Analysis Combustion Efficiency in a Fluidized-Bed Combustor With a Modified Perforated Plate for Air Distribution

Abstract Combustion efficiency is one of the most important parameters, especially in the FBC combustion chamber. Investigations into the efficiency of combustion in FBC fuels using solid biomass waste fuels in recent years are increasingly in demand by researchers around the world. Specifically, this study aims to calculate the combustion efficiency in the FBC combustion chamber. Combustion efficiency is calculated based on combustion results from modification of hollow plates in the FBC combustion chamber. The modified hollow plate aims to control combustion so that the fuel incorporated can burn out and not saturate. The combustion experiments were tested using palm oil biomass solid waste fuels such as PKS, OPM, and EFB. The results of the measurements showed that the maximum combustion temperature for MCC fuel reached 863oC for M1 and 887oC on M2. The maximum combustion temperature measurements for M1 and M2 from OPM fuel testing reached 898oC and 858oC, respectively, while the maximum combustion temperature for EFB fuel was 667oC andM2 847oC, respectively. The rate of combustion efficiency with the modification of the hole plate in the FBC combustion chamber reached 96.2%. Thermal efficiency in FBC combustion chamber for OPM 72.62%, MCC 70.03%, and EFB 52.43%. The highest heat transfer rates for OPM fuel reached 7792.36 w/m, MCC 7167.38 w/m, and EFB 5127.83 w/m. Thus, modification of the holed plate in the FBC chamber showed better performance of the plate without modification.

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Analysis Combustion Efficiency in a Fluidized-Bed Combustor With a Modified Perforated Plate for Air Distribution

10.21203/rs.3.rs-442905/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erdiwansyah Erdiwansyah ◽

Mahidin Mahidin ◽

Husni Husin ◽

Nasaruddin Nasaruddin ◽

Muhtadin Muhtadin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combustion Chamber ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Perforated Plate ◽

Combustion Efficiency ◽

Biomass Waste ◽

Transfer Rates ◽

Burn Out ◽

Maximum Combustion Temperature ◽

Solid Biomass ◽

Fluidized Bed Combustor

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Combustion Efficiency in a Fluidized-Bed Combustor with a Modified Perforated Plate for Air Distribution

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9091489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1489 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erdiwansyah ◽

Mahidin ◽

Husni Husin ◽

Nasaruddin ◽

Muhtadin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Perforated Plate ◽

Combustion Efficiency ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Maximum Combustion Temperature ◽

Fluidized Bed Combustor

Combustion efficiency is one of the most important parameters especially in the fluidized-bed combustor. Investigations into the efficiency of combustion in fluidized-bed combustor fuels using solid biomass waste fuels in recent years are increasingly in demand by researchers around the world. Specifically, this study aims to calculate the combustion efficiency in the fluidized-bed combustor. Combustion efficiency is calculated based on combustion results from the modification of hollow plates in the fluidized-bed combustor. The modified hollow plate aims to control combustion so that the fuel incorporated can burn out and not saturate. The combustion experiments were tested using palm oil biomass solid waste fuels such as palm kernel shell, oil palm midrib, and empty fruit bunches. The results of the measurements showed that the maximum combustion temperature for the palm kernel shell fuel reached 863 °C for M1 and 887 °C for M2. The maximum combustion temperature measurements for M1 and M2 from the oil palm midrib fuel testing reached 898 °C and 858 °C, respectively, while the maximum combustion temperature for M1 and M2 from the empty fruit bunches fuel was 667 °C and M2 847 °C, respectively. The rate of combustion efficiency with the modification of the hole plate in the fluidized-bed combustor reached 96.2%. Thermal efficiency in fluidized-bed combustors for oil palm midrib was 72.62%, for PKS was 70.03%, and for empty fruit bunches was 52.43%. The highest heat transfer rates for the oil palm midrib fuel reached 7792.36 W/m2, palm kernel shell 7167.38 W/m2, and empty fruit bunches 5127.83 W/m2. Thus, the modification of the holed plate in the fluidized-bed combustor chamber showed better performance of the plate than without modification.

