate and it produced inaccurate translation because its strategy is only literal. In conclusion, especially in this case study, Google Translate can only translate English source text into Indonesian correctly if the appropriate equivalence translation strategy is just literal or transposition.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat keakuratan Google Translate khususnya dalam menerjemahkan teks berbahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia berdasarkan analisis kesalahan bahasa dan penggunaan strategi pemadanan. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengambil satu paragraf dari buku Johann Gottfried Herder yang berjudul ‘Selected Writings on Aesthetics’ sebagai teks sumber. Kemudian data tersebut diterjemahkan oleh Google Translate (GT). Data terjemahan GT itu dianalisis dengan cara membandingkannya dengan instrumen pengukur tingkat kesepadanan terjemahan dan menjelaskan strategi pemadanan yang digunakan. Dengan melakukan hal tersebut kesalahan bahasanya dapat terlihat sehingga tingkat keakuratan terjemahan GT dapat dideskripsikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Dari 13 data sumber hanya 4 data atau 31% yang merupakan terjemahan akurat, 7 data atau 54% merupakan terjemahan yang kurang akurat, dan 2 data atau 15% merupakan terjemahan tidak akurat. Dengan demikian tingkat kehandalannya sampai pada tingkat akurat hanya sebesar 31% saja. Sementara sekitar setengahnya lagi kurang dapat dipahami. Sedangkan sisanya tidak bisa dipahami. (2) Apabila strategi pemadanan yang seharusnya dipakai cukup transposisi dan terjemahan literal saja ternyata GT mampu menghasilkan terjemahan yang akurat. (3) Apabila strategi yang harus dipakai adalah strategi kombinasi antara transposisi dan modulasi atau deskriptif, strategi yang lebih sulit, GT hanya mampu menghasilkan terjemahan yang kurang akurat karena tetap menggunakan strategi penerjemahan literal dan transposisi saja. (4) Tetapi apabila strategi yang seharusnya dipakai hanya strategi modulasi saja GT hanya menghasilkan terjemahan tidak akurat, yang tidak bisa dipahami karena hanya mampu memakai strategi transposisi saja. Bahkan jika seharusnya strategi yang dipakai adalah sekedar transposisi, pada satu kasus, GT ternyata gagal menerjemahkan dan menghasilkan terjemahan tidak akurat karena strategi yang dipakainya adalah penerjemahan literal. Sebagai simpulan, khususnya dalam studi kasus ini, Google Translate hanya mampu menerjemahkan teks sumber berbahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia secara akurat jika strategi pemadanannya yang sesuai hanya sekedar literal atau transposisi.


HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Made Dwi Ratna Komala ◽  
Made Ratna Dian Aryani ◽  
Renny Anggraeny

The title of this research is “Method and Procedure of Translation used in Anime Quotes from Japanese to Indonesia at Official Account LINE Bahasa Jepang Bersama”. The purpose of the research is to identify the types of technique, procedure, and method of translation applied in translating anime quotes. Theories used in this research are the theory of translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir (2002), the procedure of translation by Vinay and Darbelnet (1995), and the translation methods by Newmark (1988). The research data was analyzed by translational equivalence method and glossing. The result of the data analysis indicates that there are several translation techniques applied, they are literal translation, amplification, modulation, linguistic amplification,established equivalence, reduction, and transposition. The most found translation technique is literal translation because its aim is to produce a translation that stick to the originality of the language source text content and form. Then, there are procedures of translation applied, they are literal translation, transposition, and modulation. Thereafter for the method of translation applied they are literal translation, free translation, communicative translation, and idiomatic translation. The most found translation method is free translation because its aim is to produce a translation that fit to the need of target language readers. The translation methods applied tend to be oriented towards the target language.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
Bogusława Whyatt

Abstract This article tackles directionality as one of the most contentious issues in translation studies, still without solid empirical footing. The research presented here shows that, to understand directionality effects on the process of translation and its end product, performance in L2 → L1 and L1 → L2 translation needs to be compared in a specific setting in which more factors than directionality are considered—especially text type. For 26 professional translators who participated in an experimental study, L1 → L2 translation did not take significantly more time than L2 → L1 translation and the end products of both needed improvement from proofreaders who are native speakers of the target language. A close analysis of corrections made by the proofreaders shows that different aspects of translation quality are affected by directionality. A case study of two translators who produced high quality L1 → L2 translations reveals that their performance was affected more by text type than by directionality.


