scholarly journals The results of the use of various remedies in the cultivation of Siberian larch in weather conditions of PreK ama area of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Mukhametshina ◽  
G.A. Petrova ◽  
H.G. Musin ◽  
N.F. Gibadullin ◽  
A.A. Fetisova
Keyword(s):  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Radial growth patterns of Siberian larch in plantations of the Republic Mari El

2021 ◽  
Vol 932 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
Iu P Demakov
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Total Width ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Based on the measurements of 83 wood cores, the main patterns of changes in the width of the early and late zones in the annual ring of Siberian larch trees (Larix sibirica Ledeb.), as well as their total radial growth indices in the conditions of the Republic of Mari El were identified. It was found that the width of the early wood zone varies in trees from 0.15 to 11.3 mm, late wood – from 0.05 to 4.15 mm, the proportion of latewood – from 1.2 to 82.8 %, and the annual growth indices - from 13 to 423 %. The main factor in the variability of the total width of the annual rings and the layer of early wood is the age of the trees, and the contribution of weather conditions and other unaccounted factors (noise) to the overall variance of the annual growth parameters is no more than 20 %. The variability of the total width of the annual ring also depends on their genotypic features, which determine up to 42.7% of the total variance of the parameter in some cenopopulations. In the dynamics of the growth indices of larch trees, despite the existing specifics of each cenopopulation, the general sharp decline in their values after the droughts of 1972 and 2010, as well as the alternation of the periods of growth and decline, is clearly distinguished.

Irrigation regime and water consumption of potatoes in the Republic of Bashkortostan, depending on the reclamation condition of lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Guzel Gumerova ◽  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Dmitry Kucher ◽  
Anatoly Shuravilin ◽  
Elena Piven
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

Data of long-term researches (2015–2018) in southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is justified theoretically and experimentally the mode of irrigation of potatoes on leached chernozems of unsatisfactory, satisfactory and good ameliorative condition of irrigated lands. For the growing periods of potatoes with different heat and moisture supply, the number of watering, the timing of their implementation, irrigation and irrigation norms are established. On lands with unsatisfactory meliorative state the number of irrigation depending on weather conditions of potato vegetation period varied from 0 to 3 (1.5 on average) with average irrigation norm – 990 m3/ha. With satisfactory meliorative state of lands the number of irrigation on average increased from 0 to 4 (2.3 on average) with irrigation norm – 1305 m3/ha. On lands with good meliorative state the number of irrigation was the highest – from 1 to 5 (3 on average) with average irrigation irrigation norm is 1653 m3/ha. It was noted that in the dry periods of potato vegetation the greatest number of watering was carried out (3–5 watering), and in the wet periods (2017) watering was not carried out except for the area with a good reclamation state, where only one irrigation was carried out by the norm of 550 m3/ha. Water consumption of potato was studied in dynamics as a whole during the growing season and the months of the growing season depending on weather conditions of vegetation period and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands, as well as in the control (without irrigation). The lowest total water consumption was in the area without irrigation and averaged 226.8 mm. In irrigated areas, its values increased to 319-353.4 mm. The average daily water consumption varied from 2.12 to 3.3 mm. The highest rates of potato water consumption were observed in June and July, and the lowest – in May and August. In the total water consumption of potatoes on the site without irrigation, the largest share was occupied by atmospheric precipitation and in addition to them the arrival of moisture from the soil. Irrigation water was used in irrigated areas along with precipitation, the share of which was 30.2–46.1 %.

scholarly journals Cropping capacity of winter rye cultivated for fodder

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (49) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Galina Konieva ◽  
◽  
Vitalii Ochirov ◽  
Vera Ivanova ◽  
Rustam Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Republic

