scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of geranyl geranyl diphosphate synthase genes of cotton (Gossypium spp.) in plant development and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiza Ali ◽  
Ghulam Qanmber ◽  
Zhenzhen Wei ◽  
Daoqian Yu ◽  
Yonghui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Geranyl Diphosphate ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background: GGPP (geranyl geranyl diphosphate) is produced in the isoprenoid pathway and mediates the function of various plant metabolites, which is synthesized by GGPPS (GGPP synthases) in plants. GGPPS characterization has not been performed in any plant species except Arabidiosis thaliana. Here, we performed a complete computational and bioinformatics analysis of GGPPS and detected their transcription expression pattern in Gossypium hirsutum for the first time in order to explore their evolutionary relationship and potential functions. We unravel evolutionary relationship, conserved sequence logos, gene duplication and potential involvement in plant development and abiotic stresses tolerance of GGPPS genes in G. hirsutum.Results: A total of 134 GGPPS genes from 17 plant species were identified. Evolutionary analysis divided GGPPS genes into five groups and indicated their divergence from a common ancestor. Further, GGPPS family genes were conserved during evolution and underwent segmental duplication. 25 GhGGPPS genes identified showed diverse expression pattern particularly in ovule and fiber development indicating their vital and divers roles in the fiber development. Additionally, GhGGPPS genes exhibited wide range of responses when subjected to abiotic (heat, cold, NaCl and PEG) and hormonal (BL, GA, IAA, SA and MeJA) stresses. Conclusions: Collectively, GGPPS genes are evolutionary conserved, may are involved in different development stages and stress signaling pathways, some potential key genes (e.g. GhGGPP4, GhGGPP9, GhGGPP15) were suggested and provide valuable source for cotton breeding in fiber quality and resistant to various stresses.

scholarly journals Genome-wide Study of SBT Genes in Eight Plant Species: Evolution and Expression Outlines for Development and Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulin Wen ◽  
Guanqun Chen ◽  
Tingting Huang ◽  
Xiaohui Shen
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Classification Feature ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Species Evolution ◽  
Genome Wide Study ◽  
Diverse Plant

Abstract Background: Subtilisin-like proteases (or subtilases, SBT), a specific family of serine peptidases, are a very big family in plants. Previous studies showed association of SBTs with environment response and development. However, it is still unclear about the function and features of SBTs. Also, there is little information about SBTs classification or protein function research.Results: The characters of SBTs in eight plant species including Arabidopsis, rice, wheat etc. were analyzed. The analysis mainly contained evolutionary relationship, gene structure, chromosomal location, gene synteny and expression pattern. In short, the evolutionary trend of SBTs in the eight plant species was revealed. The expression pattern showed a scattered distribution of SBTs in diverse plant organs.Conclusions: Our results reveal classification, feature and expression pattern of SBT. Then the results might offer clues for future studies about SBTs and additionally related to their possible function in plants against stress and development.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of the CLASP_N gene family in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12733
Author(s):  
Meijun Ji ◽  
Kangtai Sun ◽  
Hui Fang ◽  
Zhimin Zhuang ◽  
Haodong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Genome Wide

Background Cytoplasmic linker–associated proteins (CLASPs) are tubule proteins that can bind to microtubules and participate in regulating the structure and function of microtubules, which significantly affects the development and growth of plants. These proteins have been identified in Arabidopsis; however, little research has been performed in upland cotton. Methods In this study, the whole genome of the CLASP_N family was analyzed to provide theoretical support for the function of this gene family in the development of upland cotton fiber. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the family characteristics of CLASP_N in upland cotton, such as member identification, sequence characteristics, conserved domain structure and coevolutionary relationships. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to clarify the expression pattern of the upland cotton CLASP_N gene family in cotton fiber. Results At the genome-wide level, we identified 16 upland cotton CLASP_N genes. A chromosomal localization analysis revealed that these 16 genes were located on 13 chromosomes. The motif results showed that all CLASP_N proteins have the CLASP_N domain. Gene structure analysis showed that the structure and length of exons and introns were consistent in the subgroups. In the evolutionary analysis with other species, the gene family clearly diverged from the other species in the evolutionary process. A promoter sequence analysis showed that this gene family contains a large number of cis-acting elements related to a variety of plant hormones. qRT-PCR was used to clarify the expression pattern of the upland cotton CLASP_N gene family in cotton fiber and leaves, and Gh210800 was found to be highly expressed in the later stages of fiber development. The results of this study provide a foundation for further research on the molecular role of the CLASP_N genes in cotton fiber development.

