scholarly journals Assessment of Anthelmintic Property and Insilico study of phytocompounds in roots of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raveesha Peeriga ◽  
Keerthi Priyanka Adarapu ◽  
Kavya Sri Sanivar ◽  
Jyothsna Kanumuri ◽  
Rikith Swamy Akunuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Death Time ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background:Worm infections in developing countries were reported high. Phytoconstituents have been a vital role for the treatment of many ailments. The current study was aimed assess for anthelmintic activity of different root extracts of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. belongs to the family Ebanaceae against Pheretima posthuma. Further Insilico study was carried out for phytocompounds present in Dechaschistia. Results: The chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol extract of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. were considered for the study of anthelmintic property on earthworms at concentrations 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml. During this study, the parameters paralysis time (Pt) and Death Time (Dt) of adult Indian earthworms was observed. As a standard and control Albendazole 10 mg/ml and 2% Tween 80 in distilled water were taken respectively. The study resulted that ethanolic extract was significant when compared with the Albendazole 10 mg/ml. Docking studies revealed the all phytocompounds in Dechaschistia shown binding affinity, however comparatively scopoletin and stigmasterol had shown a good binding affinitiy about -7.7 Kcal/mol and -7.6 Kcal/mol compared to standard drug Albendazole which was shown about -8.7 Kcal/mol. Conclusion: The study revealed that the ethanol extract of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. at a concentration of 60mg/ml exhibited a stronger anthelmintic property compared to Albendazole 10mg/ml. A dose dependent anthelmintic activity is exerted by all the extracts in an ascending manner Chloroform<Ethyl acetate<Ethanol. These observations were made evidenced by docking studies of phytocompounds in Dechaschistia as the phytocompounds were shown excellent docking score when compared with standard Albendazole.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTHELMINTIC AND ANTI-AMYLASE PROPERTIES OF GARCINIA PEDUNCULATA ROXB. ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Pinky Sarmah ◽  
Nako Kobing ◽  
Jyotchna Gogoi ◽  
Ananta Madhab Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Control Sets ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
And Control

<p><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>The present study aims to investigate <em>in vitro</em> anthelmintic and anti-amylase properties of the ethanolic fruit extract of <em>Garcinia pedunculata</em>.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>:<strong> </strong>For the study, mature fruits of <em>G. pedunculata</em> were collected from local markets during April-May. Fleshy pericarps of fruits were chopped into small pieces, dried and extracted by using a Soxhlet apparatus. Ethanol extract of <em>G. pedunculata</em> was used for evaluation of <em>in vitro</em> anthelmintic and anti-amylase activities. <em>In vitro</em> anthelmintic activity was evaluated in animal models, <em>Pheretima posthuma</em>, an earthworm species. <em>In vitro</em> anti-amylase activity was evaluated by using zymographic, achromic point analysis (Starch-Iodine method) and spectrophotometric method [Di Nitro Salicylic acid (DNS)–Maltose method].</p><p><strong>Results</strong>:<strong> </strong>Ethanolic extract of <em>G. pedunculata</em> showed anthelmintic activity at a concentration of 75 mg/ml, paralysis and death timing was reported at 0.62±0.26 min and 1.42±0.07 min, respectively. The reference standard (Albendazole) showed paralysis time: 2.13±0.28 min and death time: 5.12±0.29 min. In the anti-amylase study, a zymographic density analysis of <em>G. pedunculata</em> showed significant variation in band intensity as compared to Starch–Iodine achromic point analysis and DNS–Maltose method. A concentration of 1.5 mg/ml of extract showed inhibition of amylase: 67.65±1.53 % as compared to other concentrations and control sets.</p><strong>Conclusion</strong>:<strong> </strong>It could be concluded that ethanolic extract of <em>G. pedunculata</em>has biological properties which could be utilised in medicine by characterising its bioactive components.<p> </p>

scholarly journals Antihelmintic Effect of Embelia Tsjeriam-Cottam

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
Manjusha Suresh Nikam ◽  
◽  
Md. Rageeb Md. Usman ◽  
Gautam P. Vadnere ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Better Than

