scholarly journals Relationship Between Pain Intensity, Pain Catastrophizing, Self-efficacy in Patients With a Frozen Shoulder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Hirata ◽  
Minori Tomiyama ◽  
Yasuhiro Koike ◽  
Manabu Yoshimura ◽  
Keiko Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hypothesis Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The evaluation of pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy is useful for predicting pain and is also associated with shoulder pain. The purposes of our study were to examine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and pain intensity in patients with a frozen shoulder.Methods: Ninety-three patients who were diagnosed with frozen shoulder were included in this study. Pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale: NRS), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale: PCS), and self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire: PSEQ) were measured at the first examination, and the relationship was examined using Bayesian estimation method. We developed a hypothesis model in which self-efficacy affects pain catastrophizing and pain catastrophizing affects pain intensity.Results: The path coefficients from the PSEQ score to the PCS score and from the PCS score to the NRS score were significant. The convergence of the hypothesized model was confirmed and validated (posterior prediction p-value 0.35). Conclusion: Our results suggest that self-efficacy affects pain catastrophizing, and pain catastrophizing affects pain intensity.

scholarly journals Relationship between pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and self-efficacy in patients with frozen shoulder: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Hirata ◽  
Minori Tomiyama ◽  
Yasuhiro Koike ◽  
Manabu Yoshimura ◽  
Keiko Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy are useful for predicting pain; these are associated with pain intensity and facilitate evaluation of psychological factors. However, it remains unclear whether the effects are direct or indirect in patients with frozen shoulder; the impact on each variable has also not been clarified. Thus, this study aimed to examine the structural relationship between pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and pain intensity in patients with frozen shoulder. Methods Participants who were diagnosed with frozen shoulder between January 2016 and March 2017 were recruited from a single orthopedic clinic. Patients aged 18 years or older, who had been symptomatic for < 1 year and reported localized pain in one shoulder, experienced night pain, and had restricted active and passive shoulder motions were included. Pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)), and self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)) were measured at the first examination, and the relationship was examined using the Bayesian estimation method. The model was modified repeatedly based on the posterior prediction p value, deviance information criterion (DIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC); the model with the highest explanatory power was adopted as the final model. Results Ninety-three patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder were included in this study. On path analysis, the model in which pain intensity affected psychological factors had the most explanation. The convergence index potential scale reduction was below 1.1, and the convergence of the estimate was confirmed. The posterior prediction p value was 0.25, DIC = 1328.705, and BIC = 1356.872; the validity of the fit of the model was confirmed. The path coefficients from the NRS to the PSEQ, from the NRS to the PCS, and from the PSEQ to the PCS scores were − 0.232 (95% confidence interval (CI), − 0.406 to − 0.033), 0.259 (95% CI, 0.083–0.419), and − 0.504 (95% CI, − 0.646 to − 0.334), respectively; these values were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our results show that pain intensity increases the risk of chronic pain including pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy and that pain catastrophizing increases by decreasing self-efficacy in patients with frozen shoulder.

scholarly journals Pain-related beliefs are associated with arm function in persons with frozen shoulder

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-440
Author(s):  
L De Baets ◽  
T Matheve ◽  
J Traxler ◽  
JWS Vlaeyen ◽  
A Timmermans
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Arm Function

Background Frozen shoulder is a painful glenohumeral joint condition. Pain-related beliefs are recognized drivers of function in musculoskeletal conditions. This cross-sectional study investigates associations between pain-related beliefs and arm function in frozen shoulder. Methods Pain intensity, arm function (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH)), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)), pain-related fear (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11)) and pain self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)) were administered in 85 persons with frozen shoulder. Correlation analyses assessed associations between pain-related beliefs and arm function. Regression analysis calculated the explained variance in arm function by pain-related beliefs. Results Pain-related fear, pain catastrophizing and pain self-efficacy were significantly associated with arm function (r = 0.51; r = 0.45 and r = −0.69, all p < .0001, respectively). Thirty-one percent of variance in arm function was explained by control variables, with pain intensity being the only significant one. After adding TSK-11, PCS and PSEQ scores to the model, 26% extra variance in arm function was explained, with significant contributions of pain intensity, pain-related fear and pain self-efficacy (R2 = 0.57). Conclusions Attention should be paid towards the negative effect of pain-related fear on outcomes in frozen shoulder and towards building one’s pain self-efficacy given its protective value in pain management.