Study on metal-triggered callose deposition in roots of maize and soybean

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Piršelová ◽  
Veronika Mistríková ◽  
Jana Libantová ◽  
Jana Moravčíková ◽  
Ildikó Matušíková
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Biochemical Data ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Callose Deposition ◽  
Root Cell Walls

AbstractCallose plays important roles in a variety of processes of plant development, and/or in a response to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. In the current work we have studied and compared the effect of lead, cadmium and arsenic on accumulation of newly formed callose deposits in the roots of maize and soybean. We observed formation of characteristic callose deposits in the root cell walls, probably associated with plasmodesmata, depending on the type of metal and the plant species investigated. Further, the callose turnover was analysed by measuring of total callose content as well as activities of total β-(1,3)-glucanases in roots. The latter enzymes are responsible for callose depletion, and their possible role during metal stress has previously been proposed. However, neither of these biochemical values appeared to be sufficiently reliable for scoring the altered callose turnover (including local deposits) in plant tissue. The microscopical observations are discussed in light of the biochemical data obtained.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Potassium Transport-Related Genes in Vigna radiata under Abiotic Stresses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Farrukh Azeem ◽  
Usman Ijaz ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Ali ◽  
Sabir Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Chromosomal Mapping ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Ionic Balance ◽  
K Transport

Potassium (K+) is one of the most important cations that plays a significant role in plants and constitutes up to 10% of plants’ dry weight. Plants exhibit complex systems of transporters and channels for the distribution of K+ from soil to numerous parts of plants. In this study, we have identified 39 genes encoding putative K+ transport-related genes in Vigna radiata. Chromosomal mapping of these genes indicated an uneven distribution across eight out of 11 chromosomes. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of different plant species, i.e., V. radiata, Glycine max, Cicer arietinum, Oryza sativa, and Arabidopsis thaliana, showed their strong conservation in different plant species. Evolutionary analysis of these genes suggests that gene duplication is a major route of expansion for this family in V. radiata. Comprehensive promoter analysis identified several abiotic stresses related to cis-elements in the promoter regions of these genes, suggesting their role in abiotic stress tolerance. Our additional analyses indicated that abiotic stresses adversely affected the chlorophyll concentration, carotenoids, catalase, total soluble protein concentration, and the activities of superoxide and peroxidase in V. radiata. It also disturbs the ionic balance by decreasing the uptake of K+ content and increasing the uptake of Na+. Expression analysis from high-throughput sequencing data and quantitative real-time PCR experiments revealed that several K+ transport genes were expressed in different tissues (seed, flower, and pod) and in abiotic stress-responsive manners. A highly significant variation of expression was observed for VrHKT (1.1 and 1.2), VrKAT (1 and 2) VrAKT1.1, VrAKT2, VrSKOR, VrKEA5, VrTPK3, and VrKUP/HAK/KT (4, 5, and 8.1) in response to drought, heat or salinity stress. It reflected their potential roles in plant growth, development, or stress adaptations. The present study gives an in-depth understanding of K+ transport system genes in V. radiata and will serve as a basis for a functional analysis of these genes.

scholarly journals Advances and Applications of Water Phytoremediation: A Potential Biotechnological Approach for the Treatment of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5215
Author(s):  
Cristián Raziel Delgado-González ◽  
Alfredo Madariaga-Navarrete ◽  
José Miguel Fernández-Cortés ◽  
Margarita Islas-Pelcastre ◽  
Goldie Oza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Biotechnological Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Viable Method

