scholarly journals Perubahan Cadangan Karbon pada Peremajaan Karet Rakyat

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Handi Supriadi ◽  
Yulius Ferry
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fixed Carbon Content

<p>Peremajaan tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis) memberikan konsekuensi menurunnya cadangan karbon sehingga diperlukan teknik untuk meminimalisasi kehilangan tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis perubahan cadangan karbon pada penebangan tanaman karet tua sebanyak 30%, 50%, 70%, dan 100% yang diikuti oleh penanaman karet muda dengan tanaman sela (jagung dan kacang tanah). Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Januari sampai Desember 2013 pada pertanaman karet rakyat umur 25 tahun di Kecamatan Way Tuba, Kabupaten Way Kanan, Lampung. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah penebangan tanaman karet tua 30%, 50%, 70%, dan 100% yang masing-masing diikuti dengan penanaman karet muda dan tanaman sela (jagung dan kacang tanah). Variabel yang diamati: (1) bobot segar dan kering (biomassa); (2) kandungan karbon terikat (fixed carbon); dan (3) cadangan karbon pada pertanaman karet, jagung, kacang tanah, dan tanaman karet muda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penebangan karet sebanyak 30%–100% dari populasi menurunkan cadangan karbon sebesar 7,4–24,29 ton C/ha. Penanaman karet muda dan tanaman sela (jagung dan kacang tanah) dapat berkontribusi terhadap penambahan karbon sebesar 0,98-3,28 ton C/ha sehingga kehilangan karbon akibat penebangan tanaman karet tua berkurang menjadi 6,29–22,92 ton C/ha.</p><p>Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, peremajaan, cadangan karbon, tanaman sela</p><p>Rejuvenation of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) can lead to a reduction of carbon stocks. Therefore, appropriate methods are needed to minimize such losses. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes on carbon stocks in the rejuvenation of rubber with logging system of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% and intercrops between the young rubber plantation (maize and peanuts). The research was conducted from January to December 2013 at smallholder rubber plantation in Way Tuba District, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung when the trees were 25 years old. The design used was a randomized block design with three replications. The tested treatments were logging of old rubber plants at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%, which then followed by planting of young rubber plants and intercropped (maize and peanut). The variables measured were: (1) fresh weight and dry weight (biomass); (2) fixed carbon content; and (3) carbon stocks on rubber plantation, maize, peanuts, and young rubber plants. The results showed that rubber logging at about 30%–100% could reduce carbon stocks by 7.4–24.29 ton C/ha. However, planting of young rubber plants as well as intercropped (maize and peanut) may contributed to the carbon enrichment up to 0.98-3.28 ton C/ha. Hence, the loss of carbon due to logging system turn out to be 6.29–22.92 ton C/ha.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN DOSIS PUPUK NPK MAJEMUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI BUNGA, DAN ANALISIS USAHA TANI ROSELA MERAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
BUDI SANTOSO ◽  
UNTUNG SETYO-BUDI ◽  
ELDA NURNASARI
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Growth Production