scholarly journals The Arabic Version of the Faces Pain Scale-Revised: Cultural Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability Properties When Used with Children and Adolescents

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Jessica Finianos ◽  
Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jordi Miró
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Numerical Rating

The Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) is widely used to assess pain intensity in young people. The aims of this research were to study the convergent and discriminant validity and reliability properties of a culturally adapted version of the FPS-R for its use with Arabic-speaking individuals. The sample consisted of 292 students living in Lebanon. They were interviewed online, asked to imagine themselves in one of two given situations based on their age (8–12 and 13–18 years old), and then asked rate the intensity of pain they would experience using the FPS-R-Arabic and a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS-11-Arabic). They were also asked to respond to the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-C-Arabic). Two weeks later, participants were asked to repeat the same procedure. The data showed strong associations between the scores of the FPS-R-Arabic and NRS-11-Arabic (r = 0.72; p < 0.001), which were higher than the associations of the scores of the FPS-Arabic with the PCS-C-Arabic scores (z = 7.36, p < 0.001). The associations between the FPS-R-Arabic scores on the two measurements were also strong (r = 0.76; p < 0.001). The findings support the convergent and discriminant validity and reliability of the FPS-R-Arabic scores when used to measure pain intensity in young people aged 8 to 18 years old.

scholarly journals Unpredictable pain timings lead to greater pain when people are highly intolerant of uncertainty

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémence Bélanger ◽  
Bernard Blais Morin ◽  
Andréanne Brousseau ◽  
Nicolas Gagné ◽  
Anne Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Subjective Pain ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground and purposeMany psychological factors are known to influence pain perception. Among them, intolerance of uncertainty (IU) may play a key modulating role in situations where uncertainty prevails, especially uncertainty regarding the timing of painful events. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of individual differences in IUon pain perception during predictable and unpredictable stimulation timings. We hypothesized that people with high IU, as opposed to those with low IU, would perceive more pain when the timing of painful stimulations cannot be predicted, as compared to when they can.MethodsTwenty (20) healthy adults, aged between 18 and 35 years old, were recruited. Painful sensations were provoked using transcutaneous electrical stimulations of the right sural nerve. By measuring IU (Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale) and subjective pain (verbal numerical rating scale), it was possible to test the relationship between IU and pain perception, by simulating predictable and unpredictable painful experiences. This was done through cued shock interval (CSI) blocks, with either variable timing or fixed timings (long or short time frame). Self-administered questionnaires were also used to measure pain hypervigilance, pain catastrophizing, state anxiety, and trait anxiety.ResultsPearson correlations confirmed the presence of an association (r = 0.63) between IU and the change in pain intensity provoked by unpredictable stimulation timings. Importantly, this association was significant only for stimulations provided at long CSIs, indicating that higher IU scores predicted higher pain intensity scores when stimulation timings became unpredictable, and when the cued delay was long. No association was found between pain scores and other psychological variables.ConclusionsOur results show that IU moderately correlates to the change in pain intensity provoked by unpredictable stimulation timings. High IU scores were associated with a worsening of the subjective pain experience, especially during long delays in an unpredictable situation. These observations suggest that IU could be considered as a psychological variable that is able to influence pain perception in certain situations.ImplicationsAssessing and addressing IU could be an added value in pain-related therapy, especially in chronic pain.

