scholarly journals Combination therapy of Tocilizumab and steroid for COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood moosazadeh ◽  
Tahoora Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract BackgroundThe coagulation markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-a) and Lymphopenia are associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease. The use of anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids (CS) or Tosilizumab (TCZ) has been suggested for the treatment of advanced stage of COVID-19 and reduction of mechanical ventilators and mortality. The aim of this meta-analysis is to determine the role of combination therapy with Tocilizumab and steroid in COVID-19 patient. Material and methodsRelevant studies were found using online international databases and suitable studies were selected and assessed by two independent researchers. The quality of all papers were determined by a checklist. Heterogeneity assay among the primary studies was evaluated by Cochran's Q test and I2 index. The statistical analyses were done using Stata ver. 14 package (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) software. Publication bias was estimated through the Egger's test and the impact of each study on the overall estimate was assessed by sensitivity analysis.Result 6 studies were entered into this meta-analysis. The results of these studies showed that the risk of death for COVID-19 patients treated with the combination of corticosteroids and Tocilizumab compared to Tocilizumab or [C1] control group was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.36-1.50) and 0.48(95% CI: 0.31-0.74) respectively. ConclusionThis meta-analysis showed that the risk of death in COVID-19 patients who treated with Corticosteroids and Tocilizumab was lower than Tocilizumab and control group (26% and 52% respectively).

scholarly journals The Effect of Anakinra in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4462
Author(s):  
Konstantinos G. Kyriakoulis ◽  
Anastasios Kollias ◽  
Garyphallia Poulakou ◽  
Ioannis G. Kyriakoulis ◽  
Ioannis P. Trontzas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Impact

The role of immunomodulatory agents in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 has been of increasing interest. Anakinra, an interleukin-1 inhibitor, has been shown to offer significant clinical benefits in patients with COVID-19 and hyperinflammation. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the impact of anakinra on the outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was conducted. Studies, randomized or non-randomized with adjustment for confounders, reporting on the adjusted risk of death in patients treated with anakinra versus those not treated with anakinra were deemed eligible. A search was performed in PubMed/EMBASE databases, as well as in relevant websites, until 1 August 2021. The meta-analysis of six studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n = 1553 patients with moderate to severe pneumonia, weighted age 64 years, men 66%, treated with anakinra 50%, intubated 3%) showed a pooled hazard ratio for death in patients treated with anakinra at 0.47 (95% confidence intervals 0.34, 0.65). A meta-regression analysis did not reveal any significant associations between the mean age, percentage of males, mean baseline C-reactive protein levels, mean time of administration since symptoms onset among the included studies and the hazard ratios for death. All studies were considered as low risk of bias. The current evidence, although derived mainly from observational studies, supports a beneficial role of anakinra in the treatment of selected patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Assessment of anxiety and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tathiana Pagano ◽  
Luciana Akemi Matsutani ◽  
Elisabeth Alves Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Amélia Pasqual Marques ◽  
Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

CONTEXT: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and by a low pain threshold at specific anatomical points. The syndrome is associated with other symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness and anxiety. Because of its chronic nature, it often has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life and anxiety level of patients with fibromyalgia. TYPE Of STUDY: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Rheumatology outpatient service of Hospital das Clínicas (Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo). METHODS: This study evaluated 80 individuals, divided between test and control groups. The test group included 40 women with a confirmed diagnosis of fibromyalgia. The control group was composed of 40 healthy women. Three questionnaires were used: two to assess quality of life (FIQ and SF-36) and one to assess anxiety (STAI). They were applied to the individuals in both groups in a single face-to-face interview. The statistical analysis used Student's t test and Pearson's correlation test (r), with a significance level of 95%. Also, the Pearson chi-squared statistics test for homogeneity, with Yates correction, was used for comparing schooling between test and control groups. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.000), thus indicating that fibromyalgia patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety. The correlations between the three questionnaires were high (r = 0.9). DISCUSSION: This study has confirmed the efficacy of FIQ for evaluating the impact of fibromyalgia on the quality of life. SF-36 is less specific than FIQ, although statistically significant values were obtained when analyzed separately, STAI showed lower efficacy for discriminating the test group from the control group. The test group showed worse quality of life than did the control group, which was demonstrated by both FIQ and SF-36. Even though STAI was a less efficient instrument, it presented significant results, showing that fibromyalgia patients presented higher levels of anxiety, both on the state and trait scales. Thus, patients with fibromyalgia had higher levels of tension, nervousness, preoccupation and apprehension, and higher propensity towards anxiety. CONCLUSION: The three instruments utilized showed efficiency in evaluating fibromyalgia patients. FIQ was found to be the most efficient instrument for discriminating and assessing the impact of fibromyalgia on their quality of life. It can be concluded that such patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety.

