scholarly journals Altered Dynamic Amplitude of Low-frequency Fluctuations in Patients with Postpartum Depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanghui Dong ◽  
Zhongsheng Zhang ◽  
Tongpeng Chu ◽  
Kaili Che ◽  
Yuna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
Window Method

Abstract Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mood disorder with increasing incidence year by year. However, the dynamic changes in local neural activity remain unclear. In this study, we utilized the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency (dALFF) to investigate the abnormal temporal variability of local neural activity. Methods Twenty-four patients with PPD and nineteen healthy postpartum women controls (HCs) matched for age, education level and body mass index were examined by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). A sliding-window method was used to assess the dALFF, and a k-means clustering method was used to identify dALFF states. Two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences of dALFF variability and state metrics between PPD and HCs. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between dALFF variability, states metrics and clinical severity. Results (1) Patients with PPD had lower variance of dALFF than HCs in the cognitive control network, cerebellar network, and sensorimotor network. (2) Four dALFF states were identified, and the number of transitions between the four dALFF states increased in the patients compared with that in HCs. (3) Multiple dALFF states were found to be correlated with the severity of depression. The variance of dALFF in the right middle frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale score. Conclusion This study provides new insights into the brain dysfunction of PPD from the perspective of dynamic local brain activity, and highlights its important role in understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of PPD.

scholarly journals Dynamic Altered Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiping Zheng ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Mengmeng Wen ◽  
Bingqian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
The Right

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has demonstrated abnormalities of static intrinsic brain activity measured by amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF). Recent studies regarding the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) have found the brain activity is inherently dynamic over time. Little is known, however, regarding the temporal dynamics of local neural activity in MDD. Here, we investigated whether temporal dynamic changes in spontaneous neural activity are influenced by MDD.Methods: We recruited 81 first-episode, drug-naive MDD patients and 64 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls who underwent rs-fMRI. A sliding-window approach was then adopted for the estimation of dynamic ALFF (dALFF), which was used to measure time-varying brain activity and then compared between the two groups. The relationship between altered dALFF variability and clinical variables in MDD patients was also analyzed.Results: MDD patients showed increased temporal variability (dALFF) mainly focused on the bilateral thalamus, the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, the right middle frontal gyrus, the bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe, and the vermis. Furthermore, increased dALFF variability values in the right thalamus and right cerebellum posterior lobe were positively correlated with MDD symptom severity.Conclusions: The overall results suggest that altered temporal variability in corticocerebellar–thalamic–cortical circuit (CCTCC), involved in emotional, executive, and cognitive, is associated with drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients. Moreover, our study highlights the vital role of abnormal dynamic brain activity in the cerebellar hemisphere associated with CCTCC in MDD patients. These findings may provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD.

scholarly journals Investigation of changes in the activity and function of dry eye-associated brain regions using the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations(ALFF)method

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie Sun ◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Jie-Li Wu ◽  
Ting Su ◽  
Yu-Ji Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Middle Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Spontaneous Brain Activity ◽  
Frequency Fluctuations

Objective: The local characteristics of spontaneous brain activity in patients with dry eye (DE) and its relationship with clinical characteristics were evaluated using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) method. Methods: A total of 27 patients with DE (10 males and 17 females) and 28 healthy controls (HCs) (10 males and 18 females) were recruited, matched according to sex, age, weight, and height, classified into the DE and HC groups, and examined using functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Spontaneous brain activity changes were recorded using ALFF technology. Data were recorded and plotted on the receiver operating characteristic curve, reflecting changes in activity in different brain areas. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was used to calculate the potential relationship between spontaneous brain activity abnormalities in multiple brain regions and clinical features in patients with DE. GraphPad Prism 8 (GraphPad Software, Inc.) was used to analyze the linear correlation between the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and ALFF value. Results: Compared with HCs, the ALFF values of patients with DE were decreased in the right middle frontal gyrus/right inferior orbitofrontal cortex, left triangle inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, and right superior frontal gyrus. In contrast, the ALFF value of patients with DE was increased in the left calcarine. Conclusion: There are significant fluctuations in the ALFF value of specific brain regions in patients with DE versus HCs. This corroborates previous evidence showing that the symptoms of ocular surface damage in patients with DE are related to dysfunction in specific brain areas.

