Respon Pemberian Paclobutrazol pada Beberapa Varietas Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) di Lahan Sawah Sesudah Padi

Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) merupakan penghasil serat alam yang digunakan untuk bahan baku tekstil. Pengembangan kapas diarahkan ke lahan-lahan marginal, walaupun sebagian ada yang ditanam pada sawah sesudah padi. Tingkat produktivitas serat kapas, saat ini masih rendah sekitar 0,8 sampai dengan 1 ton per hektar. Usaha peningkatan produksi kapas antara lain dengan pemberian zat stimulan (paclobutrazol), teruta-ma untuk memacu pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif seperti tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah bu-nga, dan jumlah buah. Kedua komponen tersebut menjadi penentu hasil serat. Paclobutrazol adalah zat stimu-lan bagi tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumberrejo, Bojonegoro pada bulan Mei sam-pai dengan Oktober 2010, pada lahan sawah sesudah padi. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial dengan meng-gunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang diulang sebanyak empat kali. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah 4 varietas kapas yang terdiri atas 1) Kanesia 8, 2) Kanesia 13, 3) Kanesia 14, dan 4) Kanesia 15. Faktor kedua adalah pemberian paclobutrazol melalui penyemprotan pada tanaman dengan dosis: a) 0; b) 1,50 l/ha diberikan sekali pada umur 60 hari; dan c) 1,50 l/ha diberikan dua kali umur 60 hari dan 75 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapas varietas Kanesia 8 dan 13 yang ditanam di lahan sawah sesudah padi mempunyai pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif optimal, kemudian disusul dengan Kanesia 13, Kanesia 14, dan Ka-nesia 15. Paclobutrazol yang disemprotkan pada tanaman kapas, tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan baik vegetatif maupun generatif. Hasil kapas berbiji untuk varietas kapas Kanesia 8 dan Kanesia 13 sama, masing-masing sebesar 1.643 kg/ha dan 1.686 kg/ha. Cotton is a natural fibre crop for some textile raw material. The development of cotton is directed mainly to marginal lands, although few of it is planted in paddy fields after rice harvested. The productivity level of cotton fibre, is still low, about 0.8 to 1 ton per hectare. Effort to increase cotton production is done through the application of growth regulator aiming at enhancing to the growth of plant height, number of branches, number of flower, and boll. These components are fibre determinans. Research conducted at Sumberrejo Ex-perimental Garden, Bojonegoro from May to October 2010, in paddy fields after rice harvested. Factorial treat-ment arranged using randomized block design repeated four times. The first factor consisting of four cotton varieties: 1) Kanesia 8, 2) Kanesia 13, 3) Kanesia 14, and 4) Kanesia 15. The second factor is application of pa-clobutrazol by spraying the plants with usage of: a) 0, b) 1.50 l/ha given once at age 60 days, and c) 1.50 l/ ha given twice at the age of 60 days and 75 days. The research showed that Kanesia 8 and Kanesia 13 varie-ties gave optimum vegetative and generative growth followed with Kanesia 13, Kanesia 14, and Kanesia 15. Paclobutrazol did not contribute significant effect on the growth of both vegetative and generative of cotton. The productivity of seed cotton of Kanesia 8 and Kanesia 13, 1,643 kg/ha and 1,686 kg/ha, respectively.

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Inheritance Pattern and Association of Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for Sustainable Breeding Goal

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2019/v33i530135 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Saira Sattar ◽

Bilal Nawaz ◽

Muhammad Ishaq ◽

Razia Sultana ◽

Bilal Bashir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Plant Height ◽

Textile Industry ◽

Block Design ◽

Raw Material ◽

Inheritance Pattern ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽

F2 Population ◽

Boll Weight ◽

Effective Selection

Background: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most important fiber crop of the world and commonly known as white gold. It plays an important role in the economy of Pakistan. It provides raw material to the local textile industry and generates considerable amount of foreign exchange. The yield of cotton is lower in Pakistan. Knowledge of association among different traits is important for the development of cultivars with better yield and quality characters. Materials and Methods: In this research, two parents (PB-38 and Jambo Okra) and their crosses sown in randomized complete block design with three replications to sort out best performing genotypes for these profitable traits (plant height, number of sympodial branches, number of monopodial branches, leaf type, boll size, boll shape, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, ginning out turn, 100 seed weight and seed cotton yield). Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that parental and their F2 population showed significant differences for all the observed traits. Correlation and inheritance pattern of all characters provides information of association among all traits and percentage of inheritable attributes. Conclusions: The association and inheritance pattern study provide us useful information for effective selection and sustainable breeding programs. Heritability estimations revealed that heritability of traits fluctuate as following order; monopodial branches> ginning outturn>boll weight>sympodial branches>plant height>yield>number of bolls plant-1 with heritable percentages 99%, 90%, 89%, 64%, 60%, 60% and 55% respectively.

