scholarly journals Changes in healthcare workers’ anxiety during two time points of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz ◽  
Carla Romina Herrera ◽  
Shao Bing Fong ◽  
Juan Carlos Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Web Survey ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Evidence on the within-person changes of healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic is absent. This study aimed to examine the within-person changes of anxiety in Argentinean healthcare workers during this pandemic, adjusting for main demographic factors, region, mental disorder history, and COVID-19 contagion. A longitudinal web survey (N = 305) was conducted during two time points of the pandemic, one of which was an infection peak. Anxiety significantly increased across time. However, there were significant interaction effects modulating anxiety levels. The largest anxiety increases occurred in healthcare workers who were wondering if they had contracted COVID-19 while symptomatic. Irrespective of the time point, anxiety was the highest in healthcare workers from a region inside the country who were wondering if they had contracted COVID-19, either asymptomatic or symptomatic. An interaction effect between the mental disorder history and the COVID-19 contagion suggested that the anxiety outcomes were mainly due to the concern about the COVID-19 contagion, rather than due to pre-existing mental health vulnerabilities. An increasing anxiety outcome may be expected among healthcare workers as the pandemic progresses. The uncertainty regarding COVID-19 contagion is a preventable and modifiable interacting factor to produce the worst anxiety outcomes among healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Levels of physical activity in four domains and affective wellbeing before and during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane S. Engels ◽  
Michael Mutz ◽  
Yolanda Demetriou ◽  
Anne K. Reimers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
German Population ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Background Latest studies indicated that the general mental health level is low during the pandemic. Probably, this deterioration of the mental health situation is partly due to declines in physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in and the association between affective wellbeing and levels of different domains of physical activity at three time points before and during the pandemic. Method We used a nationwide online panel with a trend data design encompassing a total sample of N = 3517, representing the German population (> 14 years). Four different activity domains (sport and exercise, light outdoor activity, housework/gardening, active travel) and affective wellbeing (positive and negative affect) were assessed at three time points before and during the Covid-19 pandemic (October 2019, March 2020, October 2020). Results Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) indicate differences regarding affective wellbeing over the three time points with the lowest values at the second time point. Levels of activity in the four domains differed significantly over time with the strongest decrease for sport and exercise from the first to the second time point. Partial correlations indicated that the relationships between sport and exercise and positive affect were most consistent over time. Conclusions Overall, our findings suggest that physical activity plays a particularly important role in the pandemic period as a protective factor against poor mental health. Especially sports and exercise seem to be supportive and should be encouraged, e.g. by providing additional support in finding adequate outdoor, home-based or digital substitutes.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Study on the Changes in Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Psychiatry ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz ◽  
Carla Romina Herrera ◽  
Shao Bing Fong ◽  
Juan Carlos Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Healthcare Workers

Does Social Support Mediate the Association Between Maltreatment Experiences and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Negriff ◽  
Julie A. Cederbaum ◽  
Daniel S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Family Social Support ◽  
Path Models

The current study examined social support as a mediator between maltreatment experiences (number of victimizations, maltreatment types) and depressive symptoms in adolescence. The data came from the first two time points of a longitudinal study of the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development. The enrolled sample were 454 male and females ( n = 303 maltreated, n = 151 comparison) between 9 and 13 years ( M age = 10.82); Time 2 (T2) occurred approximately 1 year after baseline. Maltreatment data came from case records; participants reported on perceived social support and depressive symptoms. Results from path models indicated that depressive symptoms mediated the association between maltreatment experiences (i.e., physical abuse, neglect, and number of maltreatment victimizations) and family social support. There was no evidence that social support functioned as a mediator. This is the first study to find support for depressive symptoms as a mechanism linking maltreatment with decreased perceived family support. These findings point to the importance of assessing mental health and social support simultaneously to understand the functioning of youth with maltreatment histories.

scholarly journals Garments Worker’s Job Stress and Mental Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biplob Kumar Dey ◽  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Mst. Sabiha Sultana ◽  
Sahila Sadaf
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Female Workers

