scholarly journals From Waste to Reuse: Manufacture of Ecological Composites Based on Biopolyethylene/Wood Powder with PE-g-MA and Macaíba oil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Santana da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna ◽  
D D Siqueira ◽  
Eduardo Ferreira ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Temperature Differential ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Torque Rheometry ◽  
Heat Deflection Temperature ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This work aimed to investigate the biopolyethylene (BioPE)/wood powder (WP) composites compatibilized with polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), using macaíba oil (OM) as a processing aid. The composites were prepared, initially, in an internal mixer and, later, the crushed flakes were molded by injection. Mechanical properties (impact, tensile, flexural and Shore D hardness), heat deflection temperature (HDT), Vicat softening temperature, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), water absorption, torque rheometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated. The addition of 30% wood powder to the BioPE matrix increased the elastic modulus (tensile and flexural), Shore D hardness and heat deflection temperature (HDT), compared to neat BioPE. These properties were improved when 10% of the PE-g-MA compatibilizer was added, compared to neat BioPE and the non-compatibilized composite. There was a significant reduction in the torque of the composites with the addition of macaíba oil, indicating that it improved the processability. In addition, the incorporation of macaíba oil into the composites helped to reduce water absorption, as well as to increase impact strength. SEM micrographs illustrated a greater degree of interfacial adhesion when PE-g-MA and macaiba oil were added.

Effect of compatibilizer on the properties of PBS/lignin composites prepared via a vane extruder

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Yu Liu ◽  
Fu Quan Chen ◽  
Rui Biao Guo ◽  
GuiZhen Zhang ◽  
JinPing Qu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Flexural Property ◽  
Grafted Polymers ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Maleic anhydride (MAH) grafted polymers and silanes have been used as the compatibilizer in poly (butylene succinate)/lignin (PBS/lignin) composites. Compatibilized composites were fabricated by a novel vane extruder (VE). The effects of MAH grafted and coupling agent on the mechanical, thermal property, rheological property and water absorption of PBS/lignin were investigated. The results showed that the use of MAH grafted polymers and silanes resulted in significant improvements in flexural property, tensile modulus and tensile strength. Furthermore, MAH grafted polymers and silanes exhibited some improvement on the properties of vicat softening temperature as well as water absorption. The composites treated by MAH grafted polymers and silanes showed non-Newtonian behaviors from rheological tests. A better interfacial adhesion between lignin and matrix was observed from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the compatibilized composites.

Polypropylene/wood powder composites: Evaluation of PP viscosity in thermal, mechanical, thermomechanical, and morphological characters

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571988095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo da Silva Barbosa Ferreira ◽  
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
Danilo Diniz Siqueira ◽  
Renate Maria Ramos Wellen
Keyword(s):  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Powder Composites

Large waste amounts from wood industries as powder and sawdust are daily produced, and reusing these materials otherwise would be discharged to the environment has become an economically viable and environmentally friendly alternative to produce new materials. Based on these arguments, polypropylene (PP)/Jatobá wood powder composites upon addition of two types of PP were processed in a corotational twin screw extruder; specimens were injected and molded and their characterization was performed through differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, mechanical properties (impact, tensile, flexural, and hardness), heat deflection temperature (HDT), Vicat softening temperature, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Increased elastic modulus, shore D hardness, HDT, and Vicat related to neat PPs were reached. Nevertheless, losses in impact and tensile strength as well as in elongation at break were also verified. These lower data may be associated with the wood agglomeration, as shown in SEM images. Apparently, the investigated properties were not affected by PP viscosities, where both of them presented similar data. Summing up, presented results can be considered commercially feasible, focusing at economic and environmental benefits while producing higher performance products.

Comparative study of flexural and physical properties of graphite-filled immiscible polypropylene/epoxy and high-density polyethylene/epoxy blends

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110470
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Ayotunde Alo ◽  
Iyiola Olatunji Otunniyi
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
High Density ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Synthetic Graphite ◽  
Epoxy Blends ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polypropylene/epoxy/synthetic graphite (PP/EP/SG) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE/EP/SG) composites were prepared by melt mixing followed by compression molding. The immiscibility of the polyolefins with epoxy was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed that HDPE/EP blend exhibits inferior interfacial adhesion between the component polymers compared to PP/EP blend. Also, the effect of SG content on flexural properties, density, moldability, water absorption, and porosity of the PP/EP/SG and HDPE/EP/SG composites was investigated. For both PP/EP/SG and HDPE/EP/SG composites, flexural modulus, density, and porosity increased with increase in SG content. For PP/EP/SG composites, the water absorption decreased from 0.154% at 30 wt% SG to 0.072% at 70 wt% SG. Further increase in SG content to 80 wt% caused an increase in water absorption. On the other hand, water absorption for HDPE/EP/SG increased with SG content all through. At the same filler loadings, PP/EP/SG composites showed lower density and porosity and performed better in terms of flexural modulus and water absorption compared to HDPE/EP/SG composites.