Aberrant Resting-State Regional Activity in Patients with Postpartum Depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufen Zhang ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
xiaoming hou ◽  
Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the alterations of individual local connectivity by regional homogeneity (ReHo) in patients with postpartum depression (PPD) during resting state, and their potential correlations with clinical severity. Thirty patients with PPD and twenty-nine matched healthy postpartum women within 4 weeks after delivery were recruited and performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. The ReHo value was computed as Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (KCC) in the present study, and intergroup differences in the voxel manner were analyzed. Correlations between ReHo values and clinical variables were also analyzed. Compared with healthy postpartum women, patients with PPD exhibited significantly higher ReHo in left precuneus and right hippocampus. ReHo was significantly lower in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right insula. Furthermore, ReHo values within the dlPFC negatively correlated with the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) score. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the above four brain regions are all over 0.7. This study provided evidences of aberrant regional functional activity within brain regions involved in the maternal care network in PPD, and may contribute to the further understanding of neurobiology underlying PPD.

scholarly journals Associations between commonly used patient-reported outcome tools in postpartum depression clinical practice and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-735
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Gerbasi ◽  
Adi Eldar-Lissai ◽  
Sarah Acaster ◽  
Moshe Fridman ◽  
Vijayveer Bonthapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract The objective of this study is to explore the associations between the patient-reported Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 and clinician-reported 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) in order to facilitate clinical decision-making. An integrated efficacy dataset of three randomized placebo-controlled trials (NCT02614547, NCT02942004, and NCT02942017) evaluating brexanolone injection, a neuroactive steroid chemically identical to allopregnanolone, in women with postpartum depression was used for this post hoc analysis. Data were pooled across treatment arms. Associations were assessed at day 30 (end-of-trial follow-up). Pearson correlation assessed the relationship between EPDS and PHQ-9 item and total scores and HAMD-17 total score. Cohen’s kappa assessed agreement of EPDS remission (score < 10) and PHQ-9 remission (score < 5) with HAMD-17 remission (score ≤ 7). Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were used to develop equations estimating HAMD-17 total scores from EPDS and PHQ-9 scores, respectively. The total scores showed large correlations (HAMD-17/EPDS: r = 0.71, p < 0.001; HAMD-17/PHQ-9: r = 0.75, p < 0.001). Individual EPDS and PHQ-9 items significantly correlated (r= 0.35 to 0.67, all p < 0.001) with HAMD-17 total score. EPDS had 79% sensitivity and 67% specificity to detect HAMD-17 remission; corresponding estimates for PHQ-9 were 76% and 78%. OLS models yielded the following equations: HAMD-17 total = 2.66 + (EPDS total × 0.87) and HAMD-17 total = 3.99 + (PHQ-9 total × 0.97). There were large and statistically significant associations between patient-reported outcomes (EPDS, PHQ-9) and clinician-reported outcomes (HAMD-17) as clinical improvements were associated with patient-reported symptom improvement. These results provide tools to help translate clinical trial data to clinical practice, thus aiding shared decision-making for this critical population.