Realization of the yield potential depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, cultivation technology and weather conditions. The article presents the results of studies carried out in 2018-2021. on the productivity of various varieties of winter rye in dryland conditions of the central zone of the Republic of Kalmykia. The fresh yield of winter rye harvested for fodder depended on the variety. Its highest index was obtained for the Saratovskaya 4 variety and amounted to 17.7 ... 26.9 t / ha. The analysis of the productivity of winter rye harvested for green fodder showed that the studied varieties provided the yield of dry matter at the level of 5.4 ... 7.1 t / ha on average for three years. All varieties have good winter hardiness. Keywords: WINTER RYE, VARIETY, NAKED FALLOW, PLANT HEIGHT, GREEN MASS, FRESH YIELD, CROP PRODUCTIVITY, DRY MATTER

Early Warning System and Adaptation Advice to Reduce Human Health Consequences of Extreme Weather Conditions and Air Pollution

2015 ◽  
pp. 265-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Bogdanović ◽  
Konstansa Lazarević
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Wind Chill ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Sensitive Population

The authors developed a multi-site Internet service to provide the public with real time information about local weather and air quality, how they may affect health, and how general population and different sensitive population groups can protect their health during periods of extreme weather conditions or increased air pollution levels. The information service is based on data obtained from the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia and Serbian Environment Protection Agency. Health warnings and recommendations are given separately for each AIQ and heat index or wind chill index value, for each sensitive population group, as well as for the general population. The project is currently implemented on the website of the Institute of Occupational Health Niš and will be offered to other healthcare institutions in Serbia. Evaluation of the system should enable redefinition of heat and wind chill indices and air pollution threshold values if necessary. This chapter explores the service.

scholarly journals Pink snow mold in winter cereal crops in Belarus and in the South of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Alexander Zhukovskiy ◽  
Natalia Krupenko ◽  
Yana Yakhnik ◽  
Olga Tarancheva ◽  
Galina Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
The South ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
The Republic

The article presents an analysis of the distribution and development of pink snow mold (pathogen Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels & I.C. Hallett) on winter cereal crops in the Republic of Belarus and in the South of Russia. Pink snow mold is currently one of the most harmful diseases of winter cereal crops, as it can cause damage not only to various parts of the plants, but also lead to their complete death. The intensity of the disease development mainly depends on weather conditions in the autumn-spring period, namely, on the duration of snow cover, its height and the rate of melting in spring. We determined the dependence of the disease development progress on agroclimatic conditions. There is a description of weather conditions in combination with a gradation of the disease development level in the Republic of Belarus and in Krasnodar Krai (southern Russia) during the epiphytotic and depressive years of the pink snow mold development. The article provides a retrospective analysis of the crops infected with pink snow mold and the treated cereal crops in southern Russia in 2011 -2019.

scholarly journals Technology of production of polystyrene concrete using solar energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Lyazat Aruova ◽  
Nabi Dauzhanov ◽  
Zhumabeke Ospanova ◽  
Shamshygaim Toleubayeva ◽  
Aizhan Utkelbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technology Of Production

The energy of solar radiation is a powerful energy reserve at the surface of the globe which is about twenty billion kW. This amount of energy is more than 100 times greater than the amount of necessary energy for the whole planet; besides the usage of this powerful energy radiator is not associated with polluting substances that pollute the planet. The usage of solar energy nowadays is very important, as the problem of using traditional energy resources is especially acute, because of their irreplaceability and increase in their cost. At the plants of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the industrial production of building materials today, a trend is outlined for the use of non-traditional types of energy, and mainly solar energy at the stage of heat treatment, where steam heating was traditionally used. In these researches, development in the direction of temperature treatment of polystyrene concrete was considered. The purpose of the research is the development and practical implementation of the technology of production of polystyrene using solar energy. The results of the conducted researches confirmed that the usage of solar thermal treatment methods for the thermal treatment of polystyrene concrete is effective in weather conditions for the southern regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan which refers to areas with dry and hot climatic conditions. Detailed studies of polystyrene concrete under high-temperature weather conditions have been carried out and introduced into production. The usage of heliotechnology for the production of polystyrene concrete improves the quality of manufactured products, also makes it possible to reduce the energy costs of traditional energy covered by the use of solar energy.