1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Sajarwa Sajarwa

Transfer of message in the translation process is always characterized by the difference of culture in the source language and the target language. Language, as a part of culture, affects the speaker mind including translator. Text of French literature (as source text, ST) and text of Indonesian literature (as target text, TT) could be an example of difference in mindset of French people as writer of French literature and Indonesian people as translator. The study results showed the differences in the mindset throught analyzes of (i) Active-Passive Construction of French pronoun on and passive di-, (ii) dominantly pronoun as means of topics continuity in French and repetition in Indonesian, and (iii) the difference ofinformational arrangement looked in impersonal construction of French with pattern of IL+IB and IB+IL in Indonesian.


Author(s):  
Dhini Aulia

Translation is a process to render the meaning from the source text into the target text. A translator, however, will find some problems during translation process. Equivalence is the case which often appears (i.e. culture specific concept, the source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language, source-language word is semantically complex, etc). To cope with equivalnce problems in translation process, some experts suggest some strategies which can be applied in doing translation. Some strategies are transference, naturalization, cultural equivalent, etc. The strategies which often appears in the example texts in this paper are transference, naturalization, descriptive equivalent, couplet and  through-translation. It is recomended that translator apply the strategies if only there is no equivalence problem in target language. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Wentao Guo

Children’s literature occupies a peripheral position in literature system according to the polysystem theory so that the translators of children’s literature can manipulate the texts with great liberty. The translator of children’s literature in the ternary relation of translation, namely the source texts, the translator and the target text, is in a relatively important position. Thus, it is a feasible way to analyze the translation of children’s literature from the translator-centered perspective. Eco-translatology is a translator-centered translation theory, aiming to analyze how the translator selects and adapts during the translation process in the translational eco-environment. In this paper, the author will adopt Eco-translatology as the translation framework to analyze the translation of children’s literature, and try to explore how ‘children’, an important factor in the translational eco-environment, influences the translator’s selection and adaptation in the process of translating children’s literature. Furthermore, the author will take Peter Pan as a case study, comparing two Chinese versions of this book to analyze how the two translators adapt and select differently from those three dimensions during the translation process, as one follows the target-reader-oriented strategy and the other one follows the source-text-oriented strategy.


Author(s):  
Dominador L. Pagliawan

Over the years, translation practice has constantly faced numerous challenges and demands. Among these is the necessity for the translator to stay faithful to the source text in transporting meanings to the target language. In actual practice, though, fidelity in translation proves rather remote, even close to impossible. Try as they do, translators fail to achieve precision in their translation tasks. Yet the translation practice remains needful and relevant. Viewing this seeming failure from the deconstructive critical lens in an attempt to salvage translation, this paper theorized and found out that the latter is rightly a form of deconstruction rather than a product of infidelity. This shows in various translation procedures which, when subjected to closer scrutiny, eventually manifest their deconstructive nature. This study, then, contributes insights into the increasing corpus of theories that govern the translation process. 


Author(s):  
Rusdi Noor Rosa ◽  
T. Silvana Sinar ◽  
Zubaidah Ibrahim-Bell ◽  
Eddy Setia

Translation as a process of meaning making activity requires a cognitive process one of which is realized in a pause, a temporary stop or a break indicating doing other than typing activities in a certain period of translation process. Scholars agree that pauses are an indicator of cognitive process without which there will never be any translation practices. Despite such agreement, pauses are debatable as well, either in terms of their length or in terms of the activities managed by a translator while taking pauses. This study, in particular, aims at finding out how student translators and professional translators managed the pauses in a translation process. This was a descriptive research taking two student translators and two professional translators as the participants who were asked to translate a text from English into bahasa Indonesia. The source text (ST) was a historical recount text entitled ‘Early History of Yellowstone National Park’ downloaded from http://www.nezperce.com/yelpark9.html composed of 230-word long from English into bahasa Indonesia. The data were collected using Translog protocols, think aloud protocols (TAPs) and screen recording. Based on the data analysis, it was found that student translators took the longest pauses in the drafting phase spent to solve the problems related to finding out the right equivalent for the ST words or terms and to solve the difficulties encountered in encoding their ST understanding in the TL; meanwhile, professional translators took the longest pauses in the pos-drafting phase spent to ensure whether their TT had been natural and whether their TT had corresponded to the prevailing grammatical rules of the TL. 


