scholarly journals Validation of Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) and investigating the relationship between DAI and the odds of Gastric Cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Seyed Hosein Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Background Gastric Cancer (GC) incidence and mortality are rapidly growing. The necessity of the design and validation of the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) was to examine the total antioxidant content of the diet. The present study examined the validity of DAI and its association with the odds of GC. Methods In this hospital-based case-control study, 82 patients with GC and 95 healthy controls were examined. We have used a 168 item FFQ to assess dietary intakes. The DAI was calculated based on the intake of vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, manganese, and zinc. To calculate DAI, we standardized each of the six vitamins and minerals by subtracting the global mean and dividing by the global standard deviation. We then calculated the DAI by summing the standardized intakes of these vitamins and minerals with equal weight. Results We observed a significant and acceptable correlation between DAI and TAC after controlling for age, BMI, energy intake, and smoking and FBS, education, total fat intake, H.pylori infection, total cholesterol, and SFA intakes. Results obtained from modeling DAI as a continuous variable in relation to GC showed a negative association after adjustment for age and in the multivariable analysis (OR=0.64, CI=0.43-0.95). Conclusion DAI is a valid indicator of dietary antioxidants assessments, and it can be used as a predictor of antioxidant status due to its correlation with serum antioxidants levels. The results of this study showed that dietary antioxidants have a significant relationship with GC, which indicates the importance of antioxidants in preventing this cancer.

scholarly journals Validation of Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) and investigating the relationship between DAI and the odds of gastric cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Diana Rahmani ◽  
Seyed Hossein Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) incidence and mortality are rapidly growing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 1,000,000 new cases are diagnosed each year, and more than 78,000 people lose their lives due to GC. The association between dietary antioxidants and GC has been shown in some studies. However, because of the discrepancy between the findings and the lack of a valid indicator, it seems necessary to design and validate the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) to examine the diet's total antioxidant content. The present study aimed to survey the validity of DAI and its association with the odds of GC. Methods In this hospital-based case–control study, 82 patients with GC and 95 healthy controls were examined. We used a 168-item food frequency questioner to assess dietary intakes. The DAI was calculated based on the intake of vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, manganese, and zinc. We standardized each of the six vitamins and minerals by subtracting the global mean and dividing by the global standard deviation to calculate DAI. We then calculated the DAI by summing up the standardized intakes of these vitamins and minerals of the individuals with equal weight. Results We observed a significant correlation between DAI and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) after controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), energy intake, smoking and fasting blood sugar, education, total fat intake, helicobacter pylori infection, total cholesterol, and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes. Results obtained from modeling DAI as a continuous variable in relation to GC showed a negative association after adjustment for age and in the multivariable analysis (OR = 0.64, CI = 0.43–0.95). Conclusion DAI is a valid indicator of dietary antioxidants assessments, and it can be used as a predictor of antioxidant status due to its correlation with serum antioxidant levels. The results showed that dietary antioxidants have a significant relationship with GC, which indicates the importance of antioxidants in this cancer's etiology.

scholarly journals Effect of levetiracetam drug on antioxidant and liver enzymes in epileptic patients: case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 984-990
Author(s):  
Atena Mahdavi ◽  
Amirmansour Alavi Naeini ◽  
Mohammadreza Najafi ◽  
Mohammadreza Maracy ◽  
Mohammadreza Aghaye Ghazvini
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Intake ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Control Study

Background: There is a limited amount of data regarding levetiracetam (LEV), an antiepileptic drug. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of LEV on antioxidant status and liver enzymes. Method: In this case-control study, 33 epileptic patients under treatment with LEV for at least 6 months were compared with 35 healthy subjects. We measured serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD), alanine aminoteransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminoteransferase (AST) levels in both groups. Dietary intakes were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Result: The level of TAC in the healthy subjects was significantly higher than it was in the patients (P=0.02), but the mean of ALT (P=0.02) and AST (P=0.03) was significantly higher in the patients in comparison with the controls. Mean salivary SOD showed no difference between the two groups. In the patients, the duration of drug use was inversely correlated with serum TAC (p=0.04) and had a direct correlation with ALT (p=0.01) and AST (p=0.03.). Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that LEV increased liver enzymes Also, treatment with this drug did not improve oxidative stress, but this could be due to the different in the dietary antioxidant intake. Routine screening of the liver and antioxidant enzymes in patients with chronic use of LEV is recommended. Keywords: Levetiracetam; antioxidant; liver enzymes; epilepsy.