scholarly journals The cyclonic activity and frequency of dangerous weather phenomena over the territory of Belarus

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
Katsiaryna M. Sumak ◽  
Inna G. Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Severe Convection ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Atmospheric Fronts ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Wet Snow ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades in the world, and in the Republic of Belarus in particular, the question of the impact of weather conditions on the development of sectors of the economy and life of the population has become acute. The sudden changes in weather conditions can lead to adverse and dangerous weather phenomena that cause significant damage to the country’s economy. This paper examines the frequency of dangerous weather phenomena in cyclones of different trajectories that moved through the territory of the Republic of Belarus during the period of 1995–2015. It is identified that southern and western cyclones caused dangerous weather events over the territory of Belarus. The interannual and seasonal frequency of cyclones causing dangerous weather phenomena in Belarus was analyzed. It is shown that the largest number of southern and western cyclones was characteristic mainly for the summer period, as well as the transitional seasons of the year, therefore the dangerous weather phenomena were associated mainly with the development of severe convection on atmospheric fronts. Such phenomena as very heavy rain, snowfall and wind had the highest frequency in cyclones, as in southern as western trajectories. The share of strong sticking of wet snow and large hail were isolated cases and these phenomena were recorded locally over the territory of country.

scholarly journals Agroecological effi ciency of organic fertilizers’ placement methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
A. S. Sotpa ◽  
T. F. Zharova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The results of studies on the effect of bare and green-manured fallow (melilot, peas, peas + oats), as well as methods of placing green manure crops and manure (plowed to a depth of 18–20 cm and cultivated at 8–10 cm) on the fertility and productivity of dark chestnut soil are presented. Field experiment took place in the steppe zone of the Republic of Tuva. The weather conditions during the study period were noted as characteristic for the conditions of the steppe zone: 2016 and 2017 were arid, whereas 2018 was wet. Bare fallow was more effective for the accumulation of productive moisture than green-manured one both in autumn and in spring before sowing spring wheat. In autumn, after bare fallow, the moisture content was higher by 14.7%, in spring by 32.8%. The surface placement of green manure crops contributed to a lesser desiccation of the soil. The best supply of nitrate nitrogen before sowing wheat was noted in fallow fi elds with manure and melilot (17.1-15.6 mg/kg). Methods of placing organic fertilizers did not affect the nitrate content in the soil. The yield of spring wheat was affected by preceding crops and methods of placing fertilizers. The highest yield of spring wheat was obtained in the bare-fallowed fertilized fi eld, which was by 0.2–0.5 t/ha higher than with all types of bare or green-manured fallow. Deep (18–20 cm) placement of manure increased the yield of spring wheat by 0.2 t/ha (10.5%). Placement of green-manured crops on the surface made it possible, on average during the experiment, to increase this indicator by 0.1–0.3 t/ ha (7.1–20%).

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics and efficiency of application of new drugs when growing planting material of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) in the nursery of the educational and experimental suburban forestry of the Republic of Tatarstan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Р. Мухаметшина ◽  
Г.А. Петрова ◽  
Х.Г. Мусин ◽  
И.К. Сингатуллин ◽  
Н.Ф. Гибадуллин
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Critical Phases ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Root Treatment