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IRRIGAÇÃO SUPLEMENTAR DO ALGODOEIRO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA TRATADA: ANÁLISES BIOMÉTRICAS E PRODUÇÃO DE BIOMASSA

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2020v25n4p683-688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 683-688

Author(s):

Antonio Flavio Batista De Araujo ◽

Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda ◽

Eduardo Santos Cavalcante ◽

Jonnathan Richeds da Silva Sales ◽

Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Block Design ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Supplementary Irrigation ◽

Historical Series ◽

Cotton Plants ◽

E Mail

IRRIGAÇÃO SUPLEMENTAR DO ALGODOEIRO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA TRATADA: ANÁLISES BIOMÉTRICAS E PRODUÇÃO DE BIOMASSA ANTONIO FLAVIO BATISTA DE ARAUJO1; CLAUDIVAN FEITOSA DE LACERDA2; EDUARDO SANTOS CAVALCANTE3; JONNATHAN RICHEDS DA SILVA SALES4; RAIMUNDO NONATO TÁVORA COSTA5 E FERNANDO BEZERRA LOPES6. 1Doutorando, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFC, Av. Mister Hull 2977, Bloco 804, Campus do Picí, 60450-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]. 2Professor Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFC, Av. Mister Hull 2977, Bloco 804, Campus do Picí, 60450-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]. 3Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFC, Av. Mister Hull 2977, Bloco 804, Campus do Picí, 60450-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]. 4Mestrando Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFC, Av. Mister Hull 2977, Bloco 804, Campus do Picí, 60450-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, e-mail: jonnathanagro@gmail,com. 5Professor Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, U.F.C, Av. Mister Hull 2977, Bloco 804, Campus do Picí, 60450-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]. 6Professor Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, U.F.C, Av. Mister Hull 2977, Bloco 804, Campus do Picí, 60450-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]. 1 RESUMO O uso das águas residuárias tratadas em lagoas de estabilização na irrigação suplementar, desponta como uma estratégia para incrementar a produção agrícola de forma sustentável durante a estação das chuvas, eliminando, pelo menos parcialmente, as perdas associadas aos veranicos. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os impactos da irrigação suplementar do algodoeiro, sem e com adubação química com NPK, e simulando-se as condições de umidade do solo baseada em uma série histórica de dados de precipitação dos últimos 30 anos para a região do Baixo Jaguaribe-CE, considerando-se cenários normais, seca e seca severa. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no município de Russas – CE, em uma área vizinha à lagoa de estabilização da CAGECE. O ensaio foi instalado em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com arranjo dos tratamentos em parcelas subsubdivididas, com quatro repetições. Os resultados mostram impactos de cenários hídricos e da suplementação sobre a maioria das variáveis de crescimento das plantas de algodoeiro. A irrigação suplementar com águas residuárias incrementa a produção de biomassa e o vigor das plantas de algodão durante a fase inicial de desenvolvimento, independente da presença ou ausência da adubação com NPK. Esses efeitos foram significativos especialmente nos cenários de seca e seca severa. Palavras-chave: Gossypium hirsutum L, reuso de água, Irrigação. ARAUJO, A. F. B.; LACERDA, C. F.; CAVALCANTE, E. S.; SALES, J. R. S.; COSTA, R. N. T.; LOPES, F. B. SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION OF COTTON WITH TREATED WASTEWATER: BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION 2 ABSTRACT The use of treated wastewater in stabilization ponds for supplementary irrigation emerges as a strategy to increase agricultural production sustainably during the rainy season, eliminating, at least partially, the losses associated with summer. In this context, this work evaluated the impacts of supplementary cotton irrigation, without and with chemical fertilization with NPK, on soil moisture conditions based on a historical series of precipitation data for the last 30 years for the region of Baixo Jaguaribe-CE, considering normal scenarios, drought and severe drought. The research was conducted in the municipality of Russas - CE, in an area adjacent to the CAGECE stabilization pond. The trial was installed in a randomized block design, with the treatments arranged in sub-divided plots, with four replications. The results show impacts of water scenarios and supplementation on most growth variables of cotton plants. Supplementary irrigation with wastewater increases the production of biomass and the vigor of cotton plants during the initial stage of development, regardless of the presence or absence of NPK fertilization. These effects were significant, especially in drought and severe drought scenarios. Keywords: Gossypium hirsutum L, wastewater, irrigation.

