scholarly journals Overcoming Shortage of Pharmacists to Provide Pharmaceutical Services in Public Health Centers in Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Yuyun Yuniar ◽  
Max Joseph Herman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Pharmacy Technician ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Trained Staff ◽  
Staff Composition ◽  
Depth Interviews

Indonesia is facing shortage of pharmacist in public health centers (PHCs), therefore the local government and PHCs have to cope with this problem. This paper aimed to describe the pharmaceutical manpower availability in PHCs, the problems occurred and potential applied solutions. Data was taken from National Health Facility Research 201. Quantitative data related to pharmaceutical manpower in PHCs was analyzed descriptively based on regions. Supporting qualitative data through in-depth interviews with the health office staffs in Bogor and Bekasi and pharmacists in four PHCs were conducted and being analyzed using thematic analysis. It was found that Sulawesi had the highest percentage of PHCs having pharmacist (29.1%) while Eastern Indonesia 51.5% of PHCs didn’t have any staff with pharmacy related educational background. The highest percentages of staff composition were pharmacy technician followed by nurse. The main problem was due to high workload with limited manpower available. The proposed solutions are recruitment of new pharmacists, but in case it is not possible then placing pharmacist in certain type of PHCs with urgent needs is a priority. Empowering pharmacy technician, all available trained staff and other resources such as on job students are other feasible choices.Indonesia masih menghadapi keterbatasan jumlah apoteker di puskesmas, sehingga pihak pemerintah daerah dan puskesmas harus berupaya mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan ketersediaan dan distribusi tenaga pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas serta permasalahan dan alternatif pemecahannya. Data diambil dari hasil Riset Fasilitas Kesehatan (Rifaskes) tahun 2011I. Data kuantitatif tentang tenaga pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan regional. Data kualitatif sebagai pendukung diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan bagian kepegawaian dinas kesehatan dan apoteker empat puskesmas di Kota Bogor dan Bekasi, 3 kemudian dianalisis dengan metode analisis tema. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Sulawesi memiliki persentase puskesmas dengan tenaga apoteker tertinggi (29,1%) sedangkan Indonesia Timur memiliki persentase puskesmas tertinggi dengan tenaga pelayanan kefarmasian tanpa latar belakang pendidikan farmasi (51,5%). Persentase tenaga kefarmasian terbesar di puskesmas adalah tenaga teknis kefarmasian kemudian perawat. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi puskesmas adalah beban kerja yang berat dengan kondisi tenaga yang terbatas. Alternatif pemecahan masalah yaitu pengangkatan apoteker baru, namun jika tidak memungkinkan maka penempatan apoteker pada puskesmas dengan kebutuhan mendesak merupakan prioritas utama. Pilihan lain yang memungkinkan adalah pemberdayaan tenaga teknis kefarmasian dan staf lain yang sudah dilatih atau memanfaatkan tenaga siswa magang.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONTMENT CHARACTERISTICS ON DIARRHEA OCCURRENCE AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE IN PALEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Amrina Rosyada ◽  
Dini Arista Putri ◽  
Nur Alam Fajar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Quantitative Data Analysis ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Water Waste

Diarrhea is still a public health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia because morbidity and mortality rates are still high in these areas. A morbidity survey conducted by the Diarrhea Department of the Ministry of Health in Indonesia between 2000 and 2010 shows rising incidences of diarrhea in children. In 2000, Incidence Rate (IR) diarrhea incidents occurred in 301/1000 members of the population, and this increased to 411/1000 in 2010. Cases of diarrhea have become dangerous when suffered by infants because the mortality rate will increase because weaker immunity than olders. Environmental factors such as water, waste, and toilet contribute greatly to cases of diarrhea; therefore, in this research, we analyze environmental characteristics’ effects on the incidence of diarrhea in infants in Palembang. This study uses a mixed-method design combining quantitative data collection using secondary data from the Department of Health with qualitative data collection using in-depth interviews of Palembang’s local government and health center personnel in the districts with the highest and lowest cases of diarrhea. Quantitative data analysis are visualized in the form of a map, while qualitative data are analyzed using content analysis. The results show that Ilir Timur I has the highest incidences of diarrhea while the Sako district has the lowest. Based on the results of the analysis, Ilir Timur I has more cases of diarrhea largely because of its non-working area health centers. Sako has the fewest cases of diarrhea because the clinics, doctors, and midwives in private practice in the region of Sako do not report the cases, as well as because of factors related to access remote health centers. Therefore, interventions based on health data for diarrhea need to be restyled for a drastic reduction of diarrhea cases. Keywords: Area, diarrhea, children, characteristic, environment, data

scholarly journals Who Cares for Visiting Nurses? Workplace Violence against Home Visiting Nurses from Public Health Centers in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4222
Author(s):  
Eunjoo Kim ◽  
Heeseung Choi ◽  
Ju Young Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Visiting Nurses

