scholarly journals Using the Risk Perception Attitude Framework to understand Nasopharyngeal Cancer risk reducing behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hie Ting ◽  
Rayenda Khresna BRAHMANA ◽  
Collin Jerome ◽  
Yuwana Podin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Risk Reducing

Abstract Background: To reduce deaths due to nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), it is important to understand factors that predict NPC risk reducing behaviors. This study employed the Risk Perception Attitude (RPA) framework to predict NPC risk reducing behaviors among a group of Malaysians. Methods: A sample of Malaysians (n=215) completed a questionnaire about perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, self-efficacy, response efficacy and intention to enact self-protective actions to reduce NPC risk. Results: A majority of the participants had responsive (high risk, high efficacy) and proactive attitudes (low risk, high efficacy). Hierarchical regression of mediation effect under structural equation model (SEM) approach was used to test the theory. Response efficacy and self-efficacy were negatively associated with perceived risk (p<0.01). Intention was negatively associated with perceived risk and positively associated with response efficacy and self-efficacy (p<0.01). The testing of the indirect effect from perceived risk effect yielded different conclusions for each efficacy measure. For the relationship between perceived risk and intention, there was no mediation effect of response efficacy but the mediation effect of self-efficacy was significant (p<0.1). Heightened perceived risk weakens efficacy beliefs and intention to enact self-protective behavior, suggesting that low risk messages may work better to avert fatalistic thinking for this group. Perceived risk and response efficacy explained 26.5% of the variance in self-efficacy, suggesting the importance of framing NPC risk messages to heighten the audience’s confidence to enact self-protective health behaviors.

scholarly journals Using Protection Motivation Theory to Predict Intentions for Breast Cancer Risk Management: Intervention Mechanisms from a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire C. Conley ◽  
Karen J. Wernli ◽  
Sarah Knerr ◽  
Tengfei Li ◽  
Kathleen Leppig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Protection Motivation Theory ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Risk Reducing

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of a web-based, Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)–informed breast cancer education and decision support tool on intentions for risk-reducing medication and breast MRI among high-risk women. Women with ≥ 1.67% 5-year breast cancer risk (N = 995) were randomized to (1) control or (2) the PMT-informed intervention. Six weeks post-intervention, 924 (93% retention) self-reported PMT constructs and behavioral intentions. Bootstrapped mediations evaluated the direct effect of the intervention on behavioral intentions and the mediating role of PMT constructs. There was no direct intervention effect on intentions for risk-reducing medication or MRI (p’s ≥ 0.12). There were significant indirect effects on risk-reducing medication intentions via perceived risk, self-efficacy, and response efficacy, and on MRI intentions via perceived risk and response efficacy (p’s ≤ 0.04). The PMT-informed intervention effected behavioral intentions via perceived breast cancer risk, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Future research should extend these findings from intentions to behavior. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03029286 (date of registration: January 24, 2017).

scholarly journals Social Networks, Trust, and Disaster-Risk Perceptions of Rural Residents in a Multi-Disaster Environment: Evidence from Sichuan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijing Xue ◽  
Shili Guo ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Shaoquan Liu ◽  
Dingde Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
The Impact

Individual perception of disaster risk is not only the product of individual factors, but also the product of social interactions. However, few studies have empirically explored the correlations between rural residents’ flat social networks, trust in pyramidal channels, and disaster-risk perceptions. Taking Sichuan Province—a typical disaster-prone province in China—as an example and using data from 327 rural households in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, this paper measured the level of participants’ disaster-risk perception in the four dimensions of possibility, threat, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Then, the ordinary least squares method was applied to probe the correlations between social networks, trust, and residents’ disaster-risk perception. The results revealed four main findings. (1) Compared with scores relating to comprehensive disaster-risk perception, participants had lower perception scores relating to possibility and threat, and higher perception scores relating to self-efficacy and response efficacy. (2) The carrier characteristics of their social networks significantly affected rural residents’ perceived levels of disaster risk, while the background characteristics did not. (3) Different dimensions of trust had distinct effects on rural residents’ disaster-risk perceptions. (4) Compared with social network variables, trust was more closely related to the perceived level of disaster risks, which was especially reflected in the impact on self-efficacy, response efficacy, and comprehensive perception. The findings of this study deepen understanding of the relationship between social networks, trust, and disaster-risk perceptions of rural residents in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, providing enlightenment for building resilient disaster-prevention systems in the community.