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Pertumbuhan, Produktivitas dan Hasil Hablur Klon Tebu Masak Awal-Tengah di Tanah Inceptisol

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v46i2.17088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 208 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Supriyadi , ◽

Ahmad Dhiaul Khuluq ◽

Dan Djumali

Keyword(s):

Sugar Cane ◽

Sugar Industry ◽

Block Design ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

Raw Material ◽

Dry Land ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Sugar cane is a strategic commodity for the Indonesian government as raw material for the national sugar industry. Cultivation of sugar cane has been shifted to dry areas dominated by Inceptisol, Vertisol, and Ultisol soil. These conditions require certain clones to obtain high sugar yield. New improved varieties have been developed and 8 early-mid maturiting clones have been obtained. The study was aimed to evaluate and obtain earty-mid maturing clones with higher sugar yield than the existing varieties in dry land of Inceptisol soil. The study was conducted at the Karangploso Experimental Station, Malang from July 2015 to September 2016. The study was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consistsed of eight clones of early to mid maturing sugarcane clones and one control variety (Kenthung). The eight clones were (1) PS 04 117, (2) PS 04 259, (3) PS 04 129, (4) PS 05 258, (5) PS 06 391, (6) PS 06 370, (7) PS 06 188, and (8) JR 01. The results showed that three clones (PS 06 188, PS 05 258 and JR 01) produced higher sugar yield (10.45-11.88 ton ha-1), and the other clones showewd lower sugar yield (6.55-9.37 ton ha-1) than that of Kenthung variety (9.16 ton ha-1).PS 06 188 and PS 05 258 clones obtained the highest sugar yield of 11.88 and 11.49 ton ha-1, respectively. Keywords: dry land, performance, Saccharum officinarum, sugar content, variety

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Degradation Level and Wetland Rice Rehabilitation Effort in Medan Krio Village Sunggal District Deli Serdang

International Journal of Ecophysiology ◽

10.32734/ijoep.v2i1.3988 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 48-54

Author(s):

Mhd Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Paddy Field ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Bulk Density ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Organic Content ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Effective Depth ◽

Properties Of Soil

The purposes of this research are to know the level of paddy field degradation, mapping level of paddy field degradation and analyze effort of paddy field rehabilitation in Beringin Subdistrict of Deli Serdang Regency of North Sumatera Indonesia to increase rice productivity. This research was conducted in Medan Krio Village, District Sunggal Regency Deli Serdang of North Sumatera. The study was conducted in March to July 2017. This research used nonfactorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 levels organic dosage treatment of Compost Waste City, i.e: B0: Control, B1: Dose 1.5% (36,00 ton/ha), B2: Dose 3% (72,00 ton/ha), B3: Dose 4.5% (108,00 ton/ha), B4: Dose 6% (144,0 ton/ha). The parameters that will be analyzed are the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in paddy fields. The result showed, treatment with Dose 6% (B4) can (1) improve physical properties of soil Bulk Density, Porosity and the effective depth of soil; (2) increase the C-organic content, N-Total levels of P-Available, CEC soil, and low C/N Ratio; (3) increase Soil organic matter and total Microbes. So, Treatment Dose 6% (B4) of compost waste city gives the best effect to the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in paddy fields

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SKRINING GALUR KAPAS (Gossypium hirsutum L.) TOLERAN TERHADAP KEKERINGAN DENGAN PEG-6000 PADA FASE KECAMBAH

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v19n3.2013.139-146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SIWI SUMARTINI ◽

EMY SULISTYOWATI ◽

SRI MULYANI ◽

ABDURRAKHMAN ABDURRAKHMAN

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Root Length ◽

Arable Land ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Root Weight ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽

