scholarly journals Ophthalmic Histiocytic Lesions: A Baseline Demographic and Clinicopathological Study of 28 Cases From 2 Eye Centers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq A. Alzahem ◽  
Azza M.Y. Maktabi ◽  
HIND MANAA ALKATAN
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease ◽  
Rare Group

Abstract Purpose: Ophthalmic histiocytic lesions comprise a heterogeneous rare group of disorders that are characterized by an abnormal proliferation of histiocytes and may affect all age groups of both genders. This rare group of diseases in the ophthalmic practice has not been previously studied in this area of the world and only individual cases reports were reported.Methods: This retrospective study has been approved on an expedited basis by the Human Ethics Committee/Institutional Review Board (HEC/IRB) at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) with a collaborative agreement between KKESH and King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aiming to collect all biopsied ocular and periocular histiocytic lesions from both centers from January 1993 to December 2018. The histopathological diagnosis was confirmed, and cases were re-classified by review of all histopathological slides. The corresponding demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Relevant literature review was also carried on for comparison of our collected analyzed data to published data and to draw our own conclusions.Results: A total of 34 ocular/periocular histiocytic lesions of 28 patients who were mostly Saudis (92.9%) were included. Male to female ratio was 4:3. The median age at presentation was 6.4 years (range: 2.8-35). Twenty-two patients had unilateral involvement and 6 patients had bilateral lesions. In Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)=L group, the most common presenting findings were eyelid swelling (75%), periocular tenderness (37.5%), proptosis/globe displacement (37.5%) eyelid erythema (25%), and orbital pain (12.5%). In Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD)=C group, proptosis/globe displacement occurred in all patients, followed by decreased vision (80%). Patients with C group diseases had variable clinical features owing to the different locations of the histiocytic lesions with the majority involving the eyelids (66.7%). Diagnosis was accurately reached clinically in 38.8%, 33.7%, and 46.7% among patients in the L group, C group, and R group respectively. Overall, the clinical diagnosis was in concordance with the histopathologic diagnosis in 14 only out of 34 lesions (41.2%). Conclusions: We concluded that C group was the commonest histiocytic lesion encountered in about two-thirds of the lesions with particular prevalence of Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). The histiocytic disease is more likely to be overlooked clinically especially in this group owing to its rarity and is diagnosed mainly with the help of histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. The median age of presentation was higher for R group patients, while there was tendency for JXG to present at a later age compared to the published reports. Intraocular involvement was extremely rare. All L group cases were strictly unilateral disease, while RDD (C group) was most commonly bilateral. Future research on the genetic aspects, management, and prognosis are necessary.

scholarly journals Aetiological factors of hoarseness in patients attending at Kathmandu University Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikash Lal Shrestha ◽  
Ram Chaya Man Amatya ◽  
Sekhar KC ◽  
Inku Shrestha ◽  
Monika Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Special Investigation ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Manual Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To evaluate the aetiological factors of hoarseness. Methods: This is a prospective, non- randomized and longitudinal study conducted from 1st august 2011 to 1st august 2012 in department of otorhinolaryngology of Kathmandu university Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal. All the patients with history of hoarseness underwent clinical examination, routine as well as special investigation to find the diagnosis. The final results were analyzed by simple manual analysis with frequency and percentage using Microsoft Excel software 2007. Results: There were total 280 patients included in the study. Among them the age groups of 21 – 30 years and 31 – 40 years were mainly suffer from hoarseness. Similarly, among 280 patients 200 (71.45%) were males whereas 80 (28.6%) were females with male to female ratio of 2.5:1.. The most common cause as per the distribution was acid peptic laryngitis with frequency of 37.8% whereas tuberculosis of larynx, papillary carcinoma of thyroid and papilloma of vocal cord accounts for only 0.4% each. Conclusion: There was etiological variation in hoarseness ranging from simple laryngitis to malignancies. So it is important not to ignore the hoarseness and precise history, examination and investigations should be done. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v19i1.11877 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 19(1): 14-17