scholarly journals Prospective Associations of Dietary Intakes of Total Antioxidant Capacity and Its Subclasses With Metabolic Syndrome in Adults Aged 40 Years and Older

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 337-337
Author(s):  
Ji-Sook Kong ◽  
Youngjun Kim ◽  
Jiseon Lee ◽  
Hye Won Woo ◽  
Min-Ho Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary intakes of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and its subclasses (flavonoids and its individual subclass and individual vitamins) and incidence risk of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the KoGES_CArdioVascular disease Association Study (CAVAS). Methods A total of 11,272 participants over 40 years of age who did not have MetS from CAVAS were enrolled. Cumulative average TAC and flavonoid intake were calculated from repeated food frequency questionnaires composed of 106 items using data during follow-up. Using a modified Poisson regression model, we estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS in men and women separately and subsequently pooled these results. Results Over 56,425 person-year of follow-up, there were 2,218 incident cases of MetS. While both TAC and flavonoids were inversely associated with MetS development in the pooled multivariable analysis (fourth vs. first quartile, IRR: 0.88; 95% CI 0.76–1.01 for TAC and 0.83, 0.73, 0.95 for flavonoids), there were relatively clear inverse associations between intake of certain subclasses and incidence of MetS. Among flavanones, theaflavins, anthocyanins, and carotenoids were obvious inversely associated with MetS (0.57; 0.50, 0.65 for flavanones, 0.55; 0.48, 0.63 for anthocyanins, 0.60; 0.52, 0.69 for carotenoids). However, the associations were relatively weak in flavones and flavonols (0.96; 0.84, 1.10 for flavones and 0.84; 0.73, 0.96 for flavonols). Conclusions Intake of specific antioxidants such as flavanones, anthocyanins, carotenoids may provide health benefits in preventing MetS. More prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the association between TAC and individual subclasses and the incidence of MetS and chronic disease. Funding Sources This work was supported by the Research Program funded by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004-E71004–00, 2005-E71011–00, 2006-E71009–00, 2007-E71002–00, 2008-E71004–00, 2009-E71006–00, 2010-E71003–00, 2011-E71002–00, 2012-E71007–00, 2013-E71008–00, 2014-E71006–00, 2014-E71006–01, 2016-E71001–00, 2017N-E71001–00) and was supported the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2020R1A2C1004815).

Antioxidant potential of diet: Association between dietary antioxidant index and odds of coronary heart disease: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Zahra Nasiri ◽  
Amir Abbasnezhad ◽  
Ezatollah Fazeli Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are among the leading causes of coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies investigated the relationship between dietary antioxidants and the risk/odds of CHD, and contradictory results have been reported. Dietary antioxidant index (DAI) is a novel and reliable nutritional tool that examines the diet’s overall antioxidant capacity. Its validity was examined using serum total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DAI score and odds of CHD. METHODS: In this incidence case-control study, 320 individuals with a definitive diagnosis of CHD and 320 participants without CHD or related risk factors attending the same hospitals/polyclinics were selected as the case and control groups. We estimated the DAI by summing up six standardized intakes of major dietary antioxidants, including manganese, vitamin E, A, C, selenium, and zinc. RESULTS: Modeling DAI categorized according to the median (–0.38), in multi-adjusted model showed a significant protective association with the odd of CHD (OR = 0.72; 95%CI:0.51–0.99, p-value = 0.05). Also, modeling DAI as a continuous variable in multi-adjusted models (OR = 0.94;95%CI:0.90–0.95; p-value = 0.01) showed significant results. CONCLUSION: Using the DAI to investigate the relationship between dietary antioxidants and CHD can show more realistic results than a single study of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Dietary Fat and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intakes during Childhood Are Prospectively Associated with Puberty Timing Independent of Dietary Protein

