scholarly journals Effects of home quarantine for COVID-19 community control in Shenzhen, China, 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Qian Xu ◽  
Jing-Zhong Wang ◽  
Hai-Rui Wang ◽  
Jian-Fan He ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Community Control ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Nucleic Acid Testing ◽  
The Third

Abstract Background: Shenzhen implement classification management to prevent and control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Individuals with epidemic histories (came from Hubei and any other affected regions), but without symptoms were instructed to take home quarantine for 14 days and nucleic acid testing (NAT) for SARS-CoV-2. We described the infection status of the home-quarantined individuals, and effects of community control strategies in the three incubations after Wuhan closure in Shenzhen.Methods: This was a descriptive research, the sample size was 2,004 individuals based on multistage sampling during the pre-investigation. And the formal investigation expanded the sample size to 57,012 individuals based on pre-investigation. A single throat swab was collected from each individual for nucleic acid testing (NAT) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NAT was performed by a third-party institution. We collected information related to demographics, disease history, travel history, and personal protective measures before home quarantine, and monitored close-contact histories using the We Chat questionnaire.Results: The total infection rate of home-quarantined individuals was 0.12‰ (95% CI: 0.05‰–0.24‰) out of the total sample size of 59,016. The detection period for seven confirmed cases was primarily concentrated between February 8 and 18, 2020, which was during the second incubation period after Wuhan's closure. The home quarantined individuals with epidemic histories (came from Hubei and any other affected regions) were considered the high risk population during the first two incubations after Wuhan’s closure. No positive cases were detected from February 25 to March 5(the third incubation after Wuhan’s closure). The number of newly-confirmed cases per day was 0 for eight consecutive days from February 22 to 29 in Shenzhen.Conclusions: The community control strategies for home-quarantined individuals with epidemic histories (came from Hubei and any other affected regions), but without symptoms to take the NAT in the first two incubations is effective to control COVID-19. But it is not advocating for home-quarantined person to take the NAT since the third incubation.

scholarly journals Research on COVID-19 prevention and control strategies, and the effect of home quarantine in Shenzhen, China, 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Qian Xu(Co-first Author) ◽  
Jing-Zhong Wang(Co-first Author)) ◽  
Hai-Rui Wang ◽  
Jian-Fan He ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Third Party ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
And Control

Abstract AbstractBackground: To study the prevention and control strategies of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to analyze the infection of the home-quarantined individuals with epidemic histories (came from Hubei and any other affected regions), but without symptoms in the three incubations after Wuhan closure in Shenzhen.Methods: The sample size was 2,004 individuals based on multistage sampling during the pre-investigation. Based on the results of the pre-investigation, the formal investigation expanded the sample size to 57,012 individuals. A single throat swab was collected from each individual for nucleic acid testing (NAT) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NAT was performed by a third-party institution, BGI. We collected information related to demographics, disease history, travel history, and personal protective measures before home quarantine, and monitored close-contact histories using the We Chat questionnaire.Results: The total infection rate of home-quarantined individuals was 0.11% (95% CI: 0.05%–0.24%) out of the total sample size of 59,016. The detection period for seven confirmed cases was primarily concentrated between February 8 and 18, 2020, which was during the second incubation period after Wuhan's closure. The home quarantined individuals with epidemic histories (came from Hubei and any other affected regions) were considered the high risk population during the first two incubations after Wuhan’s closure. No positive cases were detected from February 25 to present (the third incubation after Wuhan’s closure). The number of newly-confirmed cases per day was 0 for 8 days from February 22 to 29 in Shenzhen. Thus, the strategies of prevention and control were effective.Conclusions: The strategies and policies were effective for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Additionally, the strategy of implementing NAT during the first two incubations for home-quarantined individuals with epidemic histories (came from Hubei and any other affected regions), but without symptoms, facilitated early detection, early reporting, early diagnosis, early quarantining, and early treatment. However, our findings do not support NAT for home quarantined persons during the third incubation after Wuhan’s closure to present.

scholarly journals Statistical methods for batch screening of input populations by stage and group in COVID-19 nucleic acid testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yuan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Nucleic Acid Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Test Result