Drought Susceptibility Index ◽

Peg 6000 ◽

Susceptibility Index

ABSTRAK Daerah pengembangan kapas di Indonesia umumnya lahan kering dengan keterbatasan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur- galur kapas toleran kekeringan menggunakan PEG-6000 pada fase kecambah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengujian Benih Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat, mulai bulan April sampai Juni 2012. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan Petak Terbagi dan diulang dua kali. Petak utama adalah perlakuan PEG-6000 (-3 bar) dan tanpa PEG- 6000 (air), sedangkan anak petak adalah 13 galur kapas dan varietas Kanesia 14. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari lima pot masing-masing ditanam sepuluh biji. Benih kapas dicampur dengan fungisida Mancozeb 80% 2 g/kg benih sebelum ditanam. Parameter pengamatan meliputi daya berkecambah, panjang kecambah dan akar, bobot kecambah dan akar, rasio panjang akar/kecambah, serta indeks kerentanan terhadap kekeringan. Kecambah dihitung sebagai kecambah normal jika panjang lebih dari 0,5 cm. Perlakuan PEG-6000 berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap penurunan daya berkecambah, panjang kecambah dan akar, serta bobot kecambah dan akar. Sebaliknya, rasio panjang akar/kecambah lebih tinggi pada perlakuan PEG-6000 dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa PEG- 6000. Respon ketahanan galur kapas yang dihitung dengan indeks kerentanan kekeringan berbeda pada masing-masing parameter yang diamati. Dari nilai rata-rata indeks kerentanan kekeringan semua parameter, tidak ada galur yang tahan terhadap kekeringan (S<0,50). Terdapat delapan galur yang agak tahan kekeringan (0,50<S<1,0) dan lebih tahan dibandingkan dengan Kanesia 14, yaitu 03002/12, 03006/1, 03008/7, 03008/24, 03012/17, 03014/12, 03017/13, dan 03017/15. Kata kunci: Gossypium hirsutum L., tahan kekeringan, PEG-6000, perkecambahan, galurABSTRACT Cotton production areas in Indonesia are arable land with lack of water availability. The aim of this study was to obtain cotton lines tolerant to drought using PEG-6000 at germination stage. The experiment was conducted at the Seed Testing Laboratory in Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute, from April to June 2012. Treatments were arranged in a Split Plots design with two replications. The main plot was PEG-6000 (-3 bar) and without PEG-6000 (water), while the subplot was 13 cotton lines and Kanesia 14 variety. Seed cotton was treated with 80% Mancozeb fungicide dose of 2g/kg seed before sowing. Parameters observed were germination percentage, shoot and root length, shoot and root weight, ratio of root/shoot length, and drought susceptibility index. Seedling was counted as normal if its length more than 0.5 cm. PEG-6000 treatment gives very significant effect on the decline on seed germination, shoot and root length, shoot and root weight. Otherwise, ratio of root/shoot length was higher in the PEG-6000 than without PEG-6000 treatment. Response of cotton lines to drought which calculated with a drought susceptibility index were different among parameter observed. Mean drought susceptibility index of all parameters showed that none of cotton line tolerant to drought (S < 0,50) was achieved from the study. There were eight moderately drought-resistant lines (0, 50 < S < 1,0) achieved namely 03002/12, 03006/1, 03008/7, 03008/24, 03012/17, 03014/12, 03017/13, and 03017/15 which more resistance than Kanesia 14. Key words: Gossypium hirsutum L., drought tolerant, PEG-6000, germination, lines

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Potensi Pengembangan Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw)di Lahan Terdegradasi

Perspektif ◽

10.21082/p.v14n2.2015.87-101 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 87 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

DIBYO PRANOWO ◽

MAMAN HERMAN ◽

. SYAFARUDDIN

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Economic Value ◽

Raw Material ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Degraded Land ◽