scholarly journals Aromaterapi Kenanga Dibanding Lavender terhadap Nyeri Post Sectio Caesaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Wasis Pujiati ◽  
Meily Nirnasari ◽  
Hotmaria Julia Dolok Saribu ◽  
Daratullaila Daratullaila
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to compare the effect of cananga and lavender aromatherapy on pain intensity in postoperative patients with Sectio caesaria . This research method uses true experimental design, randomized pretest posttest design. Sampling technique with simple random sampling. intervention group I was given aromatherapy cananga and group II was given lavender aromatherapy. Changes in pain intensity are measured using a Numerical Rating Scale. The pain felt by patients before inhaling cananga aromatherapy is an average of 5.00 (moderate pain) and after therapy of 3.25 (mild pain). Pain that was felt by patients before inhaling lavender aromatherapy was an average of 4.83 (moderate pain) and after therapy of 3.25 (mild pain). The results of the analysis with the Wilcoxon test (p value 0,000) showed that there was an influence of cananga and lavender aromatherapy interventions using inhalation techniques to the intensity of pain in post sectio caesaria  patients. Mann Whitney Test results obtained p value 0.054. Conclusions There is no significant difference in the effect of intervention from the two groups, meaning that both interventions have the same effective effect in reducing the intensity of pain in post-sectional cesarean patients.   Keywords: Aromatherapy Canangium Odoratum, Lavandula, Pain, Sectio caesaria

scholarly journals Individual Differences and Similarities in the Judgement of Facial Pain: A Mixed Method Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1186-1194
Author(s):  
Sheila Glenn ◽  
Helen Poole ◽  
Paula Oulton
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Facial Cues ◽  
Numerical Rating

Accurate assessment of pain by health-care professionals is essential to ensure optimal management of pain. An under-researched area is whether personality characteristics affect perception of pain in others. The aims were (a) to determine whether individual differences are associated with participants’ ability to assess pain, and (b) to determine facial cues used in the assessment of pain. One hundred and twenty-eight undergraduate students participated. They completed questionnaire assessments of empathy, pain catastrophizing, sensory sensitivity and emotional intelligence. They then viewed and rated four adult facial images (no, medium, and high pain—12 images total) using a 0–10 numerical rating scale, and noted the reasons for their ratings. (a) Empathy was the only characteristic associated with accuracy of pain assessment. (b) Descriptions of eyes and mouth, and eyes alone were most commonly associated with assessment accuracy. This was the case despite variations in the expression of pain in the four faces. Future studies could evaluate the effect on accuracy of pain assessment of (a) training empathic skills for pain assessment, and (b) emphasizing attention to the eyes, and eyes and mouth.

Defining minimal clinically important differences in pain and disability outcomes of patients with chronic pain treated with spinal cord stimulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shelby Sabourin ◽  
Justin Tram ◽  
Breanna L. Sheldon ◽  
Julie G. Pilitsis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Minimum Detectable Change ◽  
Failed Back Surgery

OBJECTIVE Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds for a limited number of outcome metrics were previously defined for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) at 6 months after spinal cord stimulation (SCS). This study aimed to further define MCID values for pain and disability outcomes. Additionally, the authors established 1-year MCID values for outcome measures with previously defined metrics commonly used to assess SCS efficacy. METHODS Preoperative and 1-year postoperative outcomes were collected from 114 patients who received SCS therapy for FBSS, complex regional pain syndrome, and neuropathic pain. MCID values were established for the numerical rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Four established anchor-based methods were utilized to compute MCID values with two anchored questions: “Are you satisfied with SCS therapy?” and “Would you have SCS surgery again?” For each question, patients were categorized as responders if they answered “yes” or as nonresponders if they responded “no.” The methodologies utilized to compute MCID scores included the average change method, minimum detectable change approach, change difference calculation, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis has been shown to inform the accuracy at which the MCID value can distinguish responders from nonresponders and was analyzed for each instrument. RESULTS For the first time, ranges of MCID values after SCS were established for MPQ (1–2.3) and PCS (1.9–13.6). One-year MCID values were defined for all indications: NRS (range 0.9–2.7), ODI (3.5–6.9), and BDI (2–5.9). AUC values were significant for NRS (0.78, p < 0.001), ODI (0.71, p = 0.003), MPQ (0.74, p < 0.001), and PCS (0.77, p < 0.001), indicating notable accuracy for distinguishing satisfied patients. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study to successfully determine MCID values for two prominent instruments, MPQ and PCS, used to assess pain after SCS surgery. Additionally, previously established MCID values for ODI, BDI, and the visual analog scale for patients with FBSS at 6 months after treatment were explored at 12 months for the most common indications for SCS. These data may better inform physicians of patient response to and success with SCS therapy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Neck Myofascial Release Techniques and Exercise Therapy on Pain Intensity and Disability in Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hosseinifar ◽  
Razieh Bazghandi ◽  
Zahra Azimi ◽  
Bahareh Khodadadi Bohlouli
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myofascial Release ◽  
Headache Intensity ◽  
Headache Disability ◽  
Type Headache