The present study was undertaken to investigate the anthelmintic activity of extract of Embelia tsjeriam-Cottam using earthworm. Different concentrations of standard drug (Albendazole) and extract of Embeliatsjeriam-Cottam fruits were employed and the average time required for paralysis and death was noted. It was found that the Paralysis time & Death time was the lowest for 5% concentration of Ethanolic extract and Death time was slightly better than the Albendazole Standard solution. Though Ethanolic Extract can be compared to the Standard hence establishing the pharmacological antihelminthic activity of Embelia tsjeriam-Cottam.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro anthelmintic activity of extracts of jasminum sessiliflorum

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2542-2544
Author(s):  
Ruby Philip ◽  
Kathiresan Krishnasamy ◽  
Elessy Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Common

Plant preparations are most popular from ancient times for the treatment of various diseases. The ancient people had an appreciable on the application and usage of plant preparations for the common ailments. Based on the investigation, it has been found that various species of this plant has been used as an anthelmintic. The extracts of Jasminum sessiliflorum was investigated for anthelmintic potential using earthworms, Pheretima posthuma. Different concentration of plant extracts were used for the evaluation. Albendazole (10 mg/ml) was used as reference standard drug. The method employs the determination of paralysis time and death time of the worms and these results were recorded. Extracts showed significant activity. The ethanolic extract was found to be most efficient.

Design, Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of New Thiazole Derivatives as Anthelmintic Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 5075-5081
Author(s):  
Sirisha Kalam ◽  
Sai Krishn G ◽  
Kumara Swamy D ◽  
Sai Santhoshi K ◽  
Durga Prasad K
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Molecular Property ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Lipinski’S Rule ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Tubulin Protein

Pharmacological agents that kills parasites are essential drugs in some tropical countries. In this study, a series of 2-amino substituted 4-phenyl thiazole derivatives (4a-e) have been synthesized by the conventional method. The thiazole derivatives were synthesized by three steps. The obtained five derivatives were purified by recrystallization using methanol as a solvent or column chromatography. They were characterized by melting point, TLC, FTIR, 1H NMR and MASS spectral data. Compounds 4a-e were evaluated in silico by using different software’s (Lipinski’s Rule of 5, OSIRIS molecular property explorer, Molsoft molecular property explorer, and PASS & docking studies). These compounds were then evaluated for their possible anthelmintic activity against Indian adult earth worms (Pherituma postuma). All the compounds displayed significant anthelmintic activity. Compound 4c and 4e were more potent compounds when compared with the standard drug (mebendazole). Molecular docking studies guided and proved the biological activity against beta tubulin protein (1OJ0). In conclusions, these new molecules have promising potential as anthelmintic for treatment of parasites.   

Pharmacognostic and antidysentery screening of mixed ethanol leaf extract of Parkia biglobosa and Acanthus montanus (50:50)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 017-039
Author(s):  
Felix Ngozichukwuka Osuala ◽  
Kehinde Shogo Fagbenja ◽  
Philippe PE Mounmbegna
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Faecal Consistency

Introduction: Parkia biglobosa belong to the family mimosaceae and Acanthus montanus belong to the family acanthaceae. The plants both have a multipurpose use as herbal medicine. Aim: This work investigate the pharmacognostic standard and anti-dysentery activity of the mixed ethanol extract of both plants on E. histolytical induced dysentery. Method: The phytochemical, chemo microscopy and proximate analysis were carried out using the standard procedures. The mixed extract of ratio 50:50 was administered to different groups of rats at different doses. Loperamide was administered as standard drug. The change in faecal consistency was observed and recorded. Result: The phytochemical analysis shows the presence of alkaloids, tannins, proteins, glycosides and carbohydrates. Chemomicroscopy of both plants showed the presence of starch, calcium oxalate, lignin, cellulose. While the extractive value analysis gave 25.0% and 32.7% for water extractive value and ethanol extractive value respectively (for Acanthus montanus) and 23.0% and 30.0% for water extractive value and ethanol extractive value respectively (for Parkiabiglobosa). The absence of death at 5000mg/kg of the extract shows that the lethal dose of the ethanol extract of the plant mixture is higher than 5000mg/kg which may be an indication of safety of the mixture. The anti-dysentery activity of the mixture of both plants with different concentration of 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract showed a significant change in the faecal consistency of the rats. The effect obtained on the administration of 500mg/kg body weight of the extract mixture is more comparable to the standard (loperamide). Conclusion: The synergistic use of the extract contains the secondary metabolites glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, which may be responsible for their anti-dysentery synergistic activity. Mixed extracts from both leaves of P. biglobosa and A. montanus can be recommended as an anti-dysentery agent.