The present study attempted an empirical investigation to explore the job stress and mental health of garment workers as a function of gender and salary. A total of 120 respondents constituted the sample of the study were selected purposively of Chittagong district Bangladesh. Among them 60 workers were male (20 were salary ranges of 4000-8000├, 20 were salary ranges of 8100-12000├ and 20 were salary ranges of above 12000├) and 60 workers were female (20 were salary ranges of 4000-8000├, 20 were salary ranges of 8100-12000├ and 20 were salary ranges of above 12000├). An adapted Bengali version (Rahman and Sorcar, 1990) of ‘Job Stress’ scale and Bengali version (Sorcar and Rahman, 1989) of “Mental Health” scale were used. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings of the present study showed that female workers had significantly more job stress (F=72.07, df =1, p<.00) than male workers and lowest salary ranges workers had significantly more job stress (F=20.78, df =2, p<.00) than highest salary ranges workers. No significant interaction effect found between gender and salary according to job stress. On the other hand, gender had no significant effect on mental health and highest salary ranges workers had significantly more mental health (F =5.71, df =2, p<.00) than lowest salary ranges workers. No significant interaction effect found between gender and salary according to mental health. Results also showed that job stress was negatively correlated (r = -.35, p<.01) with mental health.

scholarly journals Mental Health Impact of the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic on Spanish Healthcare Workers: a Large Cross-sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Alonso ◽  
Gemma Vilagut ◽  
Philippe Mortier ◽  
Montse Ferrer ◽  
Itxaso Alayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTIntroductionHealthcare workers are vulnerable to adverse mental health impacts of COVID-19. We assessed prevalence of mental disorders and associated factors during the first wave of the pandemic among healthcare professionals in Spain.MethodsAll workers in 18 healthcare institutions (6 AACC) in Spain were invited to a series of online surveys assessing a wide range of individual characteristics, COVID-19 infection status and exposure, and mental health status. Here we report: current mental disorders (Major Depressive Disorder-MDD- [PHQ-8≥10], Generalized Anxiety Disorder-GAD- [GAD-7≥10], Panic attacks, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder –PTSD- [PCL-5≥7]; and Substance Use Disorder –SUD-[CAGE-AID≥2]. Severe disability assessed by the Sheehan Disability Scale was used to identify “disabling” current mental disorders.Results9,138 healthcare workers participated. Prevalence of screen-positive disorder: 28.1% MDD; 22.5% GAD, 24.0% Panic; 22.2% PTSD; and 6.2% SUD. Overall 45.7% presented any current and 14.5% any disabling current mental disorder. Healthcare workers with prior lifetime mental disorders had almost twice the prevalence of current disorders than those without. Adjusting for all other variables, odds of any disabling mental disorder were: prior lifetime disorders (TUS: OR=5.74; 95%CI 2.53-13.03; Mood: OR=3.23; 95%CI:2.27-4.60; Anxiety: OR=3.03; 95%CI:2.53-3.62); age category 18-29 years (OR=1.36; 95%CI:1.02-1.82), caring “all of the time” for COVID-19 patients (OR=5.19; 95%CI: 3.61-7.46), female gender (OR=1.58; 95%CI: 1.27-1.96) and having being in quarantine or isolated (OR= 1.60; 95CI:1.31-1.95).ConclusionsCurrent mental disorders were very frequent among Spanish healthcare workers during the first wave of COVID-19. As the pandemic enters its second wave, careful monitoring and support is needed for healthcare workers, especially those with previous mental disorders and those caring COVID-19 very often.