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian mengenai jarak tanam dan pemupukan untuk tanaman<br />rosela merah (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) belum banyak dilakukan.<br />Suatu penelitian, yang dilakukan di Desa Kanyoran, Kecamatan Semen,<br />Kabupaten Kediri pada tahun 2010, bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jarak<br />tanam dan dosis pupuk NPK majemuk yang tepat bagi pertumbuhan serta<br />produksi kelopak bunga rosela merah dan analisis usaha tani. Perlakuan<br />disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 3 ulangan.<br />Sebagai faktor pertama adalah 3 ukuran jarak tanam yang terdiri atas 1) 80<br />x 50 cm; 2) 100 x 50 cm; dan 3) 120 x 50 cm; dan sebagai faktor kedua<br />adalah 5 dosis pupuk NPK majemuk yang terdiri atas a) 30 kg NPK/ha; b)<br />37,50 kg NPK/ha; c) 45 kg NPK/ha; d) 52,50 kg NPK/ha; dan e) 60 kg<br />NPK/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi interaksi antara jarak<br />tanam (100 x 50 cm) dengan dosis pupuk (45 kg NPK/ha) yang<br />memberikan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang produktif,<br />jumlah buah, bobot kelopak bunga berbiji, bobot biji, bobot basah kelopak<br />bunga tanpa biji, dan bobot kelopak bunga kering maksimal, masing-<br />masing sebesar 186,63 cm; 16,33 cabang; 117,00 buah; 41,33 kg/petak;<br />16,17 kg/petak; 26,67 kg/petak; dan 2,35 kg/petak (652,75 kg/ha). Usaha<br />tani rosela merah memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp 10.420.000/ha<br />dengan B/C = 1,49. Harga pokok kelopak bunga kering sebesar<br />Rp13.031/kg lebih kecil dibanding harga pasar (Rp 40.000/kg), dan dapat<br />dijamin tidak akan terjadi kerugian bagi petani<br />Kata kunci : Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa, jarak tanam, pupuk NPK<br />majemuk, pertumbuhan, produksi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />There has been no research program on plant spacing and fertilization on<br />red roselle plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) up to 2010. A study<br />conducted in Desa Kanyoran, Kecamatan Semen, Kediri in 2010, aimed at<br />getting appropriate plant spacing and NPK compound fertilizer dosage for<br />growth and calyx production of red roselle, as well as its farm analysis.<br />The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with<br />three replicates. As the first factor were 3 dimensions of plant spacing<br />consisting of 1) 80 x 50, 2) 100 x 50, and 3) 120 x 50 cm, and the second<br />factor were 5 doses of NPK compound fertilizer consisting of a) 30, b)<br />37.50, c) 45, d) 52.50, and e) 60 kg NPK/ha. The results showed that there<br />was an interaction between plant spacing (100 x 50 cm) with fertilizer<br />dosage (45 kg NPK/ha), which resulted in plant height, number of<br />productive branches, number of fruits, weight calyx with seed, seed<br />weight, fresh weight of seedless calyx, and maximum dry weight of calyx,<br />each amounting to 186.63 cm; 16.33 branches; 117.00 fruits; 41.33<br />kg/plot; 16.17 kg/plot; 26.67 kg/plot; and 2.35 kg/plot (652.75 kg/ha),<br />respectively. Red roselle farm provided a gain of Rp10,420,000/ha with a<br />B/C of 1.49. Production cost of dried calyx was Rp13,031/kg, lower than<br />market price (Rp 40,000/kg), and was guaranteed to be no loss to farmers.<br />Key words: Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa, plant spacing, NPK<br />compound fertilizer, growth, production</p>

scholarly journals MEDIA TANAMORGANIK DAN POSISI TANAM BENIH PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (COFFEA CANEPHORA )

GANEC SWARA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
ANAK AGUNG GEDE PUTRA ◽  
PANDE GEDE GUNAMANTA ◽  
KETUT TURAINI INDRA WINTEN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Compost ◽  
Organic Compost

The study aimed to determine the effect of organic planting media and the position of seed planting on the growth of Robusta coffee seedlings. The study is conducted at the Tabanan Agrotechnology Study Program, Tabanan University, which conducted from July 2019 to September 2019. The treatments are arranged in factorial in a randomized block design (RBD). Two treatments examined in this study were the doses of organic matter in the growing media (0g, 150 g, 300 g, 450 g) and seed position (prone position, upside down, tilted position). The results show that the interaction between organic planting media (soil + coffee leaf compost) and seed planting position did not significantly affect all coffee seedlings growth variables. The dose of organic compost in the growing media has a very significant effect on all growth variables except when growing and the percentage of growth. The dosing of 450 g organic matter gave the highest root fresh weight, fresh stem weight and fresh leaf weight (1.00 g, 2.97 g and 8.64 g respectively) and oven dry weight for the three variables (respectively 0.39 g, 0.55 g and 1.36 g). Seed planting position has no significant effect on all observed variables, but there is The tendency of planting position with the prone on average gives better growth compared to other positions.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Kompos Gulma Siam Chromolaena odorata terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Performa Tanaman Cabai

SoilREns ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vira Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Nugoho Susetyo Putra ◽  
Benito Purwanto ◽  
Sri Hartati ◽  
Santika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Positive Effect

Chromolaena odorata (L.) is a potential compost since it has high biomass and contains calcium, manganese, potassium and nitrogen. The aim of this research was to know the potency of siam weed Chromolaena odorata compost on soil chemical and chili plant performance. The experiment was arranged in factorial randomized block design consisted of two factors and three replications. The first factor was variety of fertilizer (no fertilizer, cow manure, siam weed compost and inorganic fertilizers) and the second one was the tanglefoot (with and without tanglefoot). Overall, the results of study showed that C. odorata compost could increased crop performance when compared with the other fertilizers in terms of number of fruits, fresh/dry weight of fruits, dry weight of crops, and N-total (leaf, stem, root and fruit), though there was no difference in fresh weight of crops among treatments. Furthermore, the effect of siam weed compost was not significantly different on soil chemical if compared with all treatments. This study is likely suggesting that C. odorata compost gives a positive effect to crops performance and soil chemicals.Keywords:  Chili, Chromolaena odorata, compost  fertilizer, tanglefoot

scholarly journals Uji Daya Simpan dan Efektivitas Prototipe Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza dengan Media Pembawa Pasir Vulkanik dan Pasir Laut

