The effects of cancer beliefs and sociodemographic factors on colorectal cancer screening behavior in Newfoundland and Labrador

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujia Kong ◽  
Lance Garrett Shaver ◽  
Fuyan Shi ◽  
Holly Etchegary ◽  
Kris Aubrey-Bassler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Behavior ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer ◽  
Or History

Abstract Background This study investigated the beliefs about cancer treatment, outcomes, and screening among older adults ages 50–74 in Newfoundland and Labrador and whether these beliefs or sociodemographic factors were associated with differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior. Methods This analysis uses data collected online survey of adults on cancer awareness and prevention in NL. Chi-square tests were used to assess whether there were differences in distributions of beliefs based on CRC screening behaviour. Logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic factors independently associated with CRC screening behavior. Results Most people held positive beliefs about cancer outcomes and treatment, though only 57.36% ever had CRC screening. Interestingly, 56.5% of participants believed that cancer treatment is worse than cancer itself. However, no beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes were associated with CRC screening behavior. People who never had CRC screening were more likely to believe that: their worries about what might be found would prevent them from screening (χ2 = 9.380, P = .009); screening is only necessary if they have symptoms (χ2 = 15.680, P < .001); screening has a high risk of leading to unnecessary surgery (χ2 = 6.824, P = .032). Similarly, people who never had CRC screening were less likely to believe that regular screening would give them a feeling of control over their health (χ2 = 12.255, P = .002). Logistic regression identified that men had higher odds of having had CRC screening than women in our study (OR(95% CI):1.689(1.135–2.515)), as did all other age groups compared to people ages 50–54. No differences were found in CRC screening behaviour based on ethnicity, BMI classification, geography, education, income, or history of cancer in self, or history of cancer in a first-degree relative. Conclusion Although the majority NL residents in our sample held positive beliefs towards cancer screening, treatment and outcomes, only just over half of participants have ever had CRC screening. This discordance should be investigated further. Participants with more negative beliefs about screening were more likely to have never participated in CRC screening. Our findings further suggest that NL’s CRC screening program is equitably reaching people from different socioeconomic backgrounds, though we observed a disparity in participation among genders in our sample.

scholarly journals Sociodemographics and their impacts on risk factor awareness and beliefs about cancer and screening: results from a cross-sectional study in Newfoundland and Labrador

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyan Shi ◽  
Lance Garrett Shaver ◽  
Yujia Kong ◽  
Yanqing Yi ◽  
Kris Aubrey-Bassler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Excellent Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Our objective was to examine cancer risk factor awareness and beliefs about cancer treatment, outcomes, and screening, and how these are mediated by sociodemographic variables, among Newfoundland and Labrador residents. Methods Participants aged 35 to 74 were recruited through Facebook advertising, and a self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Spearman rank correlations, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Of the 1048 participants who responded and met the inclusion criteria for this study, 1019 were selected for this analysis. Risk factor recognition was generally good, though several risk factors had poor awareness: being over 70 years old (53.4% respondents aware), having a low-fiber diet (65.0%), and drinking more than 1 unit of alcohol per day (62.8%). Our results showed that the participants’ awareness of risk factors was significantly associated with higher income level (rs = 0.237, P <  0.001), higher education (rs = 0.231, P <  0.001), living in rural regions (rs = 0.163, P <  0.001), and having a regular healthcare provider (rs = 0.081, P = 0.010). Logistic regression showed that among NL residents in our sample, those with higher income, post-secondary education, those in very good or excellent health, and those with a history of cancer all had higher odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes. Those with a history of cancer, and those with very good or excellent health, also had higher odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer screening. Finally, compared to Caucasian/white participants, those who were non-Caucasian/white had lower odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer screening. Conclusion Among adults in NL, there was poor awareness that low-fiber diets, alcohol, and age are risk factors for cancer. Lower income and education, rural residence, and not having a health care provider were associated with lower risk factor awareness. We also found a few associations between sociodemographic factors and beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes or screening. We stress that while addressing awareness is necessary, so too is improving social circumstances of disadvantaged groups who lack the resources necessary to adopt healthy behaviours.