Marginal Lands ◽

Productivity Level ◽

Oil Crops ◽

Energy Needs ◽

Alternative Sources

ABSTRAK Kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman penghasil minyak nabati yang memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber bahan baku untuk biodiesel. Tingkat produktivitas yang dapat mencapai 8-9 ton minyak kasar atau setara dengan 6-8 ton biodiesel/ha/tahun memiliki nilai strategis terkait dengan program pemerintah dalam mencari alternatif sumber energi baru yang terbarukan. Pengembangan sumber energi terbarukan seperti yang berasal dari minyak nabati kemiri sunan merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam upaya memenuhi defisit energi untuk keperluan domestik sehingga Indonesia dapat keluar dari himpitan krisis energi. Lahan-lahan yang telah terdegradasi di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun luasnya semakin bertambah baik karena faktor alam maupun karena eksploitasi yang tidak terkendali. Disisi lain pengembangan tanaman sumber BBN terkendala karena keterbatasan lahan. Kajian yang telah dilakukan secara intensif terhadap karakteristik tanaman, minyak dan biodiesel yang dihasilkannya, serta daya adaptasinya yang sangat luas terhadap beragam agroekosistem yang ada di Indonesia, tanaman kemiri sunan memberikan harapan yang baik disamping sebagai sumber bahan baku biodiesel, juga dapat berfungsi sebagai tanaman konservasi untuk mereklamasi lahan-lahan marginal yang telah terdegradasi. Disamping itu, pengembangan tanaman kemiri sunan di lahan yang telah terdegradasi tidak hanya akan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi lahan tersebut, tetapi juga dapat dijadikan tanaman yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi, serta mampu menyediakan kebutuhan energi bagi masyarakat sekitar maupun ke wilayah yang lebih luas. Kata kunci: Kemiri sunan, biodiesel, energi baru terbarukan, lahan terdegradasi, lahan bekas tambang. ABSTRACTThe Multiple Benefits of Developing Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) In Degraded Land Kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) is one kind of vegetable oil crops that have great potential as a source of raw material for biodiesel. The productivity level that can reach 8-9 tons of crude oil, equivalent to 6-8 tons of biodiesel/ha/year make as a strategic commodity associated with government programs to find alternative sources of renewable energy. Development of renewable energy such as from vegetable oils of kemiri sunan is one of the alternatives in an effort to solve the deficit of energy for domestic use so that Indonesia can way out of the crush of the energy crisis. Lands that have been degraded in Indonesia continuously increasing both cause of the extent of natural factors and uncontrolled exploitation. On the other hand the development of this plants retricted by aviability of land. The research88 Volume 14 Nomor 2, Des 2015 : 87 - 101 studies have been conducted on the characteristics of plants, oil and biodiesel production, and adaptability in very broadly of Indonesian agro-ecosystem, this plant show well hopes besides as a source of raw material for biodiesel, it can also function as a conservation plant to reclaim marginal lands that have been degraded. In addition, the development of kemiri sunan on degraded land will not only be able to increase the economic value of the land, but also can be used as crops of high economic value, and able to provide for the energy needs of the surrounding communities and to the wider region. Keywords: Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw, biodiesel, renewable energy, degraded land, post mained land.

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RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI MERAH TERHADAP BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI GARAM PADA INCEPTISOL JATINANGOR

Composite: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.37577/composite.v3i01.299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ibnu Rizki Perdana ◽

Mieke Rochimi S ◽

Pujawati Suryatmana

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Economic Value ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

Marginal Lands ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Saline Land

Chili (Capsicum annum L) was one of the vegetable commodities that have a significant economic value. Farmland narrowed due to land conversion led to a shift of fertile agricultural lands into marginal lands such as saline land. This research aimed to determine respond of chili plant growth to salinity stress in Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted in August-October 2020 with located at Ciparanje Experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. This research used randomized block design using four level treatment of NaCl concentration: 0 dS/m (a0), 2 dS/m (a1), 4 dS/m (a2), and 6 dS/m (a3). The result showed that there was no significant between treatment soil salinization of plant growth parameters like plant height and shoot root ratio but significant of number of leaves at 7 day after plant and canopy width at 28 day after plant on treatment salinization 6 dS/m.

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KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI KAPAS TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP DAUN Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA)

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.81-87 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽