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
KADEK JUNIARI ◽  
I NYOMAN RAI ◽  
I MADE SUKEWIJAYA
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sea Sand ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Biological Fertilizer ◽  
Better Than

Time Storage and Effectivity of the Prototype of Mychorrhiza Biological Fertilizer with Volcanic and Sea Sand as the Carrier Media.  This research aimed to study time storage and the efectivity of prototype of mychorrhiza biological fertilizer with volcanic and sea sand as the carrier media. The study was arranged using a randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor was carrier media of mychorrhiza spore consist of 2 levels i.e. volcanic and and sea sand, and the second factor was time storage of prototype of mychorrhiza biological fertilizer consist of 3 levels i.e. 1, 2, and 3 month. The result of research showed that volcanic sand carrier media was better than the sea sand media proved by higher total dry weight. The best time storage of prototype of mychorrhiza biological fertilizer in this research was 1 month indicated by the highest amount of spores after storage. The interaction between carrier media and time storage gave significantly different just to stem diamater and fresh weight of corn cob.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Produksi Bawang Merah Melalui Teknik Pemupukan NPK

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/810 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Ida Nur Istina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Almost All

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura strategis yang penyebarannya hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Permasalahan pengembangan komoditas ini adalah masih rendahnya produktivitas sebagai akibat adaptasi dan kecukupan asupan hara tanaman. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis pupuk NPK yang efektif dan efisien telah dilakukan di desa Langensari Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat dari Maret sampai Mei 2014 menggunakan Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Pupuk NPK yang digunakan adalah A= NPK 18+9+10+Te, B=NPK 15+15+sulfat 10, C=NPK 12+11+18z+(S) z +3 Mg+3,8S+Te, D= NPK 15+9+20(S)+2 MgO+3,8 S+Te, E= NPK 25+7+7 dan F=kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: tinggi tanaman, jumlah umbi, jumlah daun, panjang umbi (cm), diameter umbi (cm), bobot basah (g) dan bobot kering brangkasan (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NPK 12+11+18z+(S)z+3 Mg+3,8S+Te menghasilkan bobot umbi terbaik. The shallot is one of the strategic and valuable horticultural commodities which is spreaded almost all over Indonesia area. Commodity development constrain by the low productivity as a result of adaptation and inadequate intake of plant nutrients. The research purposed  to get the kind of NPK fertilizers that was efective and efficient on shallot production had been done in the Langensari village Langensari Lembang district, West Bandung regency from March till May 2014, using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 3 repplications. NPK fertilizer used were: A = NPK 18+9+10+Te, B = NPK 15+15+sulfate 10, C = NPK 12+11+18z+(S) z + 3 Mg+3,8S+Te, D = NPK 15+9+20(S)+2MgO+3,8 S+Te, E = NPK 25+7+7 and F = control. The observed parameters were plant height (cm), number of tubers, leaf number, tuber length, tuber diameter, fresh weight and dry weight tuber. The results showed that NPK 12+11+18z+ (S)z+3 Mg+3,8S+Te gave the best growth and production.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR NASA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN JATI PUTIH (Gmelina arborea Roxb)

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Josina Irene Brigetha Hutubessy
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Optimum Dosage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves

This research aims to determine the effect of concentration of organic fertilizer Super NASA to the growth of seeds of white teak and to know the optimum dosage of organic fertilizer Super NASA can increase the growth of NASA plant seed white teak. The design used in this study was a Randomized Block Design with the treatment used is N0: without fertilizer Super NASA NASA, N1: Fertilizer NASA7 .5 ml seeds-1, N2: Fertilizer NASA 15 ml seeds-1, N3: Fertilizer NASA 22.5 ml seeds-1, N4: Fertilizer NASA 30 ml seeds-1. Variable observation in this study is the height of the plant, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight tan-1, fresh and dry weight oven tan-1. The results showed that the granting of Fertilizer NASA exerted a highly significant effect on the height of plant (23,65%), the number of leaves is not significant, leaf area (53,61%), fresh weight tan-1 (60,89%) and dry weight tan-1 (55,43%). The optimum dosage of Fertilizers NASA give the seed growth of white teak is best on the seed-1is 30 ml.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) PADA WAKTU PENGUMPULAN LATEKS YANG BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Mochlisin Andriyanto ◽  
Andi Wijaya ◽  
Junaidi . ◽  
Arief Rachmawan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Collection Period