Using the Transtheoretical Model to Stage Screening Behavior for Colorectal Cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette M. Trauth ◽  
Bruce S. Ling ◽  
Joel L. Weissfeld ◽  
Robert E. Schoen ◽  
Mutlu Hayran
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Behavior ◽  
History Of

This study sought to describe the colorectal cancer (CRC)-screening behavior of a population of two lower income communities near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The transtheoretical model was used to characterize individuals according to their stage of readiness to engage in one of two recommended CRC screening tests—the Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) or Flexible Sigmoidoscopy (FSG) test. A telephone survey was conducted of 50- to 79-year-old men and women in Aliquippa and Clairton in the spring of 1999. Analyses based on 414 survey respondents showed associations between FOBT or FSG behavioral stage and factors including gender, age, recent doctor checkup, chronic need for prescription medications, history of cervical Pap smear testing, history of prostate-specific antigen blood testing, and prior doctor recommendation in favor of FOBT or FSG testing. This study appears to be one of the first applications of this theory to understanding CRC screening behavior in a community intervention.

scholarly journals Risk factors for colorectal cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Mihajlovic-Bozic
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in human population. It causes significant morbidity and mortality in our country. The incidence of colorectal cancer increases in the fifth decade of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between colorectal cancer and potential risk factors. A case-control study of colorectal cancer was carried out between 1998 and 1999 in Clinical Center of Serbia, Center for Digestive Surgery. A total of 100 cases of newly diagnosed patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by histopathology and an equal number of controls, individually matched by gender and age (+/-5 years), were chosen from patients from the same hospital with no history of cancer at all. McNemar test and conditional logistic regression were used in the analysis. According to logistic regression analysis the following risk factors were independently related with the occurrence of colorectal cancer: cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and diet rich in red meat and fat promote the carcinogenic process; food rich in vegetables, fruits, grains, vitamin C, physical activity, and oral contraceptive use inhibit the same process. A family history of cancer and long standing inflammatory bowel diseases also have significant role. There is convincing evidence that nutrition affects colorectal carcinogenesis in a complex fashion.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blood Stool Test Utilization for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Georgia, USA

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Ansa ◽  
Nicollette Lewis ◽  
Zachary Hoffman ◽  
Biplab Datta ◽  
J. Aaron Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
And Control

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (USA). Early screening has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes for CRC. Assessing patterns in CRC screening utilization is important for guiding policy and implementing programs for CRC prevention and control. This study examines the trends and sociodemographic factors associated with blood stool test utilization (BSTU) for CRC screening in Georgia, USA. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed for Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in BSTU between 1997 and 2014 among adults aged 50+ who have had a blood stool test within the past two years, and logistic regression analysis of the 2016 data was performed to identify the associated sociodemographic factors. In Georgia, an overall decrease was observed in BSTU, from 27.8% in 1997 to 16.1% in 2014 (AAPC = −2.6, p = 0.023). The decrease in BSTU was less pronounced in Georgia than nationally (from 26.1% in 1997 to 12.8% in 2014 (AAPC = −4.5, p < 0.001)). BSTU was significantly associated with black race/ethnicity (Black vs. White (aOR = 1.43, p = 0.015)), older age (≥70 vs. 50–59 (aOR = 1.62, p = 0.006)), having insurance coverage (no vs. yes (aOR = 0.37 p = 0.005)), and lower income (≥USD 50,000 vs. <USD 25,000 (aOR = 0.70 p = 0.050)). These findings reveal a decrease over time in BSTU in Georgia, with existing differences between sociodemographic groups. Understanding these patterns helps in directing tailored programs for promoting CRC screening, especially among disadvantaged populations.

scholarly journals Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Characteristics of Chilean Patients with Early-, Intermediate- and Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Karin Alvarez ◽  
Alessandra Cassana ◽  
Marjorie De La Fuente ◽  
Tamara Canales ◽  
Mario Abedrapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most frequent neoplasm in Chile and its mortality rate is rising in all ages. However, studies characterizing CRC according to the age of onset are still lacking. This study aimed to identify clinical, pathological, and molecular features of CRC in Chilean patients according to the age of diagnosis: early- (≤50 years; EOCRC), intermediate- (51–69 years; IOCRC), and late-onset (≥70 years; LOCRC). The study included 426 CRC patients from Clinica Las Condes, between 2007 and 2019. A chi-square test was applied to explore associations between age of onset and clinicopathological characteristics. Body Mass Index (BMI) differences according to age of diagnosis was evaluated through t-test. Overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. We found significant differences between the age of onset, and gender, BMI, family history of cancer, TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors stage, OS, and CSS. EOCRC category was characterized by a family history of cancer, left-sided tumors with a more advanced stage of the disease but better survival at 10 years, and lower microsatellite instability (MSI), with predominant germline mutations. IOCRC has shown clinical similarities with the EOCRC and molecular similarities to the LOCRC, which agrees with other reports.