AbstractPurposeTo screen for COVID-19 patients in immigration using minimal nucleic acid testing (NAT).MethodsIn the first phase, nasopharyngeal swab samples from the inbound population were numbered and grouped. The samples in the group were mixed together, and a NAT test was performed. When the test result is negative, it means that everyone in the group is not infected and the screening of the group is complete. When the test results were positive, the group moved on to the second stage. In the second stage, all samples in the positive group will be tested individually for NAT.ResultsThe advantages and considerations of the method are discussed. Prevalence in the incoming population was a determinant of the sample size within the group. The lower the incidence, the larger the sample size within the group, the higher the savings in NAT and testing costs.ConclusionThis method has significant efficiency and cost advantages in COVID-19 screening. It can also be used to screen other populations, such as community populations and people at high risk of infection, etc.

scholarly journals Continued nucleic acid tests for SARS-CoV-2 following discharge of patients with COVID-19 in Lu’an, China

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11617
Author(s):  
Yong Lyu ◽  
Danni Wang ◽  
Xiude Li ◽  
Tianqi Gong ◽  
Pengpeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Nucleic Acid Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anal Swab ◽  
Discharge Criteria ◽  
Pcr Test

Background Studies have shown that discharged Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have retested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during a follow-up RT-PCR test. We sought to assess the results of continued nucleic acid testing for SARS-CoV-2 patients in COVID-19 patients after they were discharged in Lu’an, China. Methods We conducted RT-PCR tests on sputum, throat swabs, fecal or anal swabs, and urine samples collected from 67 COVID-19 patients following discharge. Samples were collected on the 7th and 14th days following discharge. Patients testing positive on the 7th or 14th day were retested after 24 hours until they tested negative twice. Results Seventeen (17/67, 25.4%) discharged COVID-19 patients had a positive RT-PCR retest for SARS-CoV-2. Among them, 14 (82.4%) were sputum positive, five (29.4%) were throat swab positive, seven (41.2%) were fecal or anal swab positive, one (5.9%) was urine sample positive, five (29.4%) were both sputum and throat swab positive, four (23.5%) were both sputum and fecal test positive, and one (5.9%) was positive of all four specimens. The shortest period of time between discharge and the last positive test was 7 days, the longest was 48 days, and the median was 16 days. The proportion of positive fecal or anal swab tests increased from the third week. The median Cq cut-off values after onset were 26.7 after the first week, 37.7 the second to sixth week, and 40 after the sixth week. There were no significant differences between the RT-PCR retest positive group and the unrecovered positive group. Conclusions There was a high proportion of patients who retested positive for COVID-19. Discharge criteria have remained fairly consistent so we encourage regions affected by COVID-19 to appropriately amend their current criteria.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes in 55 Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Who Were Asymptomatic at Hospital Admission in Shenzhen, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (11) ◽  
pp. 1770-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Yingxia Liu ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Xianfeng Wang ◽  
Nijuan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Young People ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Nucleic Acid Testing ◽  
Pharyngeal Swab ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriers ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract An epidemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread unexpectedly in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, since December 2019. There are few reports about asymptomatic contacts of infected patients identified as positive for SARS-CoV-2 through screening. We studied the epidemiological and clinical outcomes in 55 asymptomatic carriers who were laboratory confirmed to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 through nucleic acid testing of pharyngeal swab samples. The asymptomatic carriers seldom occurred among young people (aged 18–29 years) who had close contact with infected family members. In the majority of patients, the outcome was mild or ordinary 2019 novel coronavirus disease during hospitalization.

scholarly journals Psycholinguistic Characteristics of Secondary Predication in Determining the Construction of a Peculiar Picture of the World of a Reader

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-231
Author(s):  
Nataliya Mykhalchuk ◽  
Ernest Ivashkevych
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Secondary Predication