Effects of Levan on the Biodegradability and Thermal Properties of Polybutylene Succinate

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukantika Manatsittipan ◽  
Kamontip Kuttiyawong ◽  
Sunan Tiptipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Melting Behavior ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Internal Mixer

In this study, the biodegradability and the thermal properties of PBS and levan were prepared in the internal mixer with levan contents of 0, 0.5, and 1 wt%. The results from Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) present that the melting temperature of PBS was slightly decreased with increasing levan contents. That means there was no significant effect of levan on melting behavior of the composites at the added content. From the TGA thermograms, it could be seen that there was no significant effect on the thermal stability when adding levan. The degradation temperature at 5% weight loss for all composites were in the rage of 377-379 oC. Furthermore, char yields for all contents were closed to zero. Moreover, the water absorption of PBS/Levan composites was increased with levan content. The biodegradation was observed after 4-day burial period; the holes from degradation were larger with levan contents.

MORFOLOGI DAN PROPERTI CAMPURAN KARET ALAM/POLYPROPYLENE YANG DIVULKANISASI DINAMIK DALAM INTERNAL MIXER

REAKTOR ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Bahruddin Bahruddin ◽  
Sumarno Sumarno ◽  
Gede Wibowo ◽  
Nonot Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Scanning Electron

Morfologi dan properti campuran (blend) karet alam jenis SIR-20/polypropylene (NR/PP) yang divulkanisasi dinamik dalam internal mixer telah dipelajari. Blend dibuat dengan rasio berat NR/PP 10/90, 20/80, 50/50, 60/40 dan 70/30 dan komposisi sulfur 3 dan 5 phr (per hundred rubber). Proses pencampuran dilakukan pada suhu 180 oC dan kecepatan rotor 60 rpm. Analisa morfologi menggunakan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) dan DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry). Properti mekanik yang diukur meliputi tensile strength, elongation at break, izod impact, tearing dan hardness, berdasarkan standar ASTM. Didapatkan bahwa peningkatan rasio NR/PP menghasilkan distribusi partikel NR yang makin merata dengan ukuran yang makin kecil. Morfologi blend menunjukkan sistem dua fasa dan vulkanisasi fasa NR terjadi secara parsial dalam matrik PP. Peningkatan rasio NR/PP dan komposisi sulfur dapat meningkatkan properti elongation at break, namun menurunkan properti tensile strength, izod impact, tearing dan hardness. Elongation at break tertinggi yang dapat diperoleh adalah 70% pada rasio blend NR/PP 70/30 dan komposisi sulfur 5 phr.

Hydrodegradation of starch incorporated polylactic acid with acrylic acid as interfacial linker

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghong Xiao ◽  
Jianfei Che ◽  
Anne Bergeret ◽  
Chun Mao ◽  
Jian Shen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Composite Graft ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Graft Modification ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractGraft modification of polylactic acid (PLA) with acrylic acid (AA) using double initiators was studied. The composition of the graft copolymer (PLA-AA) was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and introduction of AA was demonstrated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicated that due to the increasing graft efficacy the modified PLA had better interfacial adhesion with starch compared to neat PLA. Fracture surfaces of starch/PLA and starch/PLA-AA were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the results also demonstrated the better interfacial adhesion of the latter composite. Graft modification of PLA matrix and introduction of starch played important roles in enhancing the mechanical properties (strength and modulus) while remaining good degradability of the composite.

scholarly journals Biocomposites Based on Thermoplastic Starch Reinforced with Recycled Paper Cellulose Fibers

2016 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnuay Wattanakornsiri ◽  
Sampan Tongnunui ◽  
Tongsai Jamnongkan ◽  
Claudio Migliaresi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Scanning Electron

Biocomposites sheets were prepared by compression molding from mixtures of corn starch plasticized by glycerol as matrix and cellulose fibers, extracted from used office paper, as reinforcement filler with contents ranging from 0 to 8% wt/wt of fibers to matrix. Properties of composites were determined by mechanical tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, water absorption measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that higher fibers content raised the tensile strength and elastic modulus up to 109% and 112%, respectively, when compared to the non-reinforced thermoplastic starch (TPS). The addition of the fibers improved the thermal resistance and decreased the water absorption up to 63.6%. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a good adhesion between matrix and fibers.

Preparation and Properties of the Glass Fiber Reinforced PP Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
Jian Bing Guo ◽  
Kai Zhou Zhang ◽  
Bin Xue ◽  
Shu Hao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) and unsturated polyester (UP) on the interfacial interaction of PP/GF composites were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical properties. The experimental results demonstrate that PP-g-MA and UP could effectively improve interfacial interaction between the PP and GF. Based on SEM, good interfacial adhesion between PP and GF in PP/UP/GF and PP/ PP-g-MA /GF composites was observed. DSC results showed that the existense of PP-g-MA or UP caused t crystallization temperature and melting temperature shift to high temperature. All results in this paper were consistent, and showed the good interaction between PP and GF, which were proved by the mechanical properties of the composites.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the effect of TiO2 and ZnO on the crystallization of PHB

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichollas Guimarães Jaques ◽  
Ingridy Dayane dos Santos Silva ◽  
Manoel da Cruz Barbosa Neto ◽  
Rayane Karoline Melo Diniz ◽  
Renate Maria Ramos Wellen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Zno And Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT PHB/TiO2 and PHB/ZnO compounds were prepared in a laboratory internal mixer. Crystallization was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with heating and cooling rates ranging from 5 to 30 °C/min. Fractured surface of selected samples was analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From the SEM images, it was observed that ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles were properly dispersed in the PHB matrix. DSC studies revealed that the addition of TiO2 and ZnO changed the temperature and crystallization rate but did not affect the total crystallinity significantly. In general, TiO2 behaved as nucleating agent greatly influencing the PHB crystallization.

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document