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Modeling and Experiment on Combustion Characteristics for Biomass Rotary Burner

Current Alternative Energy ◽

10.2174/2405463104666200120113721 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 ◽

Author(s):

Guohai Jia ◽

Lijun Li ◽

Li Dai ◽

Zicheng Gao ◽

Jiping Li

Keyword(s):

Combustion Chamber ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Combustion Efficiency ◽

Middle Part ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Excess Air ◽

Element Simulation ◽

Excess Air Coefficient ◽

Secondary Air

Background: A biomass pellet rotary burner was chosen as the research object in order to study the influence of excess air coefficient on the combustion efficiency. The finite element simulation model of biomass rotary burner was established. Methods: The computational fluid dynamics software was applied to simulate the combustion characteristics of biomass rotary burner in steady condition and the effects of excess air ratio on pressure field, velocity field and temperature field was analyzed. Results: The results show that the flow velocity inside the burner gradually increases with the increase of inlet velocity and the maximum combustion temperature is also appeared in the middle part of the combustion chamber. Conclusion: When the excess air coefficient is 1.0 with the secondary air outlet velocity of 4.16 m/s, the maximum temperature of the rotary combustion chamber is 2730K with the secondary air outlet velocity of 6.66 m/s. When the excess air ratio is 1.6, the maximum temperature of the rotary combustion chamber is 2410K. When the air ratio is 2.4, the maximum temperature of the rotary combustion chamber is 2340K with the secondary air outlet velocity of 9.99 m/s. The best excess air coefficient is 1.0. The experimental value of combustion temperature of biomass rotary burner is in good agreement with the simulation results.

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The Modification of the Perforated Plate in the Fluidized-Bed Combustor to Analyze Heat Convection Rate and Temperature

Journal of Combustion ◽

10.1155/2021/4084162 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Erdiwansyah ◽

Mahidin ◽

Husni Husin ◽

Muhammad Faisal ◽

Muhtadin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Perforated Plate ◽

Heat Rate ◽

Convection Heat ◽

Wide Range ◽

Fluidized Bed Combustor

Investigation of combustion temperature through experiments with a wide range of fuels, both solid and liquid, is continuously being conducted by scientists around the world, while the measurement of heat transfer rate can be analyzed when the combustion process occurs. Previous research has generally been conducted using liquefied gas, fossil fuels, and alcohol additives. Specifically, the research in this work investigated the convection heat rate and combustion temperature through the modification of the perforated plate. The experiment was conducted in the fluidized-bed combustor (FBC) fuel chamber using solid waste fuel of oil palm biomass. Measurements were performed at four different points using the HotTemp HT-306 Digital Thermometer. The results of the experiment showed that the convection heat rate in measurement one (M-I) reached 8.258 W/m2 for palm kernel shell (PKS) fuel. Meanwhile, in measurement two (M-II), the convection rate of 7.392 W/m2 was produced by oil palm midrib (OPM) fuel. The highest combustion temperature was recorded with OPM fuel (884°C) at M-I. However, the combustion temperature of the PKS combustion process is higher at 896°C but shows a less good trend than OPM. Overall, the measurement results of the three types of fuel used to modify the perforated plate applied in the FBC fuel chamber are excellent. It can be proven that the fuel is put into the combustion chamber with nothing left.

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Combustion Thermodynamics of Ethanol, n-Heptane, and n-Butanol in a Rapid Compression Machine with a Dual Direct Injection (DDI) Supply System

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14092729 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2729

Author(s):

Ireneusz Pielecha ◽

Sławomir Wierzbicki ◽

Maciej Sidorowicz ◽

Dariusz Pietras

Keyword(s):

Heat Release ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Combustion Efficiency ◽

Injection System ◽

Rapid Compression Machine ◽

Process Indicators ◽

Rapid Compression

The development of internal combustion engines involves various new solutions, one of which is the use of dual-fuel systems. The diversity of technological solutions being developed determines the efficiency of such systems, as well as the possibility of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide and exhaust components into the atmosphere. An innovative double direct injection system was used as a method for forming a mixture in the combustion chamber. The tests were carried out with the use of gasoline, ethanol, n-heptane, and n-butanol during combustion in a model test engine—the rapid compression machine (RCM). The analyzed combustion process indicators included the cylinder pressure, pressure increase rate, heat release rate, and heat release value. Optical tests of the combustion process made it possible to analyze the flame development in the observed area of the combustion chamber. The conducted research and analyses resulted in the observation that it is possible to control the excess air ratio in the direct vicinity of the spark plug just before ignition. Such possibilities occur as a result of the properties of the injected fuels, which include different amounts of air required for their stoichiometric combustion. The studies of the combustion process have shown that the combustible mixtures consisting of gasoline with another fuel are characterized by greater combustion efficiency than the mixtures composed of only a single fuel type, and that the influence of the type of fuel used is significant for the combustion process and its indicator values.