Visiting nurses are commonly exposed to workplace violence, but there is a lack of research on violence against these nurses. The purpose of this study was to identify visiting nurses’ workplace violence experiences during home visits. This study used a mixed method design. Survey data of 357 home visiting nurses from public health centers were collected for the quantitative data, and a focus group interview was conducted with six visiting nurses for the qualitative data. The quantitative data were analyzed using logistic regression, and the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Younger, temporary visiting nurses and those who had previously been exposed to violent clients had a higher risk of workplace violence. The violence visiting nurses faced included not only violence during the visits but also unpredicted danger and harassment after the visit. After experiencing a violent event, visiting nurses’ attitudes and emotions changed toward nursing services. Visiting nurses were likely to deal with violence at the individual level given the insufficient organizational support system. An organizational-level safety management system should be established based on the characteristics of workplace violence risks and the nurses’ experiences in this study.

‘No-one knows where you are’: Veterinary perceptions regarding safety and risk when alone and on-call

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Irwin ◽  
Janika Vikman ◽  
Hannah Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Large Animals

Background: Veterinary work is considered high risk and involves working with a range of hazards including large animals, high workload and long hours. A key potential hazard is making home visits and providing out of hours emergency care where vets often work alone, without support, and must travel long distances. The current study aimed to examine UK veterinary perceptions of safety climate, lone working and on-call tasks to gain a deeper understanding of the risk and hazards involved. Method: An online mixed-methods survey was used to gather quantitative data relevant to practice safety climate, and qualitative data regarding veterinary perception of lone working and on-call work. A sample of 76 UK veterinarians were recruited.Results: The quantitative results suggest that there may be practice safety climate issues around a lack of communication and discussion pertaining to safety, particularly in terms of maintaining personal safety. Key themes within the qualitative data included feeling pressure to treat patients, dealing with difficult clients, travel concerns and feeling unsafe when meeting clients alone and in remote locations. Conclusion: These findings indicate that personal safety requires more attention and discussion within veterinary practices, and that safety protocols and requirements should be shared with clients.

scholarly journals PERILAKU PERAWAT TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS DI RUMAH SAKIT DAN PUSKESMAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Waluyo ◽  
Prima Agustia Nova ◽  
Chiyar Edison
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Correlative Study ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstrakDiskriminasi dan stigmatisasi terhadap ODHA telah dilaporkan terjadi di beberapa rumah sakit di Jakarta.\Tujuan dari penelitianini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan HIV, keyakinan agama, dan persepsi perawat tentang HIV-stigma mempengaruhisikap terhadap ODHA. Studi deskriptif korelatif dengan menggunakan mix method dalam pengumpulan data yang digunakan.Sampel 326 perawat yang merawat ODHA dari 4 rumah sakit dan 5 pusat kesehatan masyarakat di Jakarta, direkrut menggunakanteknik convenience. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sikap terhadap ODHA secara signifikan berbeda antara perawat yang memilikipelatihan HIV dan yang tidak (p= 0,001; α= 0,05), bekerja di rumah sakit dan Puskesmas (p= 0,01; α= 0,05), perawat dengan latarbelakang pendidikan yang berbeda (p= 0,05; α= 0,05), dan perawat yang merasa kompeten atau tidak kompeten untuk merawatODHA (p= 0,001; α= 0,05). Peningkatan pengetahuan HIV diperlukan perawat untuk menurunkan stigma pasien ODHA.Kata kunci: Indonesia, perawat, stigma HIVAbstractDiscrimination and stigmatization towards PLWH has been documented in some hospitals in Jakarta. The purpose of thisstudy is to determine the extent to which the nurses’ HIV knowledge, religious beliefs, and their perception of HIV-stigmaaffect their attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. Descriptive correlative study with using mixed method in collecting data was used. Aconvenience sample of 326 nurses who are working with PLWH from 4 hospitals and 5 public health centers in Jakarta,Indonesia were recruited. The result shows that attitudes toward PLWH were significantly different between nurses who hadHIV training and not (p= 0.001; α= 0,05), works in hospitals and public health centers (p= 0.01; α= 0.05), nurses withdifferent educational background (p= 0.05; α= 0.05), and nurses who perceived that they are competent or not competent tocare PLWH (p= 0.001; α= 0.05). Increase of HIV knowledge required nurses to reduce PLWH patient’s stigma.Keywords: Indonesia, Nurses, HIV-stigma

scholarly journals Crime reporting practices among traders at Alaba International Market, Lagos

Temida ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-160
Author(s):  
Johnson Ayodele
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
International Market ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
The Government ◽  
Contemporary Study ◽  
Depth Interviews