PURPOSE: Tension type headache (TTH) is one of the most prevalent types of headache. TTH is classified as episodic if it occurs on less than 15 days a month and as chronic if it occurs more often. Tension, anxiety and depression are some etiological factors for TTH which leads to work efficiency reduction. Today the interest in non-pharmacological methods is increasing; massage is one of these approaches which has no side effects. Aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neck Myofascial Release (MFR) techniques and exercise therapy on pain intensity and disability in patients with chronic tension-type headache.METHODS: This randomized clinical trial study was investigated on 30 females suffering from TTH. Participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n=15). The MFR group received neck MFR massage and exercise therapy four times a week for 3 weeks, each session lasting 45 minutes. Control group had no intervention. Outcomes were headache intensity and disability measured by numerical rating scale (NRS) and headache disability index (HDI), respectively. Data was analysed through independent and pair t-test.RESULTS: Between group comparison showed significant improvement of headache intensity and disability rate in MFR group (p<0.05) than control group (p=0.000).DISCUSSION: This study provides evidences that MFR technique and exercise therapy have significant effect on patients with TTH.

scholarly journals Effect of acupuncture TENS versus conventional TENS on post cesarean section incision pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3738
Author(s):  
Priti A. Mehendale ◽  
Mayur T. Revadkar
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Lower Segment Caesarean Section ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pain Rating Scale

Background: There is evidence regarding beneficial use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) incision pain. However, efficacy of different types of TENS following C section pain has not yet been explored adequately.Methods: 96 women who had recently undergone LSCS were included for the study. The subjects were in the age group of 20 to 40 years (25.84±3.96); having pain intensity 4 or more on Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). They were divided into three groups by random allocation method; namely Group A: Acupuncture (Low/Motor) TENS, Group B: Conventional (High/Sensory) TENS and Group C: Control group. Group A and B received specific type of TENS twice a day for 15 minutes. Control group C did not receive any TENS intervention. All subjects received standard post-operative medications and physiotherapy. Pain intensity was recorded on NPRS pre and post intervention.Results: Both Acupuncture TENS and Conventional TENS significantly decreased post-operative pain intensity as compared to control group (p value <0.0001).Conclusions: Both, acupuncture and conventional TENS are equally effective in reducing post LSCS incision pain at a strong and non-painful intensity.

scholarly journals The relationship between psychosocial factors and reported disability: The role of pain self-efficacy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Varela
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Chronic pain in all its forms and the accompanying level of disability is a healthcare crisis that reaches epidemic proportions and is considered a world level crisis. Chronic non-specific low back pain contributes a significant proportion of chronic pain. Specific psychosocial factors and their influence on reported disability in a chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) population was researched. Methods Psychosocial factors examined include fear, catastrophizing, depression, and pain self-efficacy. This cross-sectional correlational study examined the mediating role between pain self-efficacy and the specific psychosocial factors with reported disability. The study included 90 participants with CNLBP between 20 and 60 years of age. Participants completed the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire, The Pain Catastrophizing Scale, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and The Lumbar Oswestry Disability Index to measure fear of physical activity, pain catastrophizing, depression, pain self-efficacy, and reported disability, respectively. The study used multivariate regression and mediation analyses. Results The principal finding of the study was a strong inverse relationship between pain self-efficacy and reported disability. Further, pain self-efficacy was considered a statistic mediator for all psychosocial factors investigated within this data set. Pain self-efficacy was strongly considered to have a mediating role between reported fear of physical activity and disability, reported pain catastrophizing and disability, and reported depression and disability. Additionally, adjusting for age and reported pain levels proved to be statistically significant, and it did not alter the role of pain self-efficacy. Conclusion The results identified that pain self-efficacy had a mediating role in the relationship between the specific psychosocial factors of fear, catastrophizing, and depression and reported disability. Pain self-efficacy plays a more significant role in the relationships between specific psychosocial factors and reported disability with CNLBP than previously considered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document