scholarly journals Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics Evaluation of Ranitidine Microemulsion on Experimental Animals

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sajal Kumar Jha ◽  
Roopa Karki ◽  
Venkatesh Dinnekere Puttegowda ◽  
Amitava Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Alternative Drug ◽  
And Control ◽  
Antiulcer Therapy

Ranitidine microemulsion was investigated for its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic evaluation to find out the suitability of microemulsion as a potential drug delivery system in the treatment of ulcer. The bioavailability of ranitidine after oral administration is about 50% and is absorbed via the small intestine; this may be due to low intestinal permeability. Hence the aim of present investigation was to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of ranitidine by developing microemulsion to increase the intestinal permeability as well as bioavailability. A ground nut oil based microemulsion formulation with Tween-80 as surfactant and PEG-400 as cosurfactant was developed for oral delivery of ranitidine and characterized for physicochemical parameters. In pharmacodynamic studies, significant (P<0.05) variation in parameters estimated was found between the treated and control groups. Ranitidine microemulsion exhibited higher absorption and Cmax (863.20 ng·h/mL) than the standard (442.20 ng/mL). It was found that AUC0–24 hr obtained from the optimized ranitidine test formulation (5426.5 ng·h/mL) was significantly higher than the standard ranitidine (3920.4 ng·h/mL). The bioavailability of optimized formulation was about 1.4-fold higher than that of standard drug. This enhanced bioavailability of ranitidine microemulsion may be used as an effective and alternative drug delivery system for the antiulcer therapy.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn.

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipa Khanam ◽  
Debashish Deb ◽  
Shrabanti Dev ◽  
Masum Shahriar ◽  
Asish K Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Verbenaceae) is very popular among the traditional practitioners in Bangladesh for the treatment of local pain and inflammation, skin diseases, topical burns etc. However, so far no scientific study has been carried out which may support its uses in traditional medicine. In the present study, we evaluated the possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of C. inerme for the first time. Analgesic activity was assessed by using acetic acid-induced writhing and heat-induced pain in mice and anti-inflammatory activity using xylene-induced ear edema in mice at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The extract significantly (P< 0.05) attenuated the acetic acid-induced writhing with the highest activity being observed at 500 mg/kg b.w. (45.83%) comparable to that of diclofenac sodium (57.64%), the standard drug. A significant dosedependent increase (P< 0.05) of the latency period was also observed in hot plate method. In the xylene-induced inflammation assay, the extract showed significant (P<0.05) and dose dependant inhibitory effect on the edema formation. These findings indicate that the extract has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities which support the folkloric claim of this plant and thus it has a great potential as source of natural products-derived drug. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i1.22317 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17(1): 62-66, 2014

scholarly journals Phytoconstituents Isolation and Hepatoprotective Activity Potential of Averrhoa bilimbi Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 573-581
Author(s):  
Raghavendra Prabhu ◽  
Ronald Fernandes ◽  
K. Adarsha Govinda
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Plant Chemical

Objective: To isolate and evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the crude ethanolic leaf extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Methods: The leaves of Averrhoa bilimbi were extracted by cold maceration using ethanol as a solvent, and the solvent fractions were obtained with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. Preliminary phytochemical tests were performed for the presence or absence of secondary metabolites. Plant chemical constituents were isolated using column chromatography and characterized by IR,1HNMR,13CNMR and mass spectroscopic values. Albino rats were treated with the vehicles (distilled water or 2% Tween 80), three different doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of the crude ethanol extract and the standard drug (silymarin 100 mg/kg), and the hepatotoxicant paracetamol. Then, the levels of biomarkers of liver injury – such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) – and liver function such as bilirubin were measured along with histopathological examination. Results: Preliminary phytochemical studies shown the presence of n-docosanoic acid and beta sitosterol from petroleum extract and from ethyl acetate a flavonoid apigenin.The ethanol extract suppressed the plasma levels of AST, ALT and ALP (P=0.05) in the aforementioned doses. Maximum hepatoprotective activity was observed at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: Averrhoa bilimbi is endowed with hepatoprotective activity, probably with the presence its chemical constituents like sterols,flavonoids and terpenoids.