SIWI SUMARTINI ◽

B. HELIYANTO B. HELIYANTO

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Mental Problems ◽

Moderately Resistant

ABSTRAK Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) adalah serangga hama pengisap daun yang sangat potensial menurunkan produktivitas kapas. Pengendaliannya secara kimiawi menimbulkan banyak masalah lingkungan, seperti pencemaran dan peningkatan resistensi hama terhadap insektisida kimia sintetis. Salah satu solusi dalam masalah tersebut adalah penggunaan varietas tahan (resisten) yang juga merupakan bagian dari pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) pada kapas. Penelitian ketahanan beberapa aksesi kapas terhadap A. biguttula (Ishida) dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, mulai Januari hingga Desember 2006. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui ketahanan beberapa aksesi kapas terhadap serangan hama pengisap daun, A. biguttula. Sebagai perlakuan adalah 30 aksesi kapas yang ditanam dalam plot berukuran 10 m x 3 m, dengan jarak tanam 100 cm x 25 cm, satu tanaman per lobang. Setiap aksesi disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah nimfa A. biguttula per daun, jumlah bulu daun per cm 2 luas daun, dan posisi bulu terhadap lamina (tegak/rebah), serta skor kerusakan tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap aksesi kapas berpotensi terserang A. biguttula, meskipun tingkat populasi hama ini tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antar aksesi. Terjadi korelasi negatif (R 2 = 0,2425) antara jumlah bulu daun dan populasi nimfa A. biguttula dan antara jumlah bulu daun dan skor kerusakan tanaman (R 2 = 0,2027). Berdasarkan jumlah bulu daun, aksesi kapas yang termasuk kategori sedikit berbulu dengan kriteria ketahanan sedikit tahan adalah: AC 134, Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8, dan Kanesia 9. Sedangkan aksesi lainnya termasuk kategori tidak berbulu dan peka terhadap serangan A. biguttula. Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, aksesi, hama, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida), toleran, peka, kerusakan, Jawa Timur ABSTRACT Resistance of several cotton accessions to sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) is a sucking insect pest which potentially reduces cotton productivity. Its chemical control often cause environ- mental problems mainly air pollution and increase of pest resistance to certain chemical insecticides. One solution can be used to solve these problems is by using resistant variety that is also an integral part of the integrated pest management (IPM). Study on the resistance of several cotton accessions to sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) in Asembagus, Situbondo, East Java, from January to December 2006. The objective of the study was to find out the resistance of cotton accessions to sucking insect pest. Thirty accessions of cotton were used as treatment and were planted in plots 10 m x 3 m with plant spacing 100 cm x 25 cm, one plant per hole. Each accession was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Parameters observed were number of nymph of A. biguttula, number of leaf hair, leaf hairs position (erect or lie down), and score of damage. The result showed that every accession of cotton can be attacked by A. biguttula although the insect population was not significantly different among accessions. There is negative correlation (R 2 = 0.2425) between number of leaf hair and population of A. biguttula and between number of leaf hair and score of plant damage (R 2 = 0.2027). Accessions that categorized as lightly hairy and moderately resistant to A. biguttula were AC 134, Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8, and Kanesia 9, while the others were categorized as glabrous and susceptible to the sucking pest. Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, accession, insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida), tolerant, sensitive, damage, East Jav

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The Effect of Freeze Dried Lactobacillus acidophilus Culture Concentration an Microbiological and Organoleptic Characteristics of Synbiotic Biscuits Made From Sorghum Flour and Soybean Flour

Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture ◽

10.24198/jiita.v1i2.14514 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Een Sukarminah ◽

Endah Wulandari ◽

Debby Moody Sumanti ◽

Efri Mardawati ◽

Elazmanawati Lembong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽

Block Design ◽

Food Product ◽

Raw Material ◽

Soybean Flour ◽

Sorghum Flour ◽

Organoleptic Characteristics ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Bacterial Content

Sorghum flour and soybean flour can be processed as the main raw material in the manufacture of functional food product, namely synbiotic biscuits with addition of freeze dried Lactobacillus acidophilus culture. The purpose of study was to determine the concentration of freeze dried L. acidophilus culture on synbiotic biscuits made from sorghum flour and soybean flour with the best microbiological and organoleptic characteristics. The research method used was randomized block design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were the freeze dried L. acidophilus concentration 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14%. The results of study showed that the addition of freeze dried culture of L. acidophilus to the synbiotic biscuits made from sorghum flour and soybean flour gave a significant different effect on total L. acidophilus probiotic bacteria, aroma and yield, but did not give a significant effect on the color, taste and texture preferences. Synbiotic biscuits made from sorghum flour and soybean flour with the addition of freeze dried L. acidophilus concentration of 14% (w/w) were selected as the synbiotic biscuit with the best characteristic with total bacterial content of probiotics 10,67 Log CFU g-1, were perceived a bit like to like by the panelist and the obtained yield was 92,14%.