scholarly journals Anxiety Levels of Healthcare Professionals’ Relatives During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Giray Kolcu ◽  
Gokmen Ozceylan
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Aim: Health workers are the most important risk groups in the last century outbreaks. This situation creates anxiety in the relatives of healthcare workers as well as in healthcare workers. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the anxiety levels of the relatives of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: The study was designed as a longitudinal study in quantitative research design. In the study, data were collected regularly every day for 20 days between 20.03.2020-08.04.2020, when the coronavirus pandemic continued, and these data were associated with the data of the Ministry of Health. Results: One thousand one hundres and eighty participants' opinions were collected for the study. In the study process, it was observed that the anxiety level at 20.03.2020 was 8.25±5.36 and it increased to 17.21±17.07 on 08.04.2020. The relationship between the anxiety level of the participants and the total number of cases the total number of deaths were weak. There was a moderate correlation between the number of deaths per day and the number of patients recovering per day. In the study, it was shown that there is a moderate correlation between the anxiety levels and the level of knowledge of the opinion makers. In this upward trend, it has been observed that there are 3 breaking points: 23-24.03.2020, 28-29.03.2020 and 05-06.04.2020. Conclusion: In our study described the first cases of anxiety in the vicinity of 20 health workers in Turkey after the first day (twenty) were found to correlate with increased number of deaths in days. It was observed that anxiety level correlated weakly with the total number of cases / deaths, but moderately with the number of daily deaths / recovered patients in the relatives of the health studies. This situation was interpreted as that although the anxiety of healthcare workers was affected by the process, it was more affected by daily changes. Relatives as well as healthcare professionals also experienced a manageable anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak. We believe that information and rehabilitation programs should be developed for the relatives of healthcare professionals in order to maintain the resilience / resiliency of healthcare professionals. Keywords: anxiety, coronavirus, pandemics, Family Medicine

scholarly journals A longitudinal study on the COVID-19 pandemic and its divergent effects on social participation and mental health across different study groups with and without mental disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Mergel ◽  
Matthias Schützwohl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Initial Survey

Abstract Purpose With the rapid spread of COVID-19 and the restrictions imposed in many parts of the world, there is growing concern about its impact on mental health. This longitudinal study investigated the social participation, social inclusion and psychological well-being in adults with and without mental disorders before the beginning of the pandemic, as well as during and after strict lockdown restrictions in Germany. Methods The sample (n = 106) consisted of three groups: participants with a chronic mental disorder, with an acute mental disorder, and without a mental disorder at the time of the initial survey. Parameters of interest were assessed using the Measure of Participation and Social Inclusion for Use in People with a Chronic Mental Disorder (F-INK), the Index for the Assessment of Health Impairments (IMET) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18). Results The perceived impairments in social participation and the associated changes in behaviour varied depending on the presence of a mental disorder at the time of the initial survey and were largely temporary, i.e. limited to the period of strict lockdown restrictions. We found no further detrimental effects on mental health 4 weeks after lockdown or later, when a policy of physical distancing was in place. Conclusion Overall, our findings suggest a general resilience to the official restrictions and measures as well as the pandemic itself. However, further efforts are needed to improve the situation of people with chronic mental disorders and their limited opportunities for social participation.

scholarly journals Meta-analytical evidence on mental disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen X. Zhang ◽  
Kavita Batra ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Rebecca Kechen Dong ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latin America ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers

Objective. There is a lack of evidence related to the prevalence of mental disorder symptoms as well as their heterogeneities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America, a continent across the equators. The current study aims to provide meta-analytical evidence on mental disorder symptoms during COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers, general healthcare workers, the general population, and university students in Latin America. Methods. Bibliographical databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, PsycINFO, and medRxiv, were systematically searched to identify pertinent studies up to Februry 6, 2021. Two coders performed the screening using predefined eligibility criteria. Studies were assigned quality scores using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The double data extraction method was used to minimize data entry errors. Results. A total of 33 studies with 101,772 participants in Latin America were identified. The pooled prevalence of anxiety, depression, distress, and insomnia was 32%, 27%, 32%, and 35%, respectively. There was a higher prevalence of mental health symptoms in South America compared to Central America (33% vs. 27%, p <0.001). The pooled prevalence of mental health symptoms in the general population, general healthcare workers, frontline healthcare workers, and students in Latin America was 33%, 31%, 37%, and 36%, respectively. Conclusion. The high yet heterogenous level of prevalence of mental disorder symptoms emphasizes the need for appropriate identification of psychological interventions in Latin America.

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