scholarly journals Postpartum depression and its accomplices in Peshawar; a metropolitan city of Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1147-1155
Author(s):  
Afeera Afsheen ◽  
◽  
Khaula Atif Khan ◽  
Javaria Nosheen ◽  
Sobia Mehreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To analyze prevalence and severity of postnatal depression among females of a major but socio-culturally traditional city of Pakistan, with an aim to pinpoint eminent demographic and medical accomplices. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Combined Military Hospital Peshawar. Period: Feb 2016 to Feb 2017. Material & Methods: Sample was collected via random probability technique. A self-designed questionnaire was used; encompassing demographic details and information regarding obstetric and family history. Screening tool was Standardized “Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS)”. Descriptive analysis done via SPSS-21. Outcome variable (EPDS) was cross-tabulated with independent variables, correlations were generated by Pearson 2-tailed bivariate analysis; p-value<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Response rate was 52.2% (n-402). Low, moderate and high risk patients for developing depression were 27.1% (n-109), 15.4% (n-62) & 12.9% (n-52) respectively. There was a strong relation between outcome and age(p<0.001), education(p-0.001), socio-economic class(p-0.013), bad obstetric history(BOH)( p-0.009), age of Last Child Born(LCB)( p-0.010), mode of delivery(p-0.011), postpartum phase(p<0.001) and postpartum complications(p-0.003). Number of sons was negatively correlated with EPDS-scores (Pearson correlation co-efficient -0.128 and p-0.01). There was no significant impact of years since married (p-0.349; husband’s education (p-0.397), number of children (p-0.966) or daughters (p-0.063) and previous offspring’s death (p-0.076). Conclusion: Considerable risk of developing postpartum depression was detected among the respondents. Sociodemograhic aggravators were identified to be maternal age, less interpregnancy interval, delivery by SVD, gender of children and postpartum complications. Postpartum depression can be detected by screening/diagnosing every postnatal woman and then promptly treating the sufferers. Imperative measures are opined to identify and vigorously address the sociodemographic and medical aggravating factors. Collaboration of psychiatrists/psychologists is highly recommended in obstetric set-ups.

scholarly journals The Influence of Carbon Dioxide on Brain Activity and Metabolism in Conscious Humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Jinsoo Uh ◽  
Matthew R Brier ◽  
John Hart ◽  
Uma S Yezhuvath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reserve ◽  
Suppression Effect ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Scalp Electroencephalogram

A better understanding of carbon dioxide (CO2) effect on brain activity may have a profound impact on clinical studies using CO2 manipulation to assess cerebrovascular reserve and on the use of hypercapnia as a means to calibrate functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal. This study investigates how an increase in blood CO2, via inhalation of 5% CO2, may alter brain activity in humans. Dynamic measurement of brain metabolism revealed that mild hypercapnia resulted in a suppression of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen ( CMRO 2) by 13.4%±2.3% ( N=14) and, furthermore, the CMRO 2 change was proportional to the subject's end-tidal CO2 (Et-CO2) change. When using functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) to assess the changes in resting-state neural activity, it was found that hypercapnia resulted in a reduction in all fcMRI indices assessed including cluster volume, cross-correlation coefficient, and amplitude of the fcMRI signal in the default-mode network (DMN). The extent of the reduction was more pronounced than similar indices obtained in visual-evoked fMRI, suggesting a selective suppression effect on resting-state neural activity. Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) studies comparing hypercapnia with normocapnia conditions showed a relative increase in low frequency power in the EEG spectra, suggesting that the brain is entering a low arousal state on CO2 inhalation.

The Attenuation of Very Low Frequency Brain Oscillations in Transitions from a Rest State to Active Attention

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzannah K. Helps ◽  
Samantha J. Broyd ◽  
Christopher J. James ◽  
Anke Karl ◽  
Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interference Hypothesis ◽  
Mode Interference