In the field of contemporary study of victims in most developing countries worldwide, the reporting of personal victimization has received more attention by scholars than business victimization. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to examine the influence of business crimes reporting practices among traders on the development of the Alaba International Market, the traders and national economy. The study was conducted between October 3 and 8, 2015, in Lagos, Nigeria. It collected quantitative data from 245 respondents that were randomly selected from traders at the market. These were complemented by qualitative data collected through In-depth Interviews and Focus Group Discussions with purposively selected participants. The data were analyzed. The quantitative data found that 82.1% of the respondents attributed the victimization of small businesses to organized crimes by youth. The qualitative data indicated that the Alaba Market investors will reduce the unemployment rate in Lagos if the government stop frustrating the traders with the tax burden. The study concluded that business crimes prevent economic development. It suggests partnership among stakeholders for the provision of closed-circuit television cameras to prevent business violence and induce economic development at Alaba International Market.

scholarly journals Hubungan Tingkat Partisipasi Anggota Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat Muara Tigo Manunggal dengan Tingkat Pendapatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Kiagus Abdul Rofi ◽  
Amiruddin Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
School Program ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Animal husbandry in Indonesia is one way to meet food needs in Indonesia. The people's farm school program has now become a national program known as the people's livestock center. . One of the results of cattle raising is to increase family income. The research aims to produce an analysis of the level of participation of members in activities, analysis of the level of income of members, and analyze the relationship of the level of participation with the level of income of SPR members Muara Tigo Manunggal. The study uses survey methods with quantitative data in the form of questionnaires which are supported by qualitative data in-depth interviews with DPPT members. The number of respondents in the study was 34 people by taking 20 percent of the population. The results showed the level of member participation in SPR activities was still relatively low, the level of farmers' income was moderate, and there was a relationship between the level of participation and income level. Keywords: animal husbandry, food needs, income levels, participation, sekolah peternakan rakyat ABSTRAK Peternakan di Indonesia merupakan salah satu cara untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan di Indonesia. Program sekolah peternakan rakyat sekarang telah menjadi program nasional yang dikenal dengan sentra peternakan rakyat. . Hasil dari ternak sapi salah satunya adalah untuk meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghasilkan analisis tingkat partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan, analisis tingkat pendapatan anggota, serta menganalisis hubungan tingkat partisipasi dengan tingkat pendapatan anggota SPR Muara Tigo Manunggal. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan data kuantitatif berupa kuesioner yang didukung oleh data kualitatif wawancara mendalam dengan anggota DPPT. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian adalah 34 orang dengan cara mengambil 20 persen dari populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan SPR masih tergolong rendah, tingkat pendapatan peternak tergolong sedang, dan terdapat hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi dengan tingkat pendapatan.Kata Kunci: kebutuhan pangan, partisipasi, peternakan, sekolah peternakan rakyat, tingkat pendapatan

scholarly journals Hubungan Tingkat Partisipasi dengan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Wisata Pesisir

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Annisya Rakha Anandhyta ◽  
Rilus A. Kinseng
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
New Jobs

Abstrak Berdasarkan UU No. 10 Tahun 2009 tentang Kepariwisataan, Pariwisata adalah macam-macam kegiatan wisata dan didukung berbagai fasilitas serta layanan yang disediakan oleh masyarakat, pengusaha, pemerintah, dan pemerintah daerah. Salah satu kawasan pariwisata yang dimiliki Indonesia adalah wilayah pesisir. Pengembangan kawasan wisata dapat dilakukan melalui partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam rangka menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan baru dan menyejahterakan masyarakat.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi dengan tingkat kesejahteraan anggota Pokdarwis Baron Indah dalam pengembangan kawasan wisata Pantai Baron. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam menggunakan panduan wawancara serta observasi lapang. Teknik dalam penentuan responden penelitian menggunakan cluster accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar anggota Pokdarwis Baron Indah berada pada tingkat partisipasi sedang. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara tingkat partisipasi dengan tingkat kesejahteraan. AbstractBased on Law No. 10 of 2009 concerning tourism, tourism is defined as a variety of tourism activities and supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, entrepreneurs, government, and local governments. One of the tourism areas that Indonesia has is a coastal region. The development of tourism areas can be done through active community participation in order to create new jobs and improve the welfare of the community. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the level of participation with the level of welfare of members of Pokdarwis Baron Indah in the development of the Baron Beach tourism area. The method used is a quantitative approach and supported by qualitative data. Quantitative data obtained through questionnaires and qualitative data obtained through in-depth interviews using interview guides and field observations. Respondents were selected by “accidental sampling cluster” method. The results showed that the level of participation of most of the Pokdarwis Baron Indah members fall within the medium category. This study also shows that the level of participation and the level of welfare of Pokdarwis members are positively and significantly correlated.

