scholarly journals KUASA DAN MORAL: Refleksi Filsafat Sosial dan Politik Islam Ibnu Sina

Dialogia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Diana Sari
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Thinking ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Law

Abstract: Politics does not belong toan elite which have authority to hold power. It is not only about struggling for the authority or power but also as a way for people to communicate in building social relations in order to create a prosperous country. If there is no good communication between authorities and their public, there will be no noble country. This paper focused on IbnSina's political thinking for a criticism of social and political issues which occurred in Indonesia. IbnSina's political thinking leads to nubuwwah as a reflection of rigid politics. In this case, the leaders of the State should apply the character values of the prophethood and the public must obey the law in their country. This interaction will lead to the establishment of an honorable State.ملخص:السياسة لا تنتمي إلى النخبة التي تملك القدرة على كسب السلطة. ستكون السياسة ضيقة للغاية إذا ما تم تفسيرها فقط على أنها صراع على السلطة للحصول على المهنة والسلطة. السياسة هي طريقة تواصل الناس في بناء العلاقات الإجتماعية لإنشاء بلد عادل ومزدهر، وبالتالي تكون السياسة مشتركة. لن يتم إنشاء الدولة كدولة فاضلة إذا لم يكن هناك تواصل جيد بين السلطات والشعب. كلاهما يطبق ما تم الاتفاق عليه بشكل متبادلتركز هذه الورقة على  الفكر السياسي لإبن سينا كالنقد الإجتماعي والسياسي يحدث اليوم، خاصة في إندونيسيا. إن الفكر السياسي لإبن سينا يؤدي إلى النبوة باعتبارها انعكاسًا للسياسة الجامدة، بحيث يتوجب على قادة الدولة تطبيق قيم شخصية النبوة في نفسه.وبالمثل، فإن ما يفعله الشعب هو طاعة القانون في بلدهم، بحيث يكون إنشاء دولة فاضلة.Abstrak: Politik bukanlah milik golongan elit yang mempunyai kekuatan untuk memperoleh kekuasaan. Politik akan terlalu sempit jika dimaknai hanya sebagai pertarungan kekuatan untuk mendapatkan jabatan dan kekuasaan. Politik merupakan cara orang berkomunikasi dalam membangun relasi-relasi sosial untuk menciptakan suatu negara yang adil dan makmur, karenanya politik milik bersama. Negara tidak akan tercipta sebagai negara yang berbudi luhur jika tidak ada komunikasi yang baik antara penguasa dan rakyatnya. Keduanya saling menerapkan apa yang telah disepakati bersama. Tulisan ini fokus terhadap pemikiran politik Ibnu Sina sebagai kritik sosial dan politik yang terjadi saat ini, terutama di Indonesia. Pemikiran politik Ibnu Sina mengarah kepada nubuwwah sebagai refleksi perpolitikan yang kaku, dengan begitu para pemimpin Negara seharusnya menerapkan nilai-nilai karakter warisan Kenabian didalam dirinya. Begitupula yang dilakukan oleh rakyat adalah mentaati hukum yang ada di Negaranya, agar terciptanya Negara yang berbudi luhur.

FEATURES OF RISK MANAGEMENT AFTER REALIZING PPP PROJECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Mariya Zinovievivna Masik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Contract Negotiations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Investment Agreement ◽  
The Law ◽  
Partnership Agreement