Latex is a colloidal suspended of rubber particle in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). Technically, the capacity of rubber productivity can be determined by latex collectionperiod after being tapped. The objective of research was to obtain the differences of latex collection period. The study was conducted in September-November 2017 at the Sungei Putih Research Center in Experimental Estate with PB 260 (7 years tapped) on BO-2 (S/2 d3.ET2.5% Ga1.0 6/y(m)).The experimental designused a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments of latex collection periodi.e 20, 40, 60, 80 minutes after being tapped with three replicates respectively. The parameters observed was gram/tree/tapping (g/p/s), kg/ha/years, latex flow rate (ml/minutes) and total solid content (%).The results showed that latex collection period was significantly different to g/p/s, kg/ha/years and latex flow rate. Total solid content (TSC) was not significantlydifferent in all treatments. The latex collection period of 20 minutes after being tapped had higher productivity than 40, 60, 80 minutes.

scholarly journals Uji Efektifvitas Cendawan Mikoriza Lokal Gerogak Lahan Kering dan Komersial Pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Julianus Jeksen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mycorrhizal Infection ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Corn Plants

Dryland in Indonesia has been dominated by acid soils, so that availability of phosphate (P) becomes the main obstacle in improving outcomes and only 10-30% of fertilizer P can be utilized by plants. One of the solution to meet the needs of phosphate is by utilization of mycorrhizal biofertilizer. These experiments were divided into several phases: 1) Looking for phases of mycorrhizal, 2) the laboratory analysis, 3) Testing phase on plants that were carried out by using polybags with sterile soil. The experiment was designed with a complete randomized block design (RAKL) by using a factor that consists of 6 treatments that are: 1) Without mycorrhizal inoculum (M0), 2) Mycorrhizal inoculum 5 g + 50 Spores (M5), 3) Mycorrhizal inoculum 10 g + 50 spores (M10), 4) Mycorrhizal inoculum 15 g + 50 spores (M15), 5) Mycorrhizal inoculum 20 g + 50 spores (M20), 6) Commercial mycorrhizal 10 g (Mk). All treatments were repeated four times so that the total 24 pot experiment. The experiment results show that mycorrhizal treatment given on the corn crop has very significant (P <0.01) to the number of leaf age of 35, 49, 63 days after, leaf wide have age 49 days after plant, fresh weight, oven-dry weight, absorb P, number of spores, mycorrhizal infection and significant effect (P <0.05) to plant height age of 35, 49, 63 day after plant, 63 days after plant, leaf wide, and P-available. Based on the results of this study will be suggested, in order to enhance the growth of corn plants can be used locally mikroiza a dose of 10 g + 50 spores.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aplikasi Beberapa Konsentrasi Paclobutrazol dan KOH Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Ubi Kayu (Manihot Esculenta Crantz)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Prasasti Dame Aritonang ◽  
Ardian Ardian ◽  
Kukuh Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Homogeneous Data ◽  
Main Factor

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol and KOH application through leaf togrowth and production of cassava.  This study was conducted from March 2017 to October 2018 in an Integrated Field Universityof Lampung. The treatmens was arranged factorially (4 x 4) in a complete randomized block design with 4 replications be avowed as group.  The main factor were paclobutrazol consist of P1 = 0 ppm (control, no treatment), P2 = 400 ppm, P3 = 500 ppm and P4 = 600 ppm.  The second factor were KOH consist of K1 = 0% (control, no treatment), K2 =0,5%, K3 = 1% and K4 = 1,5 given a week after paclobutrazol’s application.  This study used cassava cutting varieties of kasesart.  Observation variables were plant height, number of books, number of fresh leaves, fresh weight of leaves, dry weight of leaves, fresh weight of stem, dry weight of stem, fresh weight of tubers, dry weight of tubers.  Data of each treatments were calculated its mean value and tested homogeneity.  Homogeneous data were analyzed variance and followed by the smallest real difference testat level 5%.The study’s result showed that paclobutrazol application had inhibited effect the vegetative growth of plant height, number of nodes, fresh and dry weight of stem cassava plants.  Application of KOH had a significant effect only on number of fresh leave at 13 week after planted.  The interaction of paclobutrazol and KOH treatment had a significant effect on leaf dry weight.   

FAST NEUTRONS INDUCED GENETIC VARIABILITY ON BAMBARA NUT (VIGNA SUBTERRANEAN (L.) VERDC.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
M.I. Adebola, A.E. Esson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In this study, two accessions of Bambara groundnut were exposed to fast neutrons Americium-Beryllium (AmBe) source with flux of 1.5 ×104 ncm-2 s-1for different hours, and planted in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications to raise M1 generation. The data recorded were percentage germination, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight. There was variation in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, Days to 50% flowering, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight for Black accession. In the Cream accession, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight were significantly different. Treatment at 16 hours performed best for plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, weight of seed per plant and 100 seed weight in Black accession while Cream performed best at 8 hours exposure time. Fast neutron was observed to improve the performance of Bambara groundnut, thus can be used in breeding programme for Bambara groundnut.

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