Development of an Innovational Multiphase X-Ray Flowmeter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Anatolievich Zubakin ◽  
Aleksandr Igorevich Davydov ◽  
Aleksey Sergeyevich Gogolev ◽  
Sergey Gennadievich Chistyakov ◽  
Nikolay Alexandrovich Filatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiphase Mixture ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Oil Gas

Abstract Non-separation measurement of a multiphase mixture coming from an oil well is traditionally considered a complex measurement, for which rather expensive solutions are used, including non-trivial maintenance. This work aims to describe a new technology in the area of measuring multiphase oil and gas-water mixture, which is being finalized by specialists of the Tomsk Polytechnic University for conducting pilot tests at the facilities of Zarubezhneft JSC, and to indicate a more informative level of measurement of oil and gas industry production, which allows measuring the amount of oil, gas and water with high precision without the use of radioactive sources and constriction devices. The purpose of measuring a multiphase mixture is to determine the amount of oil, gas and water. In order to do this, it is required to determine the total flow rate of the mixture and the distribution of the flow by substances and phases: oil gas, oil and formation water. The total flow rate in the developed multiphase X-ray flowmeter is based on cross-correlation analysis of radiograms from two linear detectors. Measurement of the component composition for the purpose of the distribution of the flow by substances and phases is carried out by the method of two-wave absorptiometry.

Application of Cross-correlation Analysis Method for Measurement of the Fluid Flow Rate Based on X-ray Radiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 01025-1-01025-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Borodulya ◽  
◽  
R. O. Rezaev ◽  
S. G. Chistyakov ◽  
E. I. Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Fluid Flow Rate ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis Method

scholarly journals Effects of water salinity on the foam dynamics for EOR application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Rudyk ◽  
Sami Al-Khamisi ◽  
Yahya Al-Wahaibi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Porous System ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Foam Flow

AbstractFactors limiting foam injection for EOR application are exceptionally low rock permeability and exceedingly high salinity of the formation water. In this regard, foam formation using internal olefin sulfonate is investigated over a wide salinity range (1, 5, 8, 10, and 12% NaCl) through 10 mD limestone. The relationships between pressure drop (dP), apparent viscosity, liquid flow rate, total flow rate, salinity, foam texture, and length of foam drops at the outlet used as an indicator of viscosity are studied. Foaming is observed up to 12% NaCl, compared to a maximum of 8% NaCl in similar core-flooding experiments with 50 mD limestone and 255 mD sandstone. Thus, the salinity limit of foam formation has increased significantly due to the low permeability, which can be explained by the fact that the narrow porous system acts like a membrane with smaller holes. Compared to the increasing dP reported for highly permeable rocks, dP linearly decreases in almost the entire range of gas fraction (fg) at 1–10% NaCl. As fg increases, dP at higher total flow rate is higher at all salinities, but the magnitude of dP controls the dependence of apparent viscosity on total flow rate. Low dP is measured at 1% and 10% NaCl, and high dP is measured at 5, 8, and 12% NaCl. In the case of low dP, the apparent viscosity is higher at higher total flow rate with increasing gas fraction, but similar at two total flow rates with increasing liquid flow rate. In the case of high dP, the apparent viscosity is higher at lower total flow rate, both with an increase in the gas fraction and with an increase in the liquid flow rate. A linear correlation is found between dP or apparent viscosity and liquid flow rate, which defines it as a governing factor of foam flow and can be considered when modeling foam flow.

EXTRACTION OF MINUTE GAS BUBBLES FROM LIQUIDS FLOWING IN A SIMULATED CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS SYSTEM BY A VENTURI-ASPIRATOR UNIT

2002 ◽  
Vol 02 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 297-312
Author(s):  
WEN-JEI YANG ◽  
AMR EID ◽  
R. ECHIGO
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Gas Bubbles ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Straight Tube ◽  
Suction Pressure ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate

An experimental study is performed to extract minute gas bubbles from liquids flowing in a simulated cardiopulmonary bypass system using a Venturi-aspirator unit. In other words, oxygen bubbles in oxygenated blood are simulated by air bubbles in water with AP30 (about same viscosity as whole blood). This study is intended to determine the feasibility of using a Venturi aspirator unit to extract minute gas bubbles from a simulated cardiopulmonary bypass system. Testing of the Venturi-type bubble extraction is carried out using three different test sections. Two Venturis are used, and a straight tube configuration is used as a control. The two Venturis are similar, with the exception that one has a longer inlet cone which causes the entering liquid to accelerate at a slower rate. Results are obtained for effectiveness of the aspirator unit as functions of total flow rate, extraction suction, suction pressure difference, and hydraulic head. It is concluded from the study that:(i) The effectiveness of the Venturis is typically between 90 and 100 percent. It increases with an increase in suction or suction pressure difference but decreases with an increase in total flow rate.(ii) The Venturi is most suitable for extraction of minute gas bubbles, especially for use with AP30 (whole blood), which yields substantially higher effectiveness than water.(iii) It is anticipated that a Venturi-aspirator unit can be superior to other bubble separation device as the cardiopulmonary bypass system for applications in extra corporeal blood oxygenation.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study on Downhole Gas–Liquid Separator Design and Experiment Based on the Phase Isolation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10496
Author(s):  
Yuntong Yang ◽  
Zhaoyu Jiang ◽  
Lianfu Han ◽  
Wancun Liu ◽  
Xingbin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Liquid Separator

As oil exploitation enters its middle and late stages, formation pressure drops, and crude oil degases. In production profile logging, the presence of the gas phase will affect the initial oil–water two-phase flowmeter’s flow measurement results. In order to eliminate gas-phase interference and reduce measurement costs, we designed a downhole gas–liquid separator (DGLS) suitable for low flow, high water holdup, and high gas holdup. We based it on the phase isolation method. Using a combination of numerical simulation and fluid dynamic measurement experiments, we studied DGLS separation efficiency separately in the two cases of gas–water two-phase flow and oil–gas–water three-phase flow. Comparative analysis of the numerical simulation calculation and dynamic test results showed that: the VOF model constructed based on k−ε the equation is nearly identical to the dynamic test, and can be used to analyze DGLS separation efficiency; the numerical simulation results of the gas–water two-phase flow show that when the total flow rate is below 20 m3/d, the separation efficiency surpasses 90%. The oil–gas–water three-phase’s numerical simulation results show that the oil phase influences separation efficiency. When the total flow rate is 20 m3/d–50 m3/d and gas holdup is low, the DGLS’s separation efficiency can exceed 90%. Our experimental study on fluid dynamics measurement shows that the DGLS’s applicable range is when the gas mass is 0 m3/d~15 m3/d, and the water holdup range is 50%~100%. The research presented in this article can provide a theoretical basis for the development and design of DGLSs.

Quantifying Economic Uncertainties and Risks in the Oil and Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-184
Author(s):  
Sorin Alexandru Gheorghiu ◽  
Cătălin Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Oil Field Development ◽  
Oil Gas

The present economic model is intended to provide an example of how to take into consideration risks and uncertainties in the case of a field that is developed with water injection. The risks and uncertainties are related, on one hand to field operations (drilling time, delays due to drilling problems, rig failures and materials supply, electric submersible pump [ESP] installations failures with the consequences of losing the well), and on the other hand, the second set of uncertainties are related to costs (operational expenditures-OPEX and capital expenditures-CAPEX, daily drilling rig costs), prices (oil, gas, separation, and water injection preparation), production profiles, and discount factor. All the calculations are probabilistic. The authors are intending to provide a comprehensive solution for assessing the business performance of an oil field development.

LTCC 3D MICROMIXERS FOR NON-MISCIBLE FLUIDS MICROEMULSION GENERATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000096-000102
Author(s):  
Houari Cobas Gomez ◽  
Bianca Oliveira Agio ◽  
Jéssica Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Natalia Neto Pereira Cerize ◽  
Adriano Marim de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Chaotic Advection ◽  
Drop Diameter ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Miscible Fluids ◽  
Working Region