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Yujie Xu ◽  
Jingyuan Xiong ◽  
Wanke Gao ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Shufang Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Total Fat

Dietary fat and fat quality have been inconsistently associated with puberty timing. The aim of this study was to investigate the prospective associations of dietary fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) with puberty timing. Using longitudinal data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and Southwest China Childhood Nutrition and Growth (SCCNG) Study, we analyzed dietary data, anthropometric measurements, and potential confounders. Dietary intakes were assessed by 3-day 24-h recalls. Age at Tanner stage 2 for breast/genital development (B2/G2) and age at menarche/voice break (M/VB) were used as puberty development markers. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the relevance of dietary intake of total fat, SFA, PUFA, and MUFA on puberty timing. Among 3425 girls and 2495 boys, children with higher intakes of total fat and PUFA were more likely to reach their B2/G2 or M/VB at an earlier age. Associations were not attenuated on additional adjustment for childhood dietary protein intake. However, higher intakes of SFA or MUFA were not independently associated with puberty development. A higher intake of dietary fat and PUFA in prepuberty was associated with earlier puberty timing, which was independent of dietary protein intake.

The interaction between microsatellite instability high (MSI-high) gastric cancer and chemotherapy on survival.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 244-244
Author(s):  
Elvira Lise Vos ◽  
Steven Brad Maron ◽  
Robert Wallace Krell ◽  
Masaya Nakauchi ◽  
Megan Fiasconaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
High Status ◽  
High Group ◽  
Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer

244 Background: Subgroup analysis of trials data suggested a favorable prognostic role for microsatellite instability high (MSI-high) status in resectable gastric cancer, but a lack of survival benefit from neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy; questioning current standard of care for MSI-high locally advanced gastric cancer. To help guide treatment decision making, we retrospectively studied the interaction between MSI status and chemotherapy on survival in a single institution. Methods: All clinically advanced (tumor stage 3-4 or positive lymph nodes) gastric cancer patients that underwent gastrectomy between 2000-2018 with MSI status available from immunohistochemistry (IHC, deficient mismatch repair protein expression (dMMR) vs proficient (pMMR)) or DNA next generation sequencing testing (NGS, MSI-high vs low/stable (MSS)) were included. Clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) was compared between patients with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy and without, stratified for MSI status, by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Results: From a total of 1,844 clinically advanced patients with resection, MSI status was available in 559 as determined by IHC in 420, NGS in 88, and both in 51 with a concordance rate of 50/51 (98%). Tumors were dMMR/MSI-high in 84 (15%) and pMMR/MSS in 475 (85%). Patients with dMMR/MSI-high tumors were more often older, female, and had distal tumors with intestinal subtype. Neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 53 (63%) in the dMMR/MSI-high group and 367 (77%) in the pMMR/MSS (p = 0.006). Median (interquartile range) time of follow-up was 32 (19-57) months. In the total cohort, OS after 3 years was 82% in the dMMR/MSI-high and 59% in pMMR/MSS (p < 0.001). In the patients with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy only, the dMMR/MSI-high had improved OS (3-years OS: 80% vs 60%, p = 0.001), and after adjustment for age and clinical tumor stage in multivariable analysis, dMMR/MSI-high status was associated with improved OS (HR 0.38 95%CI 0.22-0.68). In the dMMR/MSI-high group only, 3-year OS was 80% with chemotherapy vs 86% without (p = 0.374), and chemotherapy was not associated with a difference in OS after multivariable analysis (HR 1.03 95%CI 0.40-2.66). In case of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, grade 1 pathological response ( > 90%) was observed in 1/41 (2.4%) of the dMMR/MSI-high tumors vs 43/278 (16%) of the pMMR/MSS tumors respectively (p = 0.026). Conclusions: The incidence of MSI-high tumors in our cohort of clinically locally advanced, resectable, gastric cancers was 15%. Patients with MSI-high tumors had worse pathological treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but better OS, compared to microsatellite stable tumors. However, in patients with MSI-high tumors, OS was not altered by neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy. We recommend assessing MSI status in locally advanced gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Impact of Tumor Localization and Molecular Subtypes on the Prognostic and Predictive Significance of p53 Expression in Gastric Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Grosser ◽  
Meike Kohlruss ◽  
Julia Slotta-Huspenina ◽  
Moritz Jesinghaus ◽  
Nicole Pfarr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Tumor Localization ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
Barr Virus