scholarly journals EX-VIVO: ANTHELMINTIC EVALUATION OF BOMBAX CEIBA STEM EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
Sukhbir Lal Khokra ◽  
Sonia Gogat ◽  
Rakesh Narang ◽  
Manish Devgun
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
And Control

Bombax ceiba plant belongs to bombacaceae family and is commonly known as Semal (Hindi) and Cotton tree (English). It has numerous effects like stimulant, astringent, haemostatic, diuretics, antidiarrhoeal, emeticand antipyretic. Major pharmacological activities reported in this plant are hypoglycemic, antianxiety, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory. Numerous side effects and increased resistance to anthelmintic drugs prompted us to discover cost effective safe formulation of conventional medicinal plants. In the present study, research work is focused to evaluate the possible anthelmintic effects of Bombax ceiba. To investigate anthelmintic potential of Bombax ceiba plant, different extracts from dried powder stem bark were tested on adult Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) having physiological & anatomical resemblance with human intestinal roundworm parasites. The drugs were divided in 14 groups consisting of test, standard and control. Each group was consisting of six Indian earthworms of approximately same size. Albendazole was used as standard drug while tween80 in normal saline (1:1) was used as control. The result data reveals that all extracts have significant anthelmintic activity as compared to Albendazole taken as standard drug. The methanolic extract at dose of 50 mg/ml concentration showed paralysis time 30±0.96 minutes and death 33.66±0.71 minutes, which is equivalent to standard drug values at dose of 20 mg/ml. Ethylacetate extract at dose of 50 mg/ml showed paralysis at 28.66±0.71 minutes and death at 34.16±1.10 minutes, which proves that it is even better than standard drug in terms of paralysis time and equipotent in terms of time taken for causing death. Thus among the extracts, ethylacetate and methanolic extracts showed maximum activity with least time taken for paralysis and death of earthworms and were found equally potent as Albendazole at a dose of 50 mg/ml. Thus, Bombax ceiba traditional use in helminitic infestation was proved scientifically. On comparing phytochemical evaluation with anthelmintic activity it is assumed that glycosides may be responsible for this activity. A further investigation may lead development of novel anthelmintic drug or formulation with anthelmintic activity.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF MUSCLE RELAXANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF RHIZOME OF ZINGIBEROFFICINALE

2017 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Juri Das ◽  
Dipankar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
The Family ◽  
Muscle Relaxant Activity ◽  
The Given ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The aim of this study to investigate the Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and evaluation of Muscle relaxant activity of ethanolic extract of Zingiberofficinale (EEZO) belonging to the family Zingiberaceae using Swiss albino mice in comparison with that of standard drug (Lorazepam).Methods: The phytochemical screening of the EEZO was done as per the standard methods. Then the extract was evaluated for its muscle relaxant activity compared with Control which is Normal saline (0.9% NaCl solution) at a dose of 10 ml/kg and standard drug Lorazepam at a dose of 10 mg/kg p. o by using Rota-rod apparatus. Twenty mice were taken of either sex and are divided into four groups and each group contains five animals. The first group was considered as control, the second group considered as standard and the third and fourth group received extracts (EEZO) at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg p. o respectively. All the preparations were administered orally.Results: The Preliminary Phytochemical screening of Ethanolic plant extract of Zingiberofficinale showed the presence of alkaloids, Carbohydrates, phlobotannins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannin and terpenoids and absence of steroids. The two doses of EEZO i.e. 100 mg/kg (7.8±0.421 sec) and 200 mg/kg (3.07±0.385) significantly reduced the fall of time in the Rota-rod apparatus as compared to control (48.67±1.112) with p value<0.0001. The result is quite satisfying when compared with the standard drug i.e. 10 mg/kg p. o. (6.2±0.331).Conclusion: The result of the given study demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale is having Dose Dependent Muscle Relaxant activity.

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