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Vahid Rafieyan

<p>In order for the translator to be able to translate the source text into the target language in a relevant way, the strata of the translated text through which relevance can be obtained (pragmatic, pragmatic-semantic, and semantic strata) should be equalized to that of the source text (Li &amp; Luo, 2004). The translator can achieve this by raising his/her awareness of the source and target language pragmatic perspectives. To investigate the actual effect of developing knowledge of pragmatic perspectives of the source language and the target language on the quality of translation of culture-bound texts, the current study was conducted on 64 Iranian undergraduate students of English translation. The study consisted of three phases: 1) administering a culture-bound text to be translated by all participants, 2) dividing participants into two groups: one merely receiving translation exercises while the other receiving metapragmatic discussions of the pragmatic perspectives of the source language along with translation exercises, and 3) assessing the translation quality of both groups immediately and two months following the treatment. The study revealed the significant positive effect of pragmatic instruction on improving the quality of translation of culture-bound texts and maintaining the obtained knowledge. The pedagogical implications of the findings suggested incorporating the pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic perspectives of the source language and their distinctions with the pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic perspectives of the target language into translation classes as an integral part of translation classes.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Ismail Yusuf Panessai ◽  
Dedy Iskandar ◽  
Afriani ◽  
Pratiwi ◽  
Eddy Effendi

Penerjemahan berperanan penting dalam sebuah komunikasi. Penerjemahan adalah serangkaian tindakan analitis terhadap teks sumber (TSu) untuk dialihbahasakan kedalam teks sasaran (TSa) yang sepadan sehingga menghasilkan terjemahan yang baik dan dapat di mengerti oleh pembaca. Penerjemahan tidak hanya sekedar mengubah kata, tetapi juga mentransfer kesepadanan budaya dengan budaya bahasa TSu dan penerima bahasa tersebut dengan sebaik-baiknya. Salah satu naskah yang selalu menggunakan proses penerjemahan adalah adalah abstrak. Abstrak bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran umum tentang isi sebuah tulisan karya ilmiah. Karya ilmiah ini merupakan studi kasus penerjemahan abstrak artikel yang diterbitkan di International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJAI) pada Terbitan 6(1) tahun 2019. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses penerjemahan yang dilakukan pada teks sumber (TSu) ke dalam teks sasaran (TSa) untuk menghasilkan terjemahan yang sepadan dan juga metode atau teknik yang muncul dalam penerjemahan teks sumber (TSu) kedalam teks sasaran (TSa). Dari penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam proses penerjemahan yang dilakukan pada teks sumber (TSu) ke dalam teks sasaran (TSa) harus mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang terkandung di dalam teks tersebut agar mendapatkan hasil terjemahan yang sepadan dan dapat difahami dengan baik oleh pembaca. Faktor utama yang sangat mendukung adalah bahwa penerjemah harus mengetahui istilah-istilah dalam TSu dan memahami penggunaan istilah tersebut sehingga penerjemah bisa dengan mudah menerjemahkan naskah TSu ke dalam TSa. Selain itu, teknik penerjemahan yang banyak digunakan dalam kedua naskah adalah teknik transposisi, teknik meminjam kata baik murni maupun dengan perubahan serta teknik adaptasi dan calque.   Analysis of Translation Techniques in the journal abstract of IJAI 6(1) Abstract: Translation plays an important role in communication. Translation is a series of analytical actions on the source text (TSU) to be translated into equivalent target text (TSA) so as to produce a good translation and can be understood by the reader. Translation does not just change the word, but also transfers the cultural correspondence to the culture of the TSu language and its recipient as best as possible. One of the texts that always uses the translation process is an abstract. Abstract aims to provide an overview of the contents of a scientific paper. This scientific work is a case study of translating article abstracts published in the International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJAI) in Issue 6 (1) in 2019. The purpose of this research is to describe the translation process carried out on the source text (TSu) into the target text (TSa) to produce an equivalent translation and also the methods or techniques that appear in the translation of the source text (TSu) into the target text (TSa). From the research conducted, it can be concluded that in the translation process carried out on the source text (TSu) into the target text (TSa) must consider the factors contained in the text in order to get a translation result that is equivalent and can be well understood by readers. The main factor that is very supportive is that the translator must know the terms in TSu and understand the use of these terms so that the translator can easily translate the TSu script into TSa. In addition, the translation techniques that are widely used in the two texts are transposition techniques, techniques for borrowing words both pure and with changes as well as adaptation and calque techniques. Keywords: Abstract, Translation Technique, Journal, TSu ≈ TSa.


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