The article is devoted to the clarification of the peculiarities of risk management during the implementation of PPP projects. The author identifies a set of risks for a private partner, business risks of PPP projects and the main risks associated with the protests of the public, as well as public and international organizations. The typical risks of PPP projects are presented, including force majeure, political risks, profitability risks, operational, construction, financial risks, and the risk of default. The world experience of sharing risks between the partners is presented. Also named are the main methods for assessing the risks of PPP projects. It has been determined that the conditions on which the parties should reach agreement in order for the contract to be concluded are essential. Risk management can be implemented within the framework of the essential conditions for the allocation of risks. However, the provisions of the law provide for the allocation of only those risks identified by the results of an analysis of the effectiveness of the PPP project. Legislation does not directly determine how risks can be allocated to the risks identified during the pre-contract negotiations (or even at a later stage), but not taken into account in the analysis of efficiency. For example, suggestions on the terms of the partnership agreement as part of the bidding proposal may include suggestions on risk management mechanisms. There are no definite and can not be fully defined possible ways of managing risks in view of their specificity for a particular project. For this purpose, it is advisable to provide for a period of familiarization with the draft tender documentation and the possibility of making changes to it based on the findings received from potential contestants. It is also advisable to foresee cases in which it is possible to review certain terms of the contract without a competition. It is substantiated that the law does not restrict the possibility of foreseeing specific terms of an agreement on the implementation of the PPP project or to conclude additional (auxiliary) contractual instruments (for example, an investment agreement). At the same time, when laying down conditions not provided for by law, it is necessary to take into account the scope of competence of the state partner. Also, in order to ensure the principle of equality of conditions, the state partner should provide such additional conditions in the tender documentation.

The Legal Framework for Foundations in the Habsburg Monarchy from 1750 to 1918

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-172
Author(s):  
Gabriele Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regulation And Supervision ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Law

Foundations, as permanent funds established by a certain legal act, can serve manifold purposes, but often pursue charitable goals. As such, they play an important role for the public good. Therefore, states always had an interest in fostering foundations by providing a pertinent legal framework. In Austria, this topic has not yet been the focus of scholarship. Through this study some light is shed on the implementation of the law on foundations in the Habsburg Monarchy. It focuses on the role of the state and its legal system regarding the regulation and supervision of foundations from 1750 to 1918. This period is characterized by the sovereigns’ endeavor to regulate the position of foundations via extensive legislation. In particular, a system of oversight for foundations was created in order to guarantee the attainment of their charitable goals. In fact, this system prevailed until the end of the 20thcentury.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN KODE ETIK NOTARIS DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA PEMBAGIAN WARIS NO 31 MENURUT UUJN NO 2 TAHUN 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1859
Author(s):  
Yoki Kurniawan ◽  
Hanafi Tanawijaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Notary is a position or ordinary we call as general officials appointed by the State and work to serve the public interest. Not only that, a notary also in carrying out its duties and authority must comply fully with the prevailing laws and regulations in Indonesia. Each position certainly has an ethics in the profession which is called a code of ethics, as well as a notary who has a code of ethics in his profession. But out there masi no notaries who violate the code of ethics as mentioned in the law, In accordance with the title of the author of the adopted method of research used is the normative research method supported by interviews that are expected to help answer the problems of this study. The authors conducted interviews with the supervisory board, notaries, and legal experts. In this case the notary has been declared guilty by the Regional Supervisory Board (MPD) and will proceed the case to the level of sanction by the Regional Supervisory Board (MPW) and after receiving the sanction it will proceed to the next level of Central Assembly (MPP) to be sanctioned which has been granted by the level of the Regional Supervisory Board (MPW).

PUBLIC INTEREST AS A DETERMINANT OF TERRITORIAL AUTONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (XX) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Przemysław Niemczuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
National Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Relative Term ◽  
The Law ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
The Relationship

The article aims to explore the concept of territorial autonomy. The research assumption is that public interest is one of the fundamental determinants of territorial autonomy. Territorial autonomy has not been defined by law. It is a general and relative term, and thus difficult to define (if such an enterprise is possible at all). However, one thing is certain - the idea behind this term determines the law regulating the organizational and territorial form of the state, i.e. the distribution of power between the centre and the territory. Further attempts to specify territorial autonomy are met with serious difficulties. Therefore, it is crucial to look at it through the prism of public interest. The term public interest has a relative meaning, because it depends on the constantly changing social conditions. This variability is, among others, a result of the territorial context. The national interest and the territorial interest will be defined in different ways. It seems, therefore, that in order to explicate the notion territorial autonomy, one should refer to the concept of public interest and then take into account the relationship between the interest of a territory and the interest of the whole state. This will make it possible to outline territorial autonomy through the prism of its determinant – the public interest.