scholarly journals How Information Sources, Risk Perception, and Efficacy Appraisal Predicted Engagement in Protective Behaviors Against COVID-19: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey in China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Raymond Rui ◽  
Keqing Yang ◽  
Juan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Expert Sources

BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic has become a major public health threat worldwide, it is critical to understand what factors affect individual engagement in protective actions. Because of its authoritarian political system and state-owned media system, how Chinese individuals engaged in protective actions against COVID-19 might be different compared to other countries. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study is to examine how the source of information about COVID-19, Chinese individuals’ risk perception of COVID-19 (i.e., perceived severity and perceived susceptibility), and their efficacy appraisal in controlling COVID-19 (i.e., response efficacy and self-efficacy) affected their engagement in protective actions. Additionally, this study aims to investigate whether there is any difference in these relationships throughout the duration of this pandemic. METHODS A six-wave repeated cross-sectional survey (N = 1942) was conducted in six major cities in China between February 7 and April 23, 2020. Participants’ reliance on expert versus inexpert sources for information about COVID-19, their perceived severity of and susceptibility to COVID-19, their response efficacy and self-efficacy, and their engagement in protective actions (staying at home, wearing a facemask, and washing hands) were measured. Demographic variables (sex, age, income, education, and city of residence), knowledge of COVID-19, and self-rated health condition were controlled. RESULTS Reliance on expert sources did not become the major factor that motivated these actions until wave 3, and the negative effect of inexpert sources on these actions was limited to wave 2. Perceived severity encouraged some protective behaviors but its effect varied depending on the specific behavior. In addition, perceived severity exhibited a stronger effect on these behaviors compared to perceived susceptibility. The positive effect of response efficacy was only significant at waves 1 and 2 and limited to certain behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Chinese individuals’ engagement in protective behaviors might not entirely be their autonomous decision but a result of compliance with executive orders. After the early outbreak, expert sources started to facilitate protective behaviors, suggesting that it might take time to develop trust in these sources. The facilitating effect of perceived severity lasted throughout the duration of the pandemic, but that of response efficacy was limited to the early stage. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals COVID-19 risk perception among Indonesians in early stage of the outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Ratih Oktri Nanda ◽  
Lolita Lolita ◽  
Wiwik Indayati ◽  
Ivong Rusdiyanti ◽  
Nurjannah Nurjannah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Response Efficacy

Indonesia confirmed its first coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) case on 2nd March 2020, when other countries have already reported several numbers in the previous month. This study aimed to explore the risk perception of Indonesians in the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 495 participants using a web-based questionnaire. Primary data were collected from 3rd to 27th March 2020 including the perceived severity, vulnerability, threat, self, and response efficacy of the participants. The results showed that the perceived threat of the outbreak in its early stage is the second highest compared to other diseases. The perceived severity among the participants was high. However, they had a low vulnerability. Those in the middle region showed a higher level of self and response efficacy. Meanwhile, people who work as private sector employee (β=0.146, p=0.004), live in the western region (β=-0.184, p=0.000), with a higher knowledge score (β=0.096, p=0.032) had a higher perceived threat. These results found those who had high knowledge, was also had higher perceived risk. The most important of these studies have determined various factors related to risk perception, thus it could be good preliminary evidence for public health authorities to arrange an effective way for epidemic control.

scholarly journals Self-Affirmation Effect on Risk Perception and the Moderating Role of Self-Efficacy in Anti-Alcohol Messages

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Milena Stanojlović Ph.D ◽  
Prof. Ubaldo Cuesta Cambra ◽  
Ph.D. Candidate Borja Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
The People ◽  
Daily Alcohol Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Message Acceptance