Background: The default mode interference hypothesis ( Sonuga-Barke & Castellanos, 2007 ) predicts (1) the attenuation of very low frequency oscillations (VLFO; e.g., .05 Hz) in brain activity within the default mode network during the transition from rest to task, and (2) that failures to attenuate in this way will lead to an increased likelihood of periodic attention lapses that are synchronized to the VLFO pattern. Here, we tested these predictions using DC-EEG recordings within and outside of a previously identified network of electrode locations hypothesized to reflect DMN activity (i.e., S3 network; Helps et al., 2008 ). Method: 24 young adults (mean age 22.3 years; 8 male), sampled to include a wide range of ADHD symptoms, took part in a study of rest to task transitions. Two conditions were compared: 5 min of rest (eyes open) and a 10-min simple 2-choice RT task with a relatively high sampling rate (ISI 1 s). DC-EEG was recorded during both conditions, and the low-frequency spectrum was decomposed and measures of the power within specific bands extracted. Results: Shift from rest to task led to an attenuation of VLFO activity within the S3 network which was inversely associated with ADHD symptoms. RT during task also showed a VLFO signature. During task there was a small but significant degree of synchronization between EEG and RT in the VLFO band. Attenuators showed a lower degree of synchrony than nonattenuators. Discussion: The results provide some initial EEG-based support for the default mode interference hypothesis and suggest that failure to attenuate VLFO in the S3 network is associated with higher synchrony between low-frequency brain activity and RT fluctuations during a simple RT task. Although significant, the effects were small and future research should employ tasks with a higher sampling rate to increase the possibility of extracting robust and stable signals.

PREVALENCE AND RELATED FACTORS OF POSTNATAL DEPRESSION IN HIV INFECTED WOMEN

2014 ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Manh Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Cao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Background and Objective: HIV infection is also a cause of postpartum depression, however, in Vietnam, there has not yet the prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. The objective is to determine prevalence and related factors of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. Materials and Methods: From November 30th, 2012 to March 30th, 2014, a prospective cohort study is done at Dong Nai and Binh Duong province. The sample includes135 HIV infected women and 405 non infected women (ratio 1/3) who accepted to participate to the research. We used “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening test when women hospitalized for delivery and 1 week, 6weeks postpartum. Mother who score EPDS ≥ 13 are likely to be suffering from depression. We exclude women who have EPDS ≥ 13 since just hospitalize. Data are collected by a structural questionaire. Results: At 6 weeks postpartum, prevalence of depression in HIV infected women is 61%, in the HIV non infected women is 8.7% (p < 0.001). There are statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between two groups for some factors: education, profession, income, past history of depression, child’s health, breast feeding. Logistical regression analysis determine these factors are related with depression: late diagnosis of HIV infection, child infected of HIV, feeling guilty of HIV infected and feeling guilty with their family. Multivariate regression analysis showed 4 factors are related with depression: HIV infection, living in the province, child’s health, past history of depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women is 61.2%; risk of depression of postnatal HIV infected women is 6.4 times the risk of postnatal HIV non infected women, RR=6.4 (95% CI:4.3 – 9.4). Domestic women have lower risk than immigrant women from other province, RR=0.72 (95% CI:0.5 – 0.9). Past history of depression is a risk factor with RR=1.7 (95% CI:1.02 – 0.9. Women whose child is weak or die, RR=1.7(95% CI:0.9 – 3.1). Keywords: Postpartum depression, HIV-positive postpartum women

Is there a relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Erfan Ayubi ◽  
Saeid Bashirian ◽  
Ronak Hamzehei ◽  
Ensiyeh Jenabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression (PPD) is poorly understood and seldom studied. Objective: In an effort to explore this issue, the present study investigated the relationship between gestational diabetes and PPD. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed with 342 women who were referred to four urban health centers of Hamadan city, west of Iran. We used convenience sampling as a method to recruit women in each health center. We used a researcher-made checklist for gathering data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential risk factors of PPD. The Persian validated version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess PPD. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression was applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]). Results: Gestational diabetes was identified as the most important risk factor for PPD with OR (95% CI) of 2.19 (1.11, 4.31); P-value=0.02 after adjusting for other variables. Moreover, the adjusted odds ratio showed that PPD among lesseducated women (primary school) was 3.5 times higher compared to women with a university education (OR=3.54, 95% CI: 1.27, 9.84; P-value=0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that PPD is more likely among women with gestational diabetes and those who were less educated. Interventional and educational activities for reducing the risk of PPD can be targeted for use with this population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document