Competences of Public Administration of the Slovak Republic in the Area of Defense

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Ryszard Szynowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many

In one of the many definitions of public administration it was stated that it is the fulfillment of individual and collective needs of citizens, resulting from the co-existence of people in society, realized by the state and its dependent organs. One of the needs of an individual is the need for safety. Ensuring the safety of citizens is realized by the public administration, due to its service to the society as an executive apparatus possessing a democratic mandate of political power, in service of the law created by said organs. A particular role in the area of defense belongs to authoritative administration, which performs tasks including reversing risks and removing dangers, including the realization of tasks and undertakings aimed at military preparation in case of war. The aim of the following article is to present the tasks and competences in the area of protecting the President, the government, government administration officials on duty and local self-administration of the Slovak Republic. Various methods have been used to reach the pre-determined goal, primarily the method of document investigation, which made it possible to gather, sort, describe and scientifically interpret the legal acts of the Slovak Republic regarding defensive matters.

scholarly journals A Humanistic Phylosophical Analysis on Women Existence in the Fiqh of Syafii

ULUMUNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-58
Author(s):  
Iffatin Nur
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
The State ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
State Law ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Law ◽  
Marriage Laws ◽  
New View

In the fiqh of Shāfi‘ī, a humanistic philosophical analysis on women existence is given serious attention, particularly in his investigation on the matters of women. It is very vivid in his magnum opuses entitled al-Umm (The Mother), al-Risālah fi Us\ūl al-Fiqh and his periodicals qawl qadīm (old view) and qawl jadīd (new view). This article seeks to provide thorough analysis on the women empowerment through humanistic values from methodological and legal products aspects generated by Shāfi‘ī. In the aspect of methodology (us\ūl fiqh), the use of qiyās (analogy) is an indication of the humanistic value in the development of the mas\lah\ah\ (beneficial) principles. The legal products aspect can be explored through the following three classifications. Firstly, humanistic values of women in the law regarding the properties. Secondly, the humanistic values of women in the state law on economic issues related to religious conversion and social relations in political settings. Thirdly, the humanistic values of women in the marriage laws. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1249

scholarly journals Islam-osmanli state law in Serbia

2006 ◽  
pp. 271-286
Author(s):  
Miroljub Jevtic
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Law ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Basic Goal ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Moment ◽  
State Functions

Every state functions through its legal order and that legal order shows the nature of every state. From that point of view, the nature of the state and the authority which functioned in the regions of the Serbian lands from the moment of the Osmanli conquests till the end of that rule was best reflected through the law which regulated social relations. If one views the state which ruled in the regions of the Serbian lands in that way, one can clearly state that it, in its nature, had the basic goal to realize Islamic doctrine. All legal acts which the administration in Constantinople passed to ensure its normal functioning had the Islamic character. As most of these acts had been created long before the birth of the Osmanli state, they cannot be called Osmanli, because they were not such by their origin or their essence. It is specially important that their intention was not to maintain the Turkish national idea, as it could be concluded from a large number of historical syntheses which discuss that part of our history, but the triumph of Islam. Therefore, it is most correct to call that law Islamic-Osmanli law because its largest part had been created before the appearance of the Osmanli state and had as a goal the triumph of Islam; it is an Osmanli law because it was implemented in the territories ruled by the Osmanli dynasty.

scholarly journals legal basis of formation of piblic service institution in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
S. О. Nishchymna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Service Institution ◽  
The Law