Microinsurance performance – a systematic narrative literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Apostolakis ◽  
Gert van Dijk ◽  
Periklis Drakos
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This study aims to offer a literature review on microinsurance, focusing on its financial performance and social impact. The aim is to review current research in microinsurance performance. Over the past decade, microinsurance has aroused the interest of the scientific community. Scholars have monitored its development and have examined its impact on the poor’s ability of breaking out of the poverty trap. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic-narrative method was used to review the relevant literature. In total, 64 relevant articles on investigating the financial performance and the effects of microinsurance programs on the poor’s well-being were reviewed, coded and followed by a narrative synthesis. Findings – This review synthesizes current published data on microinsurance to provide practitioners and researchers with a better understanding of this important area. Microinsurance benefits the poor, as it reduces their vulnerability to poverty. Microinsurance has a twofold impact on an individual’s ability to overcome poverty. First, it has a direct impact on access to healthcare services and, second, it has an indirect effect on an individual’s economic status, by moderating risk vulnerability and improving income stability. Further research is necessary to reach concrete conclusions about the financial performance of microinsurance programs. Finally, the analysis of the literature revealed an absence of research regarding the impact of microinsurance on society and sustainable development. Research limitations/implications – An understanding of the performance of microinsurance services is important. Therefore, the findings can be used by microinsurance practitioners to assess and improve their performance. Further, policy implications such as improvement of financial knowledge and social marketing via education polices to increase microinsurance awareness of its benefits are recommended. Originality/value – This review provides a synthesis of the literature in microinsurance concerning its financial and social performance, and raises suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Dermoscopic Patterns in Juvenile Xanthogranuloma Based on the Histological Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaosheng Xu ◽  
Lin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Proliferative Index ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Large Case Series ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Several dermoscopic features of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) have been previously described in single cases or small case series and need to be further verified in a large sample.Objective: We aimed to investigate the dermoscopic patterns of JXG in a large case series and the correlations of these with clinical features of different histopathological subtypes of JXG.Methods: Patients who underwent dermoscopic evaluation and had a histopathological diagnosis of JXG were recruited. Histological findings, including stage and Ki67 proliferative index and the dermoscopic features of each lesion were recorded.Results: Forty-one patients with JXG were included. The male to female ratio was 1.28: 1 and the median age of onset was 11 months (range: 0–95 months). Fourteen lesions were histologically categorized in the early stage, 17 in the developed stage, and 10 in the late stage. The “setting sun” pattern was observed in 35 lesions (85.4%) and “clouds” of paler yellow areas in 26 lesions (63.4%). The frequency of the “setting sun” pattern was higher in the early and developed stages (30/31) than in the late stage (5/10) (P = 0.002), while that of “clouds” of paler yellow areas was not significantly different between each stage. Branched linear vessels were detected in the early (11/14) and developed stage (6/17), but not in the late stage. The mean Ki67 index of the lesions with linear vessels was 11.8% (range: 2–40%), which was higher than that of lesions without linear vessels (mean index: 5%, range: 1–30%) (P = 0.005). The pigment network and whitish areas were only detected in 6 and 5 lesions in the late stage, respectively. The whitish areas presented either as streak or stellate shape. The pigment network exhibited either in a centric or a peripheral pattern.Conclusions: The “setting sun” pattern is the characteristic dermoscopic features of JXG in the early and developed stages, while whitish areas and pigment network are the characteristic patterns in the late stage. Linear vessels present as branched patterns and mostly occur in the early stage with a high proliferative index, indicating rapid growth. The whitish areas and pigment network may present in various patterns. Dermoscopy is a useful adjunctive tool in the diagnosis and staging of JXG.

Sensitization to inhaled allergens in Atopic children in Jordan Capital, Amman: a cross-sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montaha AL-Iede ◽  
Abdallah Al-Ani ◽  
Baraa Mafrachi ◽  
Dana Al-Khulaifat ◽  
Kamal Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Group 2

Background: As the prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing all over the world, it is vital to identify the specific allergens which contribute to the development and persistence of such conditions. Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization and, to evaluate the profile of skin prick test among atopic Jordanian children who are visiting Jordan University Hospital (JUH). Methods: A retrospective analysis of all Skin Prick Test (SPT) results of atopic children and adolescents aged (1.5-18 years) who were seen at the pediatrics clinics at JUH from January 2018 until December 2019. Results: Over two years, a total of 171 children (male: female ratio of 1.9) with a median age of 6.2 years (1.5-18) were subjected to SPT. One hundred and seven children (62.5%) were found to be sensitized to at least one of the ten aeroallergen extracts tested. The most common sensitizations were to olive pollen (45.6%), Mites Dermatophagoides Petronyssinus (42.0%), and Dog Dander (38.6%). The highest sensitization rate was among the age group 2-4 years (28.1%). The sensitization rates increased in conjunction with an increase in age in the first age groups (preschool and school-age groups). Conclusion: The study’s findings provide an understanding of the locally prevalent aeroallergens, yet a multi-center review would be more useful for creating an optimized SPT panel specific to the Jordanian pediatric population.