scholarly journals Ghana and Guatemala: Clients and providers need better support and guidance on IUDs

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Depth Interviews

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a safe, effective, and reversible contraceptive method, however in many countries use of the IUD is stagnant or declining in relation to other contraceptive methods. In 2002, the Population Council investigated the reasons for low utilization of IUDs among women in Ghana and Guatemala. The studies examined clients’ and providers’ knowledge and attitudes about IUDs as well as factors within the health system that affect their use and availability. The studies took place at public, private, and nongovernmental health centers and clinics in both rural and urban settings. Researchers collected qualitative data using a combination of focus group discussions, in-depth interviews with providers, and visits from simulated clients enacting profiles of women wishing to space or limit pregnancies. The studies also included a secondary analysis of service statistics from government and private clinics. As concluded in this brief, lack of knowledge among providers and clients, logistical problems, and cumbersome guidelines contributed to low use of the IUD in Ghana and Guatemala. Efforts to improve use should include more comprehensive training for providers, education for clients, and logistical support.

scholarly journals “My Husband Thinks I’m Crazy”: COVID-19-Related Conflict in Couples with Young Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica McCrory Calarco ◽  
Emily Victoria Meanwell ◽  
Elizabeth Anderson ◽  
Amelia Knopf
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Health Decision Making ◽  
Health Decision ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The U.S

Objective: We examine how disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic are creating conflicts for couples with young children. Background: National polls suggest that COVID-19 has led to increased conflict for couples in the U.S. Although scholars have not examined the source of these new conflicts, pre-pandemic research suggests that pandemic-related disruptions may create conflicts around paid work and parenting, economic security, politics, and health decision-making. Method: This study uses the Pandemic Parenting Study, a mixed-methods study of Southern Indiana mothers, conducted April-May 2020, and involving surveys (N=139), diary entries (N=104), and in-depth interviews (N=65). We examine mothers’ reports of pandemic-related changes in their frustrations with their partners and how those changes vary with the disruptions couples have experienced during the pandemic. We then use qualitative data to understand how pandemic-related disruptions are generating conflicts for couples and what consequences those conflicts have.Results: A substantial minority of mothers (39%) report pandemic-related increases in their frustrations with their partners. These frustrations are particularly common among mothers whose partners are (reportedly) providing insufficient support with pandemic parenting or dismissing mothers’ concerns about COVID-19. Mothers blame themselves for these conflicts and feel responsible for reducing them, including by leaving the workforce, beginning use of antidepressants, or ignoring their own concerns about COVID-19.Conclusion: The pandemic has exacerbated longstanding sources of conflict (related to partners’ insufficient support with parenting) and created new sources of conflict (related to partners’ dismissals of mothers’ concerns about COVID-19), with serious implications for mothers, families, and public health.

scholarly journals Health-seeking behaviours in a malaria endemic district in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e055350
Author(s):  
Ken Ing Cherng Ong ◽  
Phonepadith Khattignavong ◽  
Sengdeuane Keomalaphet ◽  
Moritoshi Iwagami ◽  
Paul Brey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Endemic District ◽  
Depth Interviews

ObjectivesThis mixed methods study was conducted to explore the barriers and facilitators for health-seeking behaviours in a malaria endemic district in Lao PDR.DesignA convergent mixed methods design.SettingTwo malaria endemic villages in Thapangthong district, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR.ParticipantsVillagers and healthcare workers in the two villages in Thapangthong district.MethodsIn the quantitative part, a pretested questionnaire was used to identify the health-seeking behaviours of the villagers. In the qualitative part, focus group discussions were employed to explore health-seeking behaviours of the villagers and in-depth interviews were used to explore the perceptions of the healthcare workers. Descriptive statistics were computed and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify the factors associated with perceived severity and perceived susceptibility. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Quantitative and qualitative results were integrated in joint displays.ResultsIn the quantitative part, data were collected from 313 villagers from both villages. For malaria, 96.0% and 98.2% of villagers from villages A and B, respectively, would first seek treatment at public health facilities. Villagers who have not experienced malaria before were more likely to perceive that the consequences of malaria were serious compared with those who have experienced malaria before (adjusted OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.75). However, qualitative data showed that villagers faced problems such as lack of medicines and medical equipment. Healthcare workers also mentioned the lack of manpower and equipment in the in-depth interviews. Nevertheless, villagers still preferred to seek treatment at the health center as the National Health Insurance was introduced.ConclusionsPublic health facility usage was high but barriers existed. Effective policy and enabling environment such as the introduction of the National Health Insurance could help accelerate the progress towards the malaria elimination goal. Moreover, the benefits could go beyond the context of malaria.

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