scholarly journals Inanimate Objects and the Environment Are Far From Contributing to COVID-19 Spread

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Silva Rocha ◽  
Josilene Pinheiro ◽  
Thamilin Costa Nakamura ◽  
José Domingos Santos da Silva ◽  
Beatriz Gonçalves Silva Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Market Area ◽  
P Gene ◽  
Human Rnase ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Market Areas ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract It is not clear if COVID-19 can be indirectly transmitted. It is not possible to conclude the role of environment in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 without studying areas in which people transit in great amounts, such as market areas. In this work we aimed to better understand the role of environment in the spread of COVID-19. We investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in inanimate objects as well as in the air and in the sewage using RT-qPCR. We studied both, a reference market area and a COVID-19 reference hospital at Barreiras city, Brazil. We collected and analyzed a total of 268 samples from mask fronts, cell phones, paper moneys, card machines, sewage, air and bedding during the ascendant phase of the epidemiological curve of COVID-19 in Barreiras. As a result, we detected the human RNAse P gene in most of samples, which indicates the presence of human cells in specimens. However, we did not detect any trace of SARS-CoV-2 in all samples analyzed. To rule out the possibility of problems in sampling method we tested detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR in laboratory conditions to reproduce environmental temperature and humidity. As a result, we showed detection of the virus in different conditions. We conclude that our sampling method reliable and that, strikingly, the environment and inanimate materials do not have an important role in COVID-19 transmission.

scholarly journals Fomites and the environment did not have an important role in COVID-19 transmission in a Brazilian mid-sized city

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luíza Silva Rocha ◽  
Josilene Ramos Pinheiro ◽  
Thamilin Costa Nakamura ◽  
José Domingos Santos da Silva ◽  
Beatriz Gonçalves Silva Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Phones ◽  
Rnase P ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Paper Money ◽  
P Gene ◽  
Human Rnase ◽  
The World ◽  
Reference Hospital

AbstractIt is not clear if COVID-19 can be indirectly transmitted. It is not possible to conclude the role of the environment in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 without studying areas in which people transit in great numbers. In this work we aimed to better understand the role of environment in the spread of COVID-19. We investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in fomites as well as in the air and in the sewage using RT-qPCR. We studied both, a reference market area and a COVID-19 reference hospital at Barreiras city, Brazil. We collected and analyzed a total of 418 samples from mask fronts, cell phones, paper money, card machines, sewage, air and bedding during the ascendant phase of the epidemiological curve of COVID-19 in Barreiras. As a result, we detected the human RNAse P gene in most of samples, which indicates the presence of human cells or their fragments in specimens. However, we did not detect any trace of SARS-CoV-2 in all samples analyzed. We conclude that, so far, the environment and inanimate materials did not have an important role in COVID-19 transmission in Barreiras city. Therefore, similar results can probably be found in other cities, mainly those with COVID-19 epidemiological scenarios similar to that of Barreiras city. Our study is a small piece indicating the possibility that fomites and the environment do not have an important role in COVID-19 transmission. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the world scenario.

The Effect of Prestige Sensitivity on Price Acceptance in Vietnam’s Mobile Phone Market

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Huyen Thi Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Minh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Modelling Method ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Convenience Sampling

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of prestige sensitivity on mobile phone customer’s price acceptance in Vietnam and the mediating role of product knowledge and price mavenism on this relationship. We used the convenience sampling method for data collection via questionnaires with a sample of 605 consumers who purchased mobile phones. The collected data was analysed by applying a structural equation modelling method. The result indicates that prestige sensitivity has both direct and indirect effects on price acceptance via product knowledge and price mavenism. The findings suggest that prestige sensitivity can be used as a market segmentation criterion for mobile phones when making price decisions and providing customers with adequate information could improve price acceptance.

PERANAN ANGGOTA KELOMPOK TANI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH DI DESA KOROBHERA KECAMATAN MEGGO KABUPATEN SIKKA

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Toncerius M. Lesu ◽  
S.P.N. Nainiti ◽  
Serman Nikolaus
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Central Production ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Farmer Groups

The aim of this research is to find out how big the role of the farmer group members in increasing rice production at Korobhera Village, Meggo Subdistrict, Sikka District. The research has been done on April to May 2019. This is a qualitative study with purposive sampling considering the site was one of rice central production. The objectives of the study were to know : 1) how big the role of the farmer group members to productivity increasing in the area of research ; 2) the constraints faced by the members of the farmer group. Sample was done randomly using simple random sampling method with a total sample size of 50 people, who were the members of four farmer groups existed. The results of research indicated that the role of farmer group members in increasing rice production at the location of research was high, shown by the percentage of the accomplishment maximum score from average score in the amount of 75,65% (average score 87). The constraints faced by members of farmer group were quite similar, which were financial capital limits problem, uncaged livestocks and the availability of production tools was often not on time.

PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, INDEPENDENSI DAN AKUNTABILITAS TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT APARAT INSPEKTORAT DALAM PENGAWASAN KEUANGAN DAERAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
SULFIANTY SULFIANTY
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Financial Supervision ◽  
Internal Auditors

The role of internal auditors is needed to encourage the realization of good and clean governance. This study aims to determine the effect of competence, independence and accountability on inspectorate audit quality in regional financial supervision. Population in this study are all civil servants Inspectorate of Pohuwat Regency. The sample selection method in this study is the saturated or census sampling method. The results of this study indicate that independence and accountability have an influence on audit quality both partially and simultaneously.   Peranan auditor internal sangat diperlukan untuk mendorong terwujudnya tata pemerintahan yang baik dan bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuipengaruh kompetensi, independensi dan akuntabilitas terhadap kualitas audit inspektorat dalam pengawasan keuangan daerah.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh PNS Inspektorat Kabupaten Pohuwato.Metode pemilihan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sampling jenuh atau sensus.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi, independensi dan akuntabilitas memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas audit baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan.

scholarly journals Effects of Rifaximin on Luminal and Wall-Adhered Gut Commensal Microbiota in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Marina Ferrer ◽  
Mònica Aguilera ◽  
Vicente Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
Commensal Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Biodiversity ◽  
Rule Out

Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that ameliorates symptomatology in inflammatory/functional gastrointestinal disorders. We assessed changes in gut commensal microbiota (GCM) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) associated to rifaximin treatment in mice. Adult C57BL/6NCrl mice were treated (7/14 days) with rifaximin (50/150 mg/mouse/day, PO). Luminal and wall-adhered ceco-colonic GCM were characterized by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and microbial profiles determined by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Colonic expression of TLR2/3/4/5/7 and immune-related markers was assessed (RT-qPCR). Regardless the period of treatment or the dose, rifaximin did not alter total bacterial counts or bacterial biodiversity. Only a modest increase in Bacteroides spp. (150 mg/1-week treatment) was detected. In control conditions, only Clostridium spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were found attached to the colonic epithelium. Rifaximin showed a tendency to favour their adherence after a 1-week, but not 2-week, treatment period. Minor up-regulation in TLRs expression was observed. Only the 50 mg dose for 1-week led to a significant increase (by 3-fold) in TLR-4 expression. No changes in the expression of immune-related markers were observed. Rifaximin, although its antibacterial properties, induces minor changes in luminal and wall-adhered GCM in healthy mice. Moreover, no modulation of TLRs or local immune systems was observed. These findings, in normal conditions, do not rule out a modulatory role of rifaximin in inflammatory and or dysbiotic states of the gut.

The role of environmental temperature on movement patterns of giant anteaters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline GIROUX ◽  
Zaida ORTEGA ◽  
Alessandra BERTASSONI ◽  
Arnaud Léonard Jean DESBIEZ ◽  
Danilo KLUYBER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Movement Patterns

Concurrent and Lagged Relations between Emotion Regulation and Affect in Adolescents’ Daily Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Silva ◽  
Teresa Freire ◽  
Susana Faria
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Trait Level

AbstractA better understanding of emotion regulation (ER) within daily life is a growing focus of research. This study evaluated the average use of two ER strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) and concurrent and lagged relationships between these two ER strategies and affect (positive and negative affect) in the daily lives of adolescents. We also investigated the role of the same strategies at the trait level on these within-person relationships. Thirty-three adolescents provided 1,258 reports of their daily life by using the Experience Sampling Method for one week. Regarding the relative use of ER strategies, cognitive reappraisal (M = 2.87, SD = 1.58) was used more often than expressive suppression (M = 2.42, SD = 1.21). While the use of both strategies was positively correlated when evaluated in daily life (p = .01), the same did not occur at the trait level (p = .37). Multilevel analysis found that ER strategies were concurrently related to affect (p < .01), with the exception of cognitive reappraisal-positive affect relationship (p = .11). However, cognitive reappraisal predicted higher positive affect at the subsequent sampling moment ( β = 0.07, p = .03). The concurrent associations between cognitive reappraisal and negative affect vary as function of the use of this strategy at the trait level (β = 0.05, p = .02). Our findings highlighted the complex associations between daily ER strategies and affect of a normative sample of adolescents.