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Effect of Injection Timing on Combustion Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine Fuelled with Pistacia chinensis Bunge Seed Biodiesel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.337 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 614-615 ◽

pp. 337-342

Author(s):

Li Luo ◽

Bin Xu ◽

Zhi Hao Ma ◽

Jian Wu ◽

Ming Li

Keyword(s):

Combustion Temperature ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Injection Timing ◽

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽

Cylinder Pressure ◽

Combustion Duration ◽

Di Diesel Engine ◽

Maximum Combustion Temperature

In this study, the effect of injection timing on combustion characteristics of a direct injection, electronically controlled, high pressure, common rail, turbocharged and intercooled engine fuelled with different pistacia chinensis bunge seed biodiesel/diesel blends has been experimentally investigated. The results indicated that brake specific fuel consumption reduces with the increasing of fuel injection advance angle and enhances with the increasing of biodiesel content in the blends. The peak of cylinder pressure and maximum combustion temperature increase evidently with the increment of fuel injection advance angle. However, the combustion of biodiesel blends starts earlier than diesel at the same fuel injection advance angle. At both conditions, the combustion duration and the peak of heat release rate are insensitive to the changing of injection timing.

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The Effect of Biomass Shapes on Combustion Characteristic in Updraft Chamber

International Journal of Integrated Engineering ◽

10.30880/ijie.2021.13.04.015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Wasu Suksuwan ◽

◽

Mohd Faizal Mohideen Batcha ◽

Arkom Palamanit ◽

Makatar Wae-hayee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Flue Gases ◽

Combustion Characteristic ◽

Rubber Wood ◽

Chip Shape ◽

Biomass Sample

Combustion of agricultural residues and wastes for energy applications is still popular. However, combustion of biomass with different shapes leads to many side effects such as agglomeration, emission and incomplete combustion. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effects of biomass shapes on combustion characteristics in an updraft combustion chamber. The rubber wood chip, coconut shell, oil palm empty fruit bunch, corn straw, rubber wood sawdust, and mixed palm cake were used as fuel and they were categorized as 3 shapes namely, chip shape, fiber shape, and powder shape. The biomass sample was combusted in simple cylindrical shape combustion chamber. The diameter of combustion chamber was 20 cm and its height was 160 cm. The biomass sample (moisture content below 20%) with amount of 1 kg was used to perform the experiment. The ambient air that had velocity of 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 m/s (corresponding to an equivalence ratio of 1-3.5) was supplied to combustion chamber. The temperature at different positions along combustion chamber height and the properties of flue gases (carbon monoxide) were then measured. The results showed that the biomass shape had effect on combustion characteristics. Combustion of fiber shape biomass led to low combustion temperature, while the carbon monoxide in flue gases was high. This indicates the improper combustion process. The chip shape biomass was well combusted at a higher air velocity and the flue gases had lowest carbon monoxide. The highest combustion temperature was obtained from combustion of powder shape biomass. However, it led to the problem of unburned biomass such in case of sawdust. This is because the sawdust powder was carried from combustion chamber before burning completely.

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COMBUSTION PERFORMANCE OF SYNGAS FROM BIOMASS WASTE IN GAS BURNER SYSTEM/PRESTASI PEMBAKARAN SYNGAS DARI SISA BIOJISIM DALAM SISTEM PEMBAKAR GAS

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v80.12431 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Oryza Mohd Mokhtar ◽

Mohammad Nazri Mohd Ja’afar ◽

Mustafa Yusoff ◽

Mazlan Said ◽

Muhammad Roslan Rahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Nitrogen Oxide ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Biomass Waste ◽

Gas Combustion ◽

Combustion Performance ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Gas Burner

Syngas from biomass residues is an alternative fuel to address the ever-increasing fossil fuel supply problem and the issue of releasing toxic gases from the fossil fuel burning process. Syngas is also a renewable fuel and features environmentally friendly fuel. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of the syngas produced from oil palm shells (PKS) using fluidized bed gasifier. In this study, the produced syngas was tested for its combustion performance from the aspect of gas combustion temperature and resulting emission concentrations such as nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The resulting syngas was studied at different ratio of air velocities to fuels. From the test, the ratio of velocity of air to fuel affects the gas combustion temperature and emission emission concentration. By increasing the air velocity to fuel ratio during the gasification process produces more positive effects primarily in improving the temperature of the gas burner combustion and reducing carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. However, the concentration of sulfur dioxide release (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) increase.