Factors Associated with Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening Using a Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) in Thai Population Aged 45 to 74 years in Namphong District, Khon Kaen Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1067-1072
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fecal Immunochemical Test ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Immunochemical Test

Background: Presently, the level of participation in screening programs for colorectal cancer (CRC) with Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) is considerably low. Objective: To investigate factors associated with participation in CRC screening using a FIT in the Thai population age 45 to 74 years in the Namphong District of Khon Kaen Province. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the unmatched case-control study design was applied. Three hundred ten participants were equally divided into two groups with 155 participants in the study group and the other 155 in the control group. The data were collected by conducting interviews. Moreover, to explain the association between the factors, multiple logistic regressions were used with adjusted odds ratio (ORadj), a confidence level at 95%, and with p<0.05. Results: It was found that ages were equal to or higher than 60 years (ORadj 2.08; 95%CI 1.19 to 3.63), the lower education level (ORadj 3.70; 95% CI 1.86 to 7.33), a family history of cancer (ORadj 5.25; 95% CI 2.14 to 12.86), receiving advice from public health officials regarding CRC screening (ORadj 3.09; 95% CI 1.81 to 5.27), and high level of knowledge about CRC (ORadj 4.01; 95% CI 2.09 to 7.69) had all been related to participation in the CRC screening program with a statistical significance (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that receiving advice from public health officials regarding CRC screening and that proper knowledge had been related to participation in screening programs for CRC with the FIT. Thus, to raise awareness and create a greater understanding, public health officers should disseminate knowledge about CRC. Information about the colorectal screening with the FIT should especially be spread to those people who are younger than 60 years of age, have educational levels higher than the primary level, and to those, who have no family history of CRC. Keywords: Colorectal Cancer Screening; Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT); Thai population

Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome in a Patient With Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Urothelial Tract

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. e60-e63
Author(s):  
Arndt Hartmann ◽  
John C. Cheville ◽  
Wolfgang Dietmaier ◽  
Ferdinand Hofstädter ◽  
Lawrence J. Burgart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Cancer Syndrome ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Hereditary Nonpolyposis ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract is relatively uncommon but may develop as a manifestation of the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC), which is characterized by mutations in a number of DNA mismatch repair genes and detectable as microsatellite instability or loss of the respective protein by immunostaining. No well-established screening test is available for urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract, and little is known of the clinical impact of screening for HNPCC in patients with upper urinary tract cancer. We describe herein a patient with a urothelial carcinoma of the ureter and a strongly positive history of cancer, who was subsequently found to have HNPCC. Our findings reinforce the importance of obtaining a comprehensive history of cancer in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. Subsequent identification of individuals with HNPCC enables the patient and at-risk relatives to benefit from targeted surveillance and management programs.

scholarly journals The Leptin Gene Family and Colorectal Cancer: Interaction with Smoking Behavior and Family History of Cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e60777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Rong Zhong ◽  
Sheng Wei ◽  
Hao Xiang ◽  
Jigui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Family History Of Cancer ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Predictors of circulating tumor-derived methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 DNA in colorectal cancer patients.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 567-567
Author(s):  
Erin L Symonds ◽  
Susanne Kartin Pedersen ◽  
David Murray ◽  
Rohan Baker ◽  
Graeme P Young
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Depth Of Invasion ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
T Stage ◽  
Surgery Patient

567 Background: Blood tests detecting circulating tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) are being developed for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and monitoring. However, the underlying tumor biology resulting in circulating DNA is not well understood. This study aimed to elucidate tumor features associated with methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 DNA in blood as well as patient demographics that predict biomarker appearance. Methods: 129 people with invasive CRC had blood collected prior to surgery. Patient sociodemographic factors were recorded. Extracted circulating cell-free DNA was assayed for methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1. Patient factors and tumor features including location, size, depth of invasion (T stage), degree of differentiation, vascularity, lymphatic and perineurial invasion, lymph node involvement and presence of metastasis were compared with blood test results using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The distribution of CRC stages I to IV were 34, 43, 41 and 11, respectively and 72 (56%) were blood positive for methylated BCAT1/IKZF1. Positivity was associated with distally located tumors and a higher T stage (Table). Gender, age, BMI, race, smoking and medications were not associated with blood positivity rates, but increased alcohol intake ( > 7 drinks/week, n = 31) was associated (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.1-28.7, p = 0.036). Conclusions: The strongest predictor for appearance of ctDNA was invasion depth of the tumor. Demographic features did not influence the positivity rate of the BCAT1/ IKZF1 CRC blood test, strengthening the validity of this blood test for CRC screening and monitoring in the general population. [Table: see text]

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