We investigated the prognostic and predictive impact of p53 expression for gastric cancer (GC) patients treated without or with preoperative chemotherapy (CTx) and its relationship with specific molecular GC subtypes. Specimens from 694 GC patients (562 surgical resection specimens without or after CTx, 132 biopsies before CTx) were analyzed by p53 immunohistochemistry. High (H) and low (L) microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein–Barr virus positivity were determined previously. Our results show that aberrant p53 expression was a negative prognostic factor in uni- and multivariable analysis in the resection specimens cohort (each p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed the strongest prognostic effect for patients with distally located tumors or no CTx treatment. In the biopsy cohort before CTx, p53 did not predict response or survival. p53 expression was significantly different among the molecular subtypes in surgical resection and bioptic specimens with strong association of altered p53 with MSI-L. Patients with MSI-H and aberrant p53 showed the worst survival in the biopsy cohort. In conclusion, the prognostic impact of p53 in GC differs according to tumor localization and CTx. Altered p53 is characteristic for MSI-L, and the p53 status in biopsies before CTx delineates MSI-H subtypes with inverse prognostic impact.

scholarly journals TASK-3 Gene Knockdown Dampens Invasion and Migration and Promotes Apoptosis in KATO III and MKN-45 Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Cikutović-Molina ◽  
Andres A. Herrada ◽  
Wendy González ◽  
Nelson Brown ◽  
Leandro Zúñiga
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Gene Knockdown ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cell ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Incidence and mortality of gastric cancer is increasing worldwide, in part, because of the lack of new therapeutic targets to treat this disease. Different types of ion channels participate in the hallmarks of cancer. In this context, ion channels are known to exert control over the cell cycle, mechanisms that support survival, angiogenesis, migration, and cell invasion. In particular, TASK-3 (KCNK9), a member of the K2P potassium channel family, has attracted much interest because of its oncogenic properties. However, despite multiple lines of evidence linking TASK-3 to tumorigenesis in various types of cancer, its relationship with gastric cancer has not been fully examined. Therefore, we set out to assess the effect of TASK-3 gene knockdown on KATO III and MKN-45 human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines by using a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown. Our results demonstrate that knocking down TASK-3 reduces cell proliferation and viability because of an increase in apoptosis without an apparent effect on cell cycle checkpoints. In addition, cell migration and invasion are reduced after knocking down TASK-3 in these cell lines. The present study highlights TASK-3 as a key protein involved in migration and cell survival in gastric cancer and corroborates its potential as a therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Diffuse Gastric Cancer: A Summary of Analogous Contributing Factors for Its Molecular Pathogenicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamshul Ansari ◽  
Boldbaatar Gantuya ◽  
Vo Tuan ◽  
Yoshio Yamaoka
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Diffuse Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Genetic Abnormalities ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Diffuse Type Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and ranks as the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Incidence and mortality differ depending on the geographical region and gastric cancer ranks first in East Asian countries. Although genetic factors, gastric environment, and Helicobacter pylori infection have been associated with the pathogenicity and development of intestinal-type gastric cancer that follows the Correa’s cascade, the pathogenicity of diffuse-type gastric cancer remains mostly unknown and undefined. However, genetic abnormalities in the cell adherence factors, such as E-cadherin and cellular activities that cause impaired cell integrity and physiology, have been documented as contributing factors. In recent years, H. pylori infection has been also associated with the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Therefore, in this report, we discuss the host factors as well as the bacterial factors that have been reported as associated factors contributing to the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer.

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