Успешность применения средств защиты растений во многом зависит от обеспеченности их элементами питания. Одним из эффективных способов является использование некорневой обработки различными препаратами, которая восполняет дефицит питательных веществ именно в критические фазы роста и развития растений. Кроме этого, препараты данной группы способствуют многократному снижению норм расхода дорогостоящих удобрений. Объектом полевого исследования являются посевы лиственницы сибирской в естественном очаге поражения шютте (возбудитель – гриб Meria Laricis Vuill.). Первые признаки болезни проявляются на двухлетних сеянцах в конце мая – начале июня. В 2019 году на территории питомника учебно-опытного Пригородного лесхоза Республики Татарстан было проведено изучение влияния фунгицидов и некорневой подкормки на сеянцы лиственницы сибирской. Опыты были заложены в посевах второго года выращивания. Обработку сеянцев фунгицидами «Ракурс, СК», «Азорро, КС» и некорневой обработки препаратами «Эмистим, Р», «Агростимул», «Интермаг» проводили двукратно в течение вегетационного периода – в первой и второй половине июля. Положительный эффект от опрыскивания двухлетних сеянцев наблюдался уже после первой обработки. Наилучший результат был выявлен в варианте с применением стимулятора роста «Эмистим, Р» на фоне фунгицида «Азорро, КС». По состоянию на 27 июня распространенность шютте в этом варианте опыта составила 18,0%, что значительно ниже (на 13,0%) значений контрольного варианта (47,0%). В целом распространенность шютте в контрольном варианте без обработки фунгицидами варьирует в пределах 37,0–47,0%. Самый высокий процент здоровых сеянцев обеспечили варианты с некорневой обработкой различными препаратами на фоне опрыскивания фунгицидами – от 90,0 до 97,0%. The success of the application of plant protection products in many respects depends on the availability of their nutrients. One of the most effective methods is the use of non-root treatment with various drugs, which makes up for the lack of nutrients in critical phases of plant growth and development. In addition, the expediency of their use is determined by a multiple reduction in the consumption rates of expensive fertilizers. The object of the field study is crops of Siberian larch in the natural lesion of Schutte (the pathogen is the fungus Meria Laricis Vuill.). The first signs of the disease appear on two-year-old seedlings in late may or early June. In 2019, the study of the effect of fungicides and non-root feeding on Siberian larch seedlings was carried out on the territory of the nursery of the educational and experimental suburban forestry of the Republic of Tatarstan. The experiments were laid in the crops of the second year of cultivation. Treatment of seedlings with fungicides «Rakurs, SK», «Zorex» and non-root treatment with the drug «Emistim, P», «Agrostimul», «Intermag» was performed twice during the growing season – in the first and second half of July. The positive effect of spraying two-year-old seedlings was observed after the first treatment. The best result was found in the application of growth stimulator «Emistim» against the background of the fungicide «azorro, CS». As of June 27, the prevalence of «Schutte» in this variant of the experiment was 18.0%, which is significantly lower (by 13,0%) than the values of the control variant (47.0%). In General, the prevalence of Schutte in the control version without treatment with fungicides varies between 37.0-47.0%. The highest percentage of healthy seedlings was provided by options with non-root treatment with various drugs on the background of spraying with fungicides-from 90.0 to 97.0%.

scholarly journals Estimating the abundance of the typographer bark beetle in the spruce forests of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00138
Author(s):  
Aigul Mukhametshina ◽  
Haris Musin ◽  
Insaf Taziev ◽  
Renat Gafiatov
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Peak Number ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
A Site ◽  
Forest Diseases

The article provides an estimation of abundance the typographer bark beetle using barrier traps in the spruce forests of the Republic of Tatarstan. For the last 10 years, there has been the shrinkage of spruce forests throughout the Russian Federation due to adverse factors, primarily the weather. In the forests of the Republic of Tatarstan, the main reasons for the unsatisfactory condition of forest stands are forest diseases – 20,276.7 ha and weather conditions – 16,824.1 ha, corresponding to 51.7% and 42.9% of the area of all plantations with disrupted and lost stability. The research studies were carried out in the “Sabinskiy Forestry Enterprise” and “Lubyankskiy Forestry Enterprise” of the Republic of Tatarstan. According to our observations for the whole growing season, the largest number of beetles is concentrated on a site of pure plantings at the age of 40 years and is estimated at 1,645 pcs. On all three sites, the peak number of beetles takes place on July 5, 2019 corresponding to 3,684 pcs. In 2019, there was damping of some foci of this pest on 330.1 ha. At the same time, the new foci were identified, which accounted for 9.5% of the total area of bark beetle foci. As a result, at the end of 2019, the total area of foci of this pest in the forests of the Republic of Tatarstan was 1,018.9 ha, which is 28% less than the same indicator last year.

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