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Combustion Improvement System in Boilers and Incinerators

2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference ◽

10.1115/ijpgc2003-40141 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Wlodzimierz Blasiak ◽

Weihong Yang

Keyword(s):

Temperature Distribution ◽

Heat Release ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Waste Incinerator ◽

The Novel ◽

Biomass Waste ◽

Injection Angle ◽

Waste Incinerators

This work presents the main features, advantages and evaluation of applications of the novel “Ecotube” combustion improvement and emission reduction system by Ecomb AB of Sweden and Synterprise, LLC of Chattanooga, Tennessee. In the Ecotube system, the nozzles used for mixing are put on the suitable position inside the combustion chamber to control uniformity of temperature, mixing and reactants distribution in boilers and incinerators since the formation and reduction of pollutants (NO, CO and VOC) and in-furnace reduction processes (Air/Fuel staging, SNCR, flue gas recirculation and SOx reduction by dry sorbent injection) are related directly to mixing in a combustion chamber. The novel Ecotube combustion improvement system allows better control of mixing of the gases for example from a primary combustion zone with secondary combustion air or a recirculated flue gas. By means of the novel system it is possible to better control the residence time and to some degree gas phase temperature distribution as well as the heat release distribution in the furnace of the waste incinerators or boilers. This new combustion improvement system can be applied to supply different gas or liquid media — for example air, fuel, urea or even solid powder. Using the system a more efficient and environmentally clean combustion or incineration process can be performed. The Ecotube System may be used to meet increasingly stringent environmental emissions regulations, such as NOx SIP Call, while it delivers added benefits of reduced and stabilized CO and reduced fly ash and improved boiler efficiency. The study tool used in this work to present influence of the Ecotube system design on temperature as well as uniformity of reactants and flow field is numerical modeling. Using this tool, the influence of the position of the Ecotube system and the injection angle of the nozzles are studied. The studied boilers included the biomass waste incinerator, municipal solid waste incinerator and coal fired boiler. The concept of the Heat Release Distribution Ratio is proposed to classify the heat release inside the upper furnace of the boilers or incinerators. The results show that Ecotube spreads reaction zone over a larger furnace volume. The furnace flame occupation coefficient can be as high as 45% with the Ecotube system and it is around 40% higher comparing with the conventional multinozzle mixing system. Ecotube system allows keeping far more uniform heat release distribution, more uniform temperature distribution, and thus longer life of the heat transfer surfaces inside the furnace. Position of the Ecotube system and the injection angle of the nozzles are of primary importance and can be used as a technical parameter to control the boiler operation at different loads and varying operating conditions.

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Effects of Plateau Environment on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Plateau High-Pressure Common-Rail Diesel Engine with Different Blending Ratios of Biodiesel

Energies ◽

10.3390/en15020550 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 550

Author(s):

Guohai Jia ◽

Guoshuai Tian ◽

Daming Zhang

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Heat Release ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Combustion Temperature ◽

Common Rail ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Mass Fractions ◽

Maximum Combustion Temperature

Taking a plateau high-pressure common-rail diesel engine as the research model, a model was established and simulated by AVL FIRE according to the structural parameters of a diesel engine. The combustion and emission characteristics of D, B20, and B50 diesel engines were simulated in the plateau atmospheric environment at 0 m, 1000 m, and 2000 m. The calculation results show that as the altitude increased, the peak in-cylinder pressure and the cumulative heat release of diesel decreased with different blending ratios. When the altitude increased by 1000 m, the cumulative heat release was reduced by about 5%. Furthermore, the emission trend of NO, soot, and CO was to first increase and then decrease. As the altitude increased, the mass fraction of NO emission decreased. As the altitude increased, the mass fractions of soot and CO increased. Additionally, when the altitude was 0 m and 1000 m, the maximum temperature, the mass fraction of OH, and the fuel–air ratio of B20 were higher and more uniform. When the altitude was 2000 m, the maximum temperature, the mass fraction of OH, and the fuel–air ratio of B50 were higher and more uniform. Lastly, as the altitude increased, the maximum combustion temperature of D and B20 decreased, and combustion became more uneven. As the altitude increased, the maximum combustion temperature of B50 increased, and the combustion became more uniform. As the altitude increased, the fuel–air ratio and the mass fractions of OH and NO decreased. When the altitude increased, the soot concentration increased, and the distribution area was larger.

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