Potable and good-quality drinking water availability is a serious global concern, since several pollution sources significantly contribute to low water quality. Amongst these pollution sources, several are releasing an array of hazardous agents into various environmental and water matrices. Unfortunately, there are not very many ecologically friendly systems available to treat the contaminated environment exclusively. Consequently, heavy metal water contamination leads to many diseases in humans, such as cardiopulmonary diseases and cytotoxicity, among others. To solve this problem, there are a plethora of emerging technologies that play an important role in defining treatment strategies. Phytoremediation, the usage of plants to remove contaminants, is a technology that has been widely used to remediate pollution in soils, with particular reference to toxic elements. Thus, hydroponic systems coupled with bioremediation for the removal of water contaminants have shown great relevance. In this review, we addressed several studies that support the development of phytoremediation systems in water. We cover the importance of applied science and environmental engineering to generate sustainable strategies to improve water quality. In this context, the phytoremediation capabilities of different plant species and possible obstacles that phytoremediation systems may encounter are discussed with suitable examples by comparing different mechanistic processes. According to the presented data, there are a wide range of plant species with water phytoremediation potential that need to be studied from a multidisciplinary perspective to make water phytoremediation a viable method.

scholarly journals Native Plant Capacity for Gentle Remediation in Heavily Polluted Mines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1769
Author(s):  
María Noelia Jiménez ◽  
Gianluigi Bacchetta ◽  
Francisco Bruno Navarro ◽  
Mauro Casti ◽  
Emilia Fernández-Ondoño
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Dittrichia Viscosa ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cistus Salviifolius ◽  
Plant Capacity

The use of plant species to stabilize and accumulate trace elements in contaminated soils is considered of great usefulness given the difficulty of decontaminating large areas subjected to mining for long periods. In this work, the bioaccumulation of trace elements is studied by relating the concentrations in leaves and roots of three plants of Mediterranean distribution (Dittrichia viscosa, Cistus salviifolius, Euphorbia pithyusa subsp. cupanii) with the concentrations of trace elements in contaminated and uncontaminated soils. Furthermore, in the case of D. viscosa, to know the concentration of each element by biomass, the pool of trace elements was determined both in the aerial part and in the roots. The bioaccumulation factor was not high enough in any of the species studied to be considered as phytoextractors. However, species like the ones studied in this work that live on soils with a wide range of concentration of trace elements and that develop a considerable biomass could be considered for stabilization of contaminated soils. The plant species studied in this work are good candidates for gentle-remediation options in the polluted Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Recent Development on Plant Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzymes and Their Functions in Plant Development and Stress Signaling

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Adesola J. Tola ◽  
Amal Jaballi ◽  
Hugo Germain ◽  
Tagnon D. Missihoun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Stress Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenases ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Abiotic and biotic stresses induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently causes the excessive accumulation of aldehydes in cells. Stress-derived aldehydes are commonly designated as reactive electrophile species (RES) as a result of the presence of an electrophilic α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are NAD(P)+-dependent enzymes that metabolize a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde molecules by oxidizing them to their corresponding carboxylic acids. The ALDH enzymes are found in nearly all organisms, and plants contain fourteen ALDH protein families. In this review, we performed a critical analysis of the research reports over the last decade on plant ALDHs. Newly discovered roles for these enzymes in metabolism, signaling and development have been highlighted and discussed. We concluded with suggestions for future investigations to exploit the potential of these enzymes in biotechnology and to improve our current knowledge about these enzymes in gene signaling and plant development.

scholarly journals Verticillium wilt resistant and susceptible olive cultivars express a very different basal set of genes in roots

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero ◽  
Jaime Jiménez-Ruiz ◽  
Alicia Serrano ◽  
Angjelina Belaj ◽  
Lorenzo León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Olive Cultivars