Abstract The present work shows a ceramics microfluidic device for non-miscible fluids microemulsion generation using 3D serpentine micromixers. The technology used for device fabrication was Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) which allows us for complex, high temperature and pressure resistant 3D microfluidic devices. The proposed device aims to obtain microemulsion with controlled drop size, low dispersion index and high production volumes using Top-Down approach. Previous simulation work had showed 3D serpentine as one of the best structures for rapid mixing due the chaotic advection generated on every 90 deg direction change. This effect, when mixing two fluids as oil and water leads to streamlines pinching-off making possible drop generation. We have used this effect on our device. For the experimental section, it was fabricated a 3D serpentine mixer microfluidic device with working region suitable for variable total flow rate. For certain value of total flow rate, the microemulsion showed higher drop diameter and polydispersity values. In this region, no control could be done in order to obtain the same drop value with the same process parameters. Inside the working region drop diameter values repeatability was obtained. In this region our experimental results had showed a relation between drop diameter and total flow rate. As a total flow rate increase the drop diameter decrease due to a stronger chaotic advection effect. In the other hand, the polydispersity index also decreases. Microemulsions with average size lower than few micrometer or submicron were obtained. When compared with other reported devices, our device presented a production volume in the range of tens of ml/s for the same output microemulsion size.

The Impact of News on the MICEX Oil & Gas Index: Textual Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Elena Fedorova ◽  
Oleg Rogov ◽  
Valery Klyuchnikov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Negative News ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil Gas

In this study, a relationship between the mood of news and the response of the oil and gas industry index of the Russian Federation was revealed. The empirical base of the study included 8.5 million news from foreign sources. Research methodology: fuzzy sets, naive Bayesian classifier, Pearson correlation coefficient. As a result of the research, it was discovered that: 1) negative news affects the stronger than the positive on the stock index; 2) news on companies affect the value of the index, and news on the industry affect the volume of trading; 3) the sanctions did not significantly affect the coverage of Russian oil and gas companies.

Effect of CS2 Flow Rate on the Formation of Aligned Carbon Microcoils

2019 ◽  
Vol 947 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Hyun Ji Kim ◽  
Sung Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Regular Structure ◽  
Flow Rate Ratio ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition

The formation of aligned carbon microcoils could be achieved using C2H2 as a source gas and CS2 as an incorporated additive gas under thermal chemical vapor deposition system. To elucidate the ratio of C2H2/CS2 for the formation of the aligned carbon microcoils, the CS2 flow rate was first manipulated under the identical C2H2 flow rate (500sccm) condition. The formation and the alignment of carbon microcoils could be only achieved under the ratio of C2H2/CS2 = 33.3 condition, namely the flow rates of CS2 = 15sccm and C2H2= 500sccm. The total flow rate of the used gases was varied under the identical C2H2/CS2 flow rate ratio (33.3) condition. The C2H2 flow rate was manipulated under the identical CS2 flow rate (15sccm) condition. It was found that the formation and the alignment of carbon microcoils could be only achieved under the condition of 15sccm of CS2 flow rate in the range of 200 ~ 500sccm of C2H2 flow rate, regardless of the flow rate ratio of C2H2/CS2 and the total flow rate. The crystal structure of the well-aligned CMCs reveals the increase in the (002) peak in XRD spectrum for the aligned carbon microcoils, indicating the existence of the more regular structure in the aligned carbon microcoils. Based on these results, the cause for the formation of the aligned carbon microcoils only in the case of the CS2 flow rate = 15sccm with the imaginary pictures for the flow rate ratio of C2H2/CS2 just above the substrate were proposed.

scholarly journals The effect of increasing CO2concentration and flow rate on amine still performance in meeting gas sale specifications

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Yuswan Muharam ◽  
Hendra Kristianto
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Equilibrium Curve ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Desorption Equilibrium ◽  
Packing Column ◽  
Design Flow Rate

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of increasing CO2removal and flow rate on performance of an amine still. The amine still is located in Field X in South East Sumatra at a new gas well producing gases with a rich CO2content. The still uses activated MDEA as the amine and has an IMTP 40-type packing column. Two film and desorption equilibrium curve theories were employed to analyse the amine still design conditions. Design equations were utilized to find the slope of the equilibrium curve. A slope of the equilibrium curve of 45° in the amine still is obtained in this study. The maximum liquid CO2composition of the amine still feedstock (xo) which can be separated to produce lean amine according to the specification design flow rate is 0.0307. The total flow rate of CO2-rich amine at xo= 0.029 is 761,157.6 kg/hour; the total flow rate of CO2-rich amine atxo= 0.0295 is 628,861.1 kg/hour; the total flow rate of CO2- rich amine at xo= 0.03 is 513,962.6 kg/hour; and the total flow rate of CO2-rich amine at xo= 0.0305 is 409,575.3 kg/hour.

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