The article deals with the analysis of psycholinguistic characteristics of explication of secondary predication, which are considered as dominant determinants of constructing a peculiar picture of the world of the reader. It is noted that in the scientific literature predication is categorized as a category that facilitates the constitution of a sentence in the form of a minimal communicative unit, which helps to establish the identity of the content of the sentence and the content of the reality which is surrounding us. It was determined that predication is: a) a category that contains signs of time, modality and personalization; b) a category that is essentially quasi-communicative, that is one that manifests itself in the attitudes of the opposition to themes and rams; c) a category that contains signs of time and modality. In this article the novel of Frederick Forsyth “The Odessa file” was analyzed (according to the structures of secondary predication). This analysis suggests that the largest number of secondary predication structures are components of predication structures: 2137 cases, representing 51.38% of the total (4159 of all structures of secondary predication). This group includes the structures of secondary predication of all five types, but the most frequent are the structures of secondary predication, where the secondary predication is expressed by the adjective: in 35.47%. In addition, it should be noted that the structures of secondary predication with the infinitive are the most frequent of all types of structures of secondary predication and make up 34.82% of the total sample size, that is, almost the third part from all amount of cases. The structures of secondary predication, that are Participle II and the structures of it modification, make up 30.89% of the total. However, in the novel of Frederick Forsyth “The Odessa file” also there are the structures of the secondary predication of all five types. Cases when the structures of secondary predication act as components of the modification structures are the least frequent (only 39.07% of the total), however, this group also includes the structures of secondary predication of all types. It was clarified the concept of secondary predication. We believe that secondary predication is the amplification of features of the sentence, which amplifies the meaning of the sentence to the reality that is surrounding us, thus these structures are facilitating, building the image of the world or a peculiar picture of the world of a reader, the picture which, in turn, will determine the mental scripts, frames and images of this man in the future.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Fully Vaccinated Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Ramirez ◽  
Rebecca P. Wilkes ◽  
Giovanna Carpi ◽  
Jack Dorman ◽  
Craig Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Nucleic Acid Testing ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Passive Surveillance ◽  
Nasal Swabs

Importance: While COVID-19 vaccines are highly effective against disease, breakthrough infections may occur in the context of rising variants of concern. Objective: We paired random and passive surveillance nucleic acid testing with analysis of viral whole genomic sequences to detect and describe breakthrough infections, focusing in a university community. Design: Anterior nasal swabs were collected from individuals for a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for detection of SARS-CoV-2. A subset of NAAT positive samples was sequenced to determine variants associated with infections. Included in the testing and sequencing protocol were individuals that were fully vaccinated. Setting: This study was performed as part of a surveillance program for SARS-CoV-2 on a university campus with 49,700 students and employees. Participants: Surveillance testing was random and included approximately 10% of the population each week. Additionally, individuals self-identified with COVID-19 related symptoms or those that had close contact with SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals were also tested.

Resolving tension from the third-party forgiveness effect

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn M. Moloney ◽  
Chelsea A. Reid ◽  
Jody L. Davis ◽  
Jeni L. Burnette ◽  
Jeffrey D. Green
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Party

PENILAIAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MEMBUAT BAHAN AJAR DI SDN 005 KOTO SENTAJO

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusra Yusra
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nature Of Teaching

Teaching materials are one of the most important parts of the learning process and also prove that the teacher is professional or not, the nature of teaching materials is to provide convenience when conducting learning. This research is a school action research using descriptive quantitative research methods which in the results of this study are explained using numbers in the presentation. Place in SDN 005 Koto Sentajo Sentajo Raya Subdistrict Kuantan Singingi Regency with a total sample of 10 teachers. The results of this study will discuss three aspects of assessment in teaching materials, the first in the aspect of content feasibility illustrates that in the appropriate category there are 6 teachers with a percentage of 60%, and the category is very feasible with a total of 4 teachers with a percentage of 40%. in the second aspect the assessment of linguistic aspects in the feasible category with the percentage of 50%, and the very decent category 50%. in the third aspect, the evaluation of the presentation aspects in the category is feasible with a percentage of 20%, and in the very feasible category of 80%. Then it can be concluded that the teacher's ability to make teaching materials is good, and the making of teaching materials is appropriate for use in the learning process.

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