The beneficial effect of self-affirmation on the reduction of people’s defensive responses and the increase in message acceptance has been widely demonstrated in different health-related topics. However, little is known about the specific conditions in which self-affirmation strategies might be more effective. Our objective is to explore the interplay of self-affirmation and self-efficacy in the context of alcohol consumption. Recruited participants were randomly assigned to either a self-affirmation group or a no-treatment group and exposed to a video describing several consequences of alcohol consumption. Following the message exposure, participant’s drinking refusal self-efficacy was measured together with their perceived risk of daily alcohol intake. In line with our predictions, self-affirmed individuals who reported higher drinking refusal self-efficacy perceived daily alcohol consumption as a significantly higher risk than those who were assigned to the no-treatment condition. In contrast, for individuals with low drinking refusal self-efficacy, there was no significant difference in the perceived risk between the self-affirmed and the non-affirmed. We predicted and showed that self-affirmation influences the risk perception of daily drinking only for the people who reported higher drinking refusal self-efficacy. This indicates that self-efficacy could be an important factor that moderates the effect of self-affirmation in alcohol consumption domain.

scholarly journals Do Perceived Risk, Perception of Self-Efficacy, and Openness to Technology Matter for Solar PV Adoption? An Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5008
Author(s):  
Arifa Tanveer ◽  
Shihong Zeng ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Rui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Perception Of Self ◽  
The Government

Solar PV (photovoltaic) technology has gained considerable attention worldwide, as it can help reduce the adverse effects of CO2 emissions. Though the government of Pakistan is adopting solar PV technology due to its environmental friendliness nature, studies focusing on consumer’s acceptance of solar PV are limited in the country. This research aims to close this knowledge gap by looking into the various considerations that may influence consumers’ willingness to adopt (WTA) solar PV for household purposes. The study further contributes by expanding the conceptual framework of the theory of planned behavior by including three novel factors (perceived risk, perception of self-efficacy, and openness to technology). The analysis is based on questionnaire data collected from 683 households in Pakistan’s provincial capitals, including Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta, Gilgit, and Karachi. The proposed hypotheses are investigated using the state-of-the-art structural equation modeling approach. The empirical results reveal that social norms, perception of self-efficacy, and belief about solar PV benefits positively influence consumers’ WTA solar PV. On the contrary, the perceived risk and solar PV cost have negative effects. Notably, the openness to technology has an insignificant effect. This study can help government officials and policymakers explore cost-effective, risk-free technologies to lessen the environmental burden and make the country more sustainable. Based on research results, study limitations, as well as prospective research directions, are also addressed.

scholarly journals Risk Perception and Behavioral Responses Related to COVID-19 Among the Iranian General Population: An Application of the Extended Parallel Process Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Jahangiry ◽  
Fatemeh Bakhtari ◽  
Zahara Sohrabi ◽  
Parvin Reihani ◽  
Sirous Samei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a major global public health challenge. Psychosocial and cultural factors affect adherence to health advice. This study aims to investigate how people have perceived the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of EPPM (i.e., recommended response efficacy, self-efficacy, susceptibility, and severity) and how their behavioral responses contributed to the prevention and control of the disease.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted online in Iran in March and April. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire via Porsline. Participants were recruited using online applications and posts on platforms such as Telegram, WhatsApp, and Instagram asking people to take part. The posts asked people aged 15 years and over to take part in a study investigating the control and prevention of COVID-19. EPPM was used to develop a questionnaire measuring the risk perception of and behavioral responses to COVID-19. We used a 29-item, standardized, structured format. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests were used to compare groups. In all tests, a value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 3,727 individuals with a mean age (SD) of 37.0 (11.1) years participated in the study. The results by age category revealed significant progressive increases in perceived susceptibility, perceived self-efficacy, and avoidance response scores, particularly among those aged 60 and over. A total of 56.4% of participants were engaging in danger control processes and 43.6% in fear control processes. Women had significantly higher scores than men for self-efficacy, reactance, and avoidance defensive responses; men had higher perceived susceptibility scores for COVID-19 than women. We also found significantly higher scores for behavioral responses among people with advanced educational backgrounds. Conclusion: more than half of all participants motivated by danger control. This indicates that more than half of participants had high perceived efficacy (i.e., self-efficacy and response efficacy) scores. Self-efficacy scores were significantly higher among participants who were older, female, single, lived in rural areas, or had good economic status. The results of our study suggest that socioeconomic and demographic factors are the main determinants of psychological responses to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Preparedness for self-isolation or quarantine and lockdown in South Africa: results from a rapid online survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibusiso Sifunda ◽  
Tholang Mokhele ◽  
Thabang Manyaapelo ◽  
Natisha Dukhi ◽  
Ronel Sewpaul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Black Africans ◽  
Essential Components