Abstract Background Olive orchards are threatened by a wide range of pathogens. Of these, Verticillium dahliae has been in the spotlight for its high incidence, the difficulty to control it and the few cultivars that has increased tolerance to the pathogen. Disease resistance not only depends on detection of pathogen invasion and induction of responses by the plant, but also on barriers to avoid the invasion and active resistance mechanisms constitutively expressed in the absence of the pathogen. In a previous work we found that two healthy non-infected plants from cultivars that differ in V. dahliae resistance such as ‘Frantoio’ (resistant) and ‘Picual’ (susceptible) had a different root morphology and gene expression pattern. In this work, we have addressed the issue of basal differences in the roots between Resistant and Susceptible cultivars. Results The gene expression pattern of roots from 29 olive cultivars with different degree of resistance/susceptibility to V. dahliae was analyzed by RNA-Seq. However, only the Highly Resistant and Extremely Susceptible cultivars showed significant differences in gene expression among various groups of cultivars. A set of 421 genes showing an inverse differential expression level between the Highly Resistant to Extremely Susceptible cultivars was found and analyzed. The main differences involved higher expression of a series of transcription factors and genes involved in processes of molecules importation to nucleus, plant defense genes and lower expression of root growth and development genes in Highly Resistant cultivars, while a reverse pattern in Moderately Susceptible and more pronounced in Extremely Susceptible cultivars were observed. Conclusion According to the different gene expression patterns, it seems that the roots of the Extremely Susceptible cultivars focus more on growth and development, while some other functions, such as defense against pathogens, have a higher expression level in roots of Highly Resistant cultivars. Therefore, it seems that there are constitutive differences in the roots between Resistant and Susceptible cultivars, and that susceptible roots seem to provide a more suitable environment for the pathogen than the resistant ones.

Periodic wavelet descriptor of plant leaf and its application in botany

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 1550043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Mao Zeng ◽  
Tong-Lin Zhu ◽  
Xue-Ying Zhuang ◽  
Ming-Xuan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Shape Descriptor ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Periodic Wavelet ◽  
Plant Species Identification ◽  
Botanical Research ◽  
Wavelet Descriptor

Leaf is one of the most important organs of plant. Leaf contour or outline, usually a closed curve, is a fundamental morphological feature of leaf in botanical research. In this paper, a novel shape descriptor based on periodic wavelet series and leaf contour is presented, which we name as Periodic Wavelet Descriptor (PWD). The PWD of a leaf actually expresses the leaf contour in a vector form. Consequently, the PWD of a leaf has a wide range in practical applications, such as leaf modeling, plant species identification and classification, etc. In this work, the plant species identification and the leaf contour reconstruction, as two practical applications, are discussed to elaborate how to employ the PWD of a plant leaf in botanical research.

Responses of insect pests, pathogens, and invasive plant species to climate change in the forests of northeastern North America: What can we predict?This article is one of a selection of papers from NE Forests 2100: A Synthesis of Climate Change Impacts on Forests of the Northeastern US and Eastern Canada.

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Dukes ◽  
Jennifer Pontius ◽  
David Orwig ◽  
Jeffrey R. Garnas ◽  
Vikki L. Rodgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nuisance Species

Climate models project that by 2100, the northeastern US and eastern Canada will warm by approximately 3–5 °C, with increased winter precipitation. These changes will affect trees directly and also indirectly through effects on “nuisance” species, such as insect pests, pathogens, and invasive plants. We review how basic ecological principles can be used to predict nuisance species’ responses to climate change and how this is likely to impact northeastern forests. We then examine in detail the potential responses of two pest species (hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges tsugae Annand) and forest tent caterpillar ( Malacosoma disstria Hubner)), two pathogens (armillaria root rot ( Armillaria spp.) and beech bark disease ( Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind. + Neonectria spp.)), and two invasive plant species (glossy buckthorn ( Frangula alnus Mill.) and oriental bittersweet ( Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.)). Several of these species are likely to have stronger or more widespread effects on forest composition and structure under the projected climate. However, uncertainty pervades our predictions because we lack adequate data on the species and because some species depend on complex, incompletely understood, unstable relationships. While targeted research will increase our confidence in making predictions, some uncertainty will always persist. Therefore, we encourage policies that allow for this uncertainty by considering a wide range of possible scenarios.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document