scholarly journals ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL TUMORS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
Karpal Singh Sohal ◽  
Jeremiah Robert Moshy
Keyword(s):  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Histological Results ◽  
Hospital Study

Background: The oro-facial region including the jawbones and related tissuescan be the site of a multitude of neoplastic conditions. This region is minefield for many benignor malignant neoplastic conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern ofoccurrence of oral and maxillofacial tumours amongst paediatric patients treated at MuhimbiliNational Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Department of Oral andMaxillofacial Surgery in Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). Period: January 2008 to December2013. Methodology: Histological results of lesions that occurred in oral and maxillofacial region.Patient’s demographic data, histopathological diagnosis and the type of tumour were recorded.The lesions were broadly grouped as benign and malignant. Data analysis was done usingversion 19 of SPSS computer program. Results: A total of 1447 histological results of patientswith oral and maxillofacial lesions were obtained from the archives, of which 138 (9.5%) werehistological results of children under 15 years. Male to Female ratio was 1:1. The age rangedfrom 0 to 15 years, mean age being 10.8 ± 3.8. The most affected age groups were of 6-10and 11-15. Ameloblastoma was the most common benign lesion, while Burkitt’s lymphoma wasthe commonest malignant lesions. Conclusion: Benign lesions are the most common oral andmaxillofacial lesions among paediatric patients, and their prevalence increase with increasingage. The pattern of occurrence of oral and maxillofacial tumours in this study will be of interestto the clinicians and pathologists as it shades light to the trend of oral and maxillofacial lesionin children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Helicobacter Pylori with Reference to Histopathological Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
R Makaju ◽  
B. Dhakal ◽  
R. Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Steep Decline ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background Helicobacter pylori infection is on a steep decline in most of the developed countries; however, in developing countries like Nepal such steep decline is not seen. This may be due to failure of treatment regimens and emergence of drug resistance. Our previous study done in 2004/2005 showed 38% prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. The present study has been conducted to review the prevalence and clinical diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori with reference to histo-pathological diagnosis. Method This was retrospective study done at Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital over a period of 13 years from January 2006 to December 2018. Helicobacter pylori proven cases were retrospectively analyzed with clinical features and endoscopy findings. The clinical picture were categorized into antral gastritis, gastroduodenits, erosive duodenitis, acid peptic disease, reflux esophagitis, hiatal hernia, polyp, ulcer (gastric and duodenal), acute abdomen, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and malignancy. Result A total of 1624 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy biopsies were taken during the study period. Helicobacter pylori infection was seen in 618 (38.0%) cases out of 1624 cases. Helicobacter pylori were seen in 349 male and 269 female patients with male to female ratio of 1.29:1. Clinically, gastritis 210 (41.4%), acid peptic disease74 (42.7%), gastroduodenitis 46 (37.7%), reflux esophagitis 38 (52.7%), gastric ulcer 48 (28.4%), duodenal ulcer 34 (53.1%) and acute abdomen 50 (42.3%) cases were seen respectively. Conclusion Most commonly Helicobacter pylori cause chronic gastritis in our context. There is no significant change in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection as compared to our previous study (2004/05). This needs proper management of Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent serious complication such as gastric cancer in our part of the world.

scholarly journals FNAC as a Diagnostic Tool in the Evaluation of Cytomorphological Spectrum of Peripheral Lymphadenopathy along with Histopathological Agreement - An Experience in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital of Northern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (49) ◽  
pp. 2937-2942
Author(s):  
Sima Chauhan ◽  
Simanta Kumar Behera
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions

BACKGROUND Lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest presentations in clinical practice. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is an established, easy, cost effective, diagnostic tool for lymphadenopathies. Judicious application of FNAC can avoid the need of biopsy. We wanted to compare the accuracy of FNAC and histological analysis of peripheral lymphadenopathy among patients visiting the Departments of Oncology, Pathology, Surgery of K.D. Medical College and determine the most prevalent cause of peripheral lymphadenopathy among different age groups of patients. METHODS This study was done among cases of peripheral lymphadenopathy whose FNAC & biopsy were available. 112 cases of lymph node FNACs were carried out in the Dept. of Pathology for a period of one and half years from July 2018 till December 2019. Special stains were used whenever necessary. RESULTS Out of 112 cases studied 68 cases were male and 44 cases were female. Ratio of M : F = 1.5. The commonest anatomical site for lymphadenopathy was cervical (70 %) followed by supraclavicular (13 %) and axillary (10 %). Coming to the spectrum of the disease 103 cases (91.9 %) were non neoplastic lesions and 9 cases 8.03 % were neoplastic lesions. Reactive hyperplastic was the most common condition 51 cases (45.5 %) followed by tuberculosis 34 cases (30.35 %). Out of cases 9 cases (8.03 %) of malignancy, 5 cases (4.4 %) were metastatic deposits & 4 cases (3.57 %) were lymphomas. The peak age group ranged between 21 - 30 years. Cervical location of distribution of lymphadenopathy is noticed to be highest (70 %), which is then followed by, supra clavicular (13 %), axillary (10 %) and inguinal (5 %). (Maximum number of cases were found in the age group of 21 yr. - 30 yr., least number of cases seen in the age group of 61 yr. – 70 yr. Correlative study between cytopathological &and histopathological examination of lymphadenopathy showed diagnostic discordance in three cases and concordance in 109 cases. CONCLUSIONS Apart from reactive hyperplasia, tuberculosis is the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy & males are commonly affected. FNAC is a safe procedure with high degree of sensitivity and specificity and concordance of 96.64 % with histopathological diagnosis. For confirming the diagnosis of lymph nodes, histopathology is the gold standard. KEYWORDS Lymphadenopathy, FNAC, Histopathology, Biopsy, Tuberculosis

An Ultrastructural Study of the Proliferation Patterns of the Reserve Cells of the Human Cervix Uteri

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Takanori Sohda ◽  
Hiroshi Saito ◽  
Goro Asano ◽  
Katsunari Fukushi ◽  
Katsuya Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Human Cervix ◽  
Morphological Patterns

Recently, the functional aspect as well as morphological aspect of the reserve cells in the cervix uteri drew much attention in view of the carcinogenesis in squamocolumunar junction. In this communication, the authors elucidate the ultrastructural features of the reserve cells in patients of various age groups visiting our university hospital and affiliated hospital.From conventional light microscopic point of view, the reserve cells tend to be pronounced in various pathological conditions, such as the persisting inflammation, proliferative disorders and irritation of hormones. The morphological patterns of the reserve cells from various stage and degree of irritation were observed.

Sharing of Worldwide Spread Knowledge Using Hypermedia Facilities & Fast Communication Protocols (Mosaic and World Wide Web): The Example of ExPASy

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Appel ◽  
O. Golaz ◽  
Ch. Pasquali ◽  
J.-C. Sanchez ◽  
A. Bairoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Central Element ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
New Information ◽  
The University ◽  
Link Information

Abstract:The sharing of knowledge worldwide using hypermedia facilities and fast communication protocols (i.e., Mosaic and World Wide Web) provides a growth capacity with tremendous versatility and efficacy. The example of ExPASy, a molecular biology server developed at the University Hospital of Geneva, is striking. ExPASy provides hypermedia facilities to browse through several up-to-date biological and medical databases around the world and to link information from protein maps to genome information and diseases. Its extensive access is open through World Wide Web. Its concept could be extended to patient data including texts, laboratory data, relevant literature findings, sounds, images and movies. A new hypermedia culture is spreading very rapidly where the international fast transmission of documents is the central element. It is part of the emerging new “information society”.

Age and marital status predictors of binge alcohol use among adults with major depressive episode

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areen Omary
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Never Married ◽  
At Risk Populations

Aims: This study aims to examine if age and marital status can predict the risk for binge alcohol use (BAU) among adults with a major depressive episode (MDE). Methods: Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) 2018 National Survey for Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed. The unweighted sample included 6,999 adults representing a weighted population size of 33,900,452.122 in the US. Results and Conclusions: The findings of this retrospective research confirmed that age and marital status significantly predicted BAU in the past month among adults with MDE. Adults with MDE at higher risk for BAU were adults under the age of 50, adults who were never married, and adults who were divorced/separated. Special attention must be paid to those in age groups under 50, never married, and have been separated/divorced who are particularly at-risk for future alcohol abuse. Future research should consider examining additional potential confounders for BAU among other at-risk populations.

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