Consumer–Celebrity Parasocial Interaction: A Conditional Process Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110103
Author(s):  
Yadvinder Parmar ◽  
Bikram Jit Singh Mann
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Parasocial Interaction ◽  
Conditional Process Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Moderating Role

This article aims to empirically examine the mediating impact of consumer’s parasocial interaction on the relationship between celebrity images on the consumer’s purchase intentions. It aims to empirically investigate the moderating role of celebrity liking in the formation of consumer’s parasocial interaction. Four different versions of self-administered questionnaire using different celebrities as a stimulus were developed. Data were collected from 484 respondents. Quota cum judgemental sampling method was used for the study. The findings show that parasocial interaction mediates the relationship between celebrity images and purchase intentions. It also reveals positive moderating effect of celebrity liking. It has significant implications for marketers and academicians.

MOTIVASI BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN SCHOOL WELL-BEING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Nur Ainy Sadijah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
High Learning ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The Family

The role of the family has the influence to overcome all obstacles both from internal and external students in realizing all the ideals and hopes. Family support can increase learning motivation, sense of security and attention of students who are still in school. The form of family expression through empathy and acceptance helps students with enthusiasm to manifest individual enthusiasm in the learning process. High learning motivation is also caused by school well-being which is used by school institutions to understand all the basic needs for students and hope that individuals feel satisfaction, well-being and comfort in school with all the processes so as to reduce low learning motivation, this makes students feel prosperous, happy, happy in studying at school. This study aims to determine the effect of family support and school well-being on learning motivation in students of SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang. The number of samples used was 205 students of SMP Negeri 1 grades 7 and 8 East Telukjambe using probability sampling method. Based on the multiple regression analysis test that there is an influence between family support and school well-being on the learning motivation of students of SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang grades 7 and 8 with a Sign value. 0.000 <0.005, which means that family support and school well-being affect students' learning motivation by 23.1%. Keywords: Learning motivation, family support, school well-being Peran keluarga memiliki pengaruh untuk mengatasi segala rintangan baik dari internal maupun ekternal siswa dalam mewujudkan semua cita-cita dan harapan. Dukungan keluarga mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar, rasa aman dan perhatian siswa yang masih duduk dibangku sekolah. Bentuk ungkapan keluarga melalui empati dan penerimaan membantu siswa dengan semangat untuk mewujudkan semangat individu dalam proses belajarnya. Motivasi belajar yang tinggi juga di sebabkan oleh school well-being yang, dijadikan oleh institusi sekolah untuk memahami segala kebutuhan mendasar bagi siswa dan berharap individu merasakan kepuasan, kesejahteraan dan kenyamanan di sekolah dengan segala prosesnya sehingga mengurangi rendahnya motivasi belajar hal ini membuat siswa merasa sejahtera, senang, bahagia di dalam menuntut ilmu di sekolah. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan keluarga dan school well-being terhadap motivasi belajar pada siswa SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 205 siswa SMP Negeri 1 kelas 7 dan 8 Telukjambe Timur dengan menggunakan metode probability sampling. Berdasarkan uji analisis regresi berganda bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara dukungan keluarga dan school well-being terhadap motivasi belajar siswa SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang kelas 7 dan 8 dengan nilai Sign. 0,000 < 0,005 yang artinya dukungan keluarga dan school well-being mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 23.1%. Kata Kunci: Motivasi belajar, dukungan keluarga, school well-being

scholarly journals Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan Budaya Tri Hita Karana Pada Kinerja Bank Perkreditan Rakyat

2017 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Made Asri Dwija Putri ◽  
I.G.K.A Ulupui ◽  
Ni Gusti Putu Wirawati
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Result Show ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cultural Effect

The purpose of this study, namely to obtain empirical evidence that the implementation of corporate governance affect the performance of “Bank Perkreditan Rakyat” ( rural banks), and the role of local culture “Tri Hita Karana “to the BPR’s performance. The population is all BPR located in Badung and Denpasar. The samples using purposive sampling method. The data in this study were collected using a questionnaire are distributed directly to the object of research. “BPR” number into the sample in this study was 65 Banks. Data analyzed by model Multiple Regression Analysis. The research result show that the principles of corporate governance and the local cultural effect on the performance of BPR in Badung and Denpasar. “Bank Perkreditan Rakyat”. The implication of the study is important for the government to solve the economic problem using Corporate Governance and Tri Hita Karana concept.  

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