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AMBANG KENDALI PENGGEREK BUAH KAPAS, Helicoverpa armigera, DENGAN MEMPERHITUNGKAN KEBERADAAN PREDATOR PADA KAPAS

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v14n2.2008.72-77 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

NURINDAH NURINDAH ◽

DWI ADI SUNARTO

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Pest Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Helicoverpa Armigera ◽

Threshold Level ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽

Action Threshold ◽

Helicoverpa Armígera ◽

Predatory Mirid

ABSTRAK Helicoverpa armigera adalah salah satu hama utama pada kapas, sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Konsep ambang kendali sebagai salah satu komponen dalam PHT telah dikembangkan untuk H. armigera, namun hanya berdasarkan populasi hama dan belum mempertimbangkan keberadaan musuh alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ambang kendali H. armigera dengan mempertimbangkan keberadaan musuh alami pada skala luas di daerah pengembangan dengan menggunakan lahan petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pertanaman kapas tumpangsari dengan kedelai yang ditanam sesudah padi di Kecamatan Mantup dan Kembangbau, Lamongan, Jawa Timur pada Maret-Oktober 2005. Lahan yang digunakan seluas 15 hektar, di bawah pengelolaan 36 petani. Pengujian ambang kendali H. armigera dilakukan dengan menerapkan dua perlakuan konsep ambang kendali yang merupakan bagian dari PHT kapas, yaitu: (1) AKH: 4 tanaman terinfestasi/25 tanaman contoh; dan (2) AKH+MA: 4 tanaman terinfestasi/25 tanaman contoh; jumlah tanaman yang terinfestasi yang teramati dikurangi 1 jika ditemukan 8 ekor predator dan kelipatannya. Jika populasi pada petak perlakuan mencapai ambang kendali, dilakukan penyemprotan dengan Ekstrak Biji Mimba (EBM). Setiap lahan petani dibagi dua, setiap bagian menerapkan satu perlakuan (n=36). Pengamatan dilakukan pada 25 unit pengamatan per 1,0 ha yang diambil secara W sampling, setiap 7 hari sejak 50 hari setelah tanam (hst) hingga 90 hst. Satu unit pengamatan adalah 1 m 2 . Parameter yang diamati secara periodik adalah populasi H. armigera (telur dan larva); kerusakan buah, hasil kapas berbiji, serta penggunaan saprodi dan tenaga kerja untuk pengendalian hama. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi H. armigera pada kapas + kedelai dapat ditekan oleh musuh alaminya, khususnya kompleks predator yang terdiri atas laba-laba, kumbang kubah dan kepik mirid. Populasi kompleks predator dapat mencapai 40-80 ekor/25 tanaman. Dengan demikian, penerapan ambang kendali H. armigera pada kapas + kedelai dengan memperhitungkan keberadaan predator menyebabkan tidak perlu dilakukannya penyemprotan insektisida sama sekali, sehingga terdapat keuntungan ekonomis, yaitu penghematan biaya saprodi sebesar Rp 259.000 per hektar dan keuntungan ekologis, yaitu tidak tercemarnya lingkungan oleh senyawa toksik. Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum L., ambang kendali, Helicoverpa armigera, Jawa Timur ABSTRACT Action threshold for Helicoverpa armigera by considering the presence of predators on cotton Helicoverpa armigera on cotton was considered as the main pest, therefore it always be a focus of pest control. Action threshold concept as an IPM component had been developed for H. armigera on cotton; however it has not considered the presence of natural enemies. The objective of this research is to test the action threshold of H. armigera by considering the presence of natural enemies on cotton intercropped with soybean in farmers’ fields. The test involved 15 hectares of farmers’ fields (involving 36 farmers) in Lamongan, East Java in March-October 2005. The action thresholds for H. armigera tested were: (1) AKH: 4 infested plants/25 sample plants; and (2) AKH+MA: 4 infested plants/25 sample plants, and the number of infested plants observed was subtracted by 1 when 8 predators, and it’s folded up, were found in the sample plants. Spray of neem seed extract (NSE) was applied when the pest population reached action threshold level. Each farmer field was divided into two parts to accommodate the treatments. The observations were made periodically on 25 units per 1,0 hectare in 7-days interval on 50 – 90 days after planting (dap). The size of observation unit was 1 m 2 . Parameters observed included H. armigera population (egg and larva); damage bolls, seed cotton production and the cost of pest control. Data were analysed by using t-test. The results showed that H. armigera population on cotton intercropped with soybean could be repress by its natural enemies, especially by the complex predator (consisted of spiders, lady bird beetles and predatory mirid bugs) to be always under action threshold level. The application of action threshold by considering the presence of predator in cotton + soybean fields would lead to unsprayed cultivation. Resulted economical benefit by saving of the production cost Rp 259.000 per hectare as well as ecological advantage by avoiding of sprays of toxic materials in the environment. Key words : Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., action threshold, Helicoverpa armigera, East Java

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