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic a public health emergency of international concern. South Africa, like many other countries, initiated a multifaceted national response to the pandemic. Self-isolation and quarantine are essential components of the public health response in the country. This paper examined perceptions and preparedness for self-isolation or quarantine during the initial phase of the pandemic in South Africa. Methods The analysis used data obtained from an online quantitative survey conducted in all nine provinces using a data-free platform. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse the data. Results Of 55,823 respondents, 40.1% reported that they may end up in self-isolation or quarantine, 32.6% did not think that they would and 27.4% were unsure. Preparedness for self-isolation or quarantine was 59.0% for self, 53.8% for child and 59.9% for elderly. The odds of perceived possibility for self-isolation or quarantine were significantly higher among Coloureds, Whites, and Indians/Asians than Black Africans, and among those with moderate or high self-perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 than those with low risk perception. The odds were significantly lower among older age groups than those aged 18–29 years, and those unemployed than fully employed. The odds of preparedness for self-isolation or quarantine were significantly less likely among females than males. Preparedness for self, child and elderly isolation or quarantine was significantly more likely among other population groups than Black Africans and among older age groups than those aged 18–29 years. Preparedness for self, child and elderly isolation or quarantine was significantly less likely among those self-employed than fully employed and those residing in informal dwellings than formal dwellings. In addition, preparedness for self-isolation or quarantine was significantly less likely among those with moderate and high self-perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 than low risk perception. Conclusion The findings highlight the challenge of implementing self-isolation or quarantine in a country with different and unique social contexts. There is a need for public awareness regarding the importance of self-isolation or quarantine as well as counter measures against contextual factors inhibiting this intervention, especially in impoverished communities.

Self-perceived risk of STIs in a population-based study of Scandinavian women

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Guleria ◽  
Mette Tuxen Faber ◽  
Bo T Hansen ◽  
Lisen Arnheim-Dahlström ◽  
Kai-Li Liaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveThis study examined the associations between current behaviours/characteristics and self-perceived risk for STIs, among randomly selected women aged 18–45 years from Denmark, Norway and Sweden.MethodA population-based, cross-sectional, questionnaire study (paper based, web based and telephone based) was conducted during 2011–2012. We compared medium–high STI risk perception with no/low risk perception. The associations were explored for women who had ever had sexual intercourse and for women with a new partner in the last 6 months using multivariable logistic regression.ResultThe overall prevalence of medium–high STI risk perception was 7.4%. It was highest among women aged 18–24 years (16.2%) and among the Danish women (8.8%). Number of new sexual partners in the last 6 months (≥3vs 0 partners, OR 14.94, 95% CI 13.20 to 16.94) was strongly associated with medium–high STI risk perception. Among women with a new partner in the last 6 months, lack of condom use increased medium–high STI risk perception (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.52 to 1.96). Genital warts in the last year, binge drinking and being single were associated with increased risk perception and remained statistically significant after additional adjustments were made for number of new partners and condom use with new partners in the last 6 months.ConclusionSubjective perception of risk for STI was associated with women’s current risk-taking behaviours, indicating women generally are able to assess their risks for STIs. However, a considerable proportion of women with multiple new partners in the last 6 months and no condom use still considered themselves at no/low risk for STI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document