The article analyzes the approaches to the civil service organization in Ukraine and examines the regulations of the civil service establishment since independence time. The attention is payed to the regulatory uncertainty of the separation of civil and public service in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the legal basis of the civil service in Ukraine is determined by the Law of Ukraine “On Civil Service”, which was adopted in 2015. The first such laws were adopted in 1993 and 2011. The Law of Ukraine “On Civil Service” of 1993 for the first time established a special legal status of civil servants – persons authorized to perform state functions. The Civil Service recognized the professional activity of persons holding positions in state bodies and their staff for the practical performance of tasks and functions of the state, receiving salaries at the expense of state funds. The Main Department of the Civil Service under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine was designated as the civil service government body in the state bodies. At that time, the procedure for serving in local self-government bodies was not legally regulated in Ukraine, which hampered the establishment of the public service institution in Ukraine. With the adoption of the Constitution of Ukraine, there was a division of public service into civil service and service in local self-governments. The Laws of Ukraine “On Local Self-Government in Ukraine” and “On Service in Local Self-Government Bodies” became an additional basis for distinguishing types of public service. In 2011, a new Law of Ukraine “On Civil Service” was adopted, which provided for changes in the legal regulation of the civil service in Ukraine. Civil service was recognized as a professional activity of civil servants in preparing proposals for the civil policy formation, ensuring its implementation and provision of administrative services, ie the categories of political positions and positions of civil servants were distinguished. The current legislation defines the role of the civil service and its features, as well as the conditions of service in local governments, which is actually the basis for the public service system formation in Ukraine. Key words: civil service, public service, service in local self-government bodies.

scholarly journals The Meaning of the Expansion of Administrative Court that Covers Factual Actions

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-192
Author(s):  
Fellista Ersyta Aji
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
Research Material ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Administrative Justice

The Administrative Court and Law No. 5 of 1986 on State Administrative Justice have been provided facilities for the public to sue the government and ask to cancel the decision made by the government. Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration has been stipulated that Government Administration Act more or less supersedes the provisions contained in the Law of the State administrative justice. Especially in this Law which attracts attention is the expansion of object disputes state Administration. The object of the state Administration dispute in this Act is different from its elements to the Law of the State administrative justice. One of these is a written stipulation that includes factual action. There is no explanation for the meaning of factual acts in this Administrative Administration Act. Therefore, further research is needed in this regard. This study aims to find out and understand the meaning of factual actions in Article 87 letter (a) of Law Number 30 of 2014. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of research Normative Juridical. Data collection techniques are Library study is to collect data conducted by reading, quoting, recording and understanding various literature that have to do with research material. The object of the state Administration disputed in Law Number 5 of 1986 and its amendment has expanded on Law Number 30 Year 2014 on Government Administration. When the object of the dispute expands, it will affect the decision taken by the legal practitioner in this case is the state Administration judge.

scholarly journals LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE STATE AS A SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
А.Г. Хабибулин ◽  
К.Р. Мурсалимов
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
State Determination ◽  
Legislative Activity ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law

Цель: характеристика системы правообразующей деятельности государства, определение элементного состава правообразующей деятельности государства. Методы: деятельностный и системный подходы в целях проведения функциональной характеристики правообразующей деятельности государства и выделения ее системы. Результаты: определена система правообразующей деятельности государства, выявлены основные тенденции современного правообразующего процесса, показана необходимость изменения инструментария правообразующего процесса. Выводы: интенсификация развития общественных отношений обусловливает появление новых юридических инструментов, в качестве которых следует рассматривать правовой прецедент и юридическую доктрину; сложилась потребность в изменении системы источников российского права, а также качественное и количественное расширение системы права. Purpose: characterization of the system of the legal-forming activity of the state, determination of the elemental composition of the legal-forming activity of the state. Methods: activity-based and systematic approaches in order to carry out the functional characteristics of the law-forming activity of the state and highlight its system. Results: the system of the law-forming activity of the state was determined, the main tendencies of the modern law-forming process were revealed, the need to change the tools of the law-forming process was shown. Conclusions: the intensification of the development of social relations leads to the emergence of new legal instruments, which should be considered a legal precedent and legal doctrine; there was a need to change the system of sources of Russian law, as well as a qualitative and quantitative expansion of the system of law.

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