Supervisor workplace gossip and its impact on employees

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Chih Kuo ◽  
Chih-Ying Wu ◽  
Chia-Wu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Communication Style ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of supervisor gossip in the workplace. This paper proposes a hypothetical model in which supervisor gossip has an effect on leader-member exchange (LMX), in turn resulting in perceived supervisor ostracism among subordinates. Design/methodology/approach A dyadic research design was applied to collect data from Taiwanese employees. Supervisors participated in a survey containing measures of supervisor gossip and control variables, whereas subordinates responded to a questionnaire on LMX, perceived supervisor ostracism, and control variables. Findings The results indicated that positive supervisor gossip significantly affected LMX. Furthermore, healthy LMX reduced subordinates’ perceptions of supervisor ostracism. Research limitations/implications All participants were recruited in Taiwan, which is a limitation for generalising the research findings. Future studies should investigate multiple societies of various cultural profiles. Practical implications To improve the quality of the supervisor-subordinate relationship, supervisors should adopt a positive informal communication style, and organisations should provide supervisors with information regarding the implications of workplace gossip, illustrating the substantial benefits of positive gossip and the potential drawbacks of negative gossip. Originality/value The present study highlighted the role of supervisor workplace gossip in the field of leadership and empirically investigated the impact of supervisor gossip on subordinates’ reactions.

scholarly journals Short term functional training improves completion quality of body difficulty of juvenile rhythmic gymnasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-ke Qin ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Li Peng
Keyword(s):  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts

ABSTRACT To explore the impact of functional training on completion quality of body difficulty, 24 rhythmic gymnasts aged 10-11 years old were randomly and averagely divided into functional training and control group and trained 2h/day for 1 month. Body difficulty – including balance, rotation, and leap difficulties – was measured before and after training. The results showed that the total score, the score of 360° passé pivot and the score of split leap for the functional training group was respectively 1.87, 0.77, and 0.42 points higher than those for the control group (P<0.05) after 1 month of training. Therefore, it can be concluded that functional training based on Functional Movement Screen (FMS) can clearly improve completion quality of body difficulty in juvenile rhythmic gymnastics within a short period of time.

scholarly journals Reinforcing Risk Perception to Induce Exercise Intention: Role of Systematic Interaction from Social Marketing Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Farooq Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz Qaisar ◽  
Syed Ali Raza Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Exercise Intention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the relationship between systematic interaction, fear appeals, and exercise intention using group-centered and participatory approaches. The longitudinal experimental design was used to understand the phenomenon of fear appeals (risk perception) for adopting sustained physical activities. The sample comprised two treatment conditions i.e. experimental group and control group to measure the impact of interventions for verification of the proposed conceptual model. The findings indicate that risk perception mediated the relationship between systematic interaction and exercise intention. Moreover, systematic interaction has a positive effect on risk perception and exercise intention. The findings conceptually advance the fear appeal theory with a new lens using a participatory paradigm to augment sustained behavior change. We advocate that use of systematic interaction adds value in expanding the scope of a theoretical base for marketing.

scholarly journals Role of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery in cervical cancer: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3912
Author(s):  
Ganesh Bharaswadkar
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Neo Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Incidence of cervical cancer is predominantly found in developing countries. In Indian set up, it is most commonly found in rural locations in younger population. Chemotherapy was initially introduced for the treatment of recurrent/metastatic cervix cancer and has subsequently been explored in primary treatment either as neo-adjuvant prior to radiation or surgery in an attempt to reduce the incidence of loco-regional recurrence. The review study tries to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery in cervical cancer management. Randomized trials and meta-analysis were analysed. Most of them used short course chemotherapy course of 4-6 weeks followed by surgery. patients with high risk pathological features received postoperative RT. The results of trials indicated significant reduction in the risk of death with NACT, but there were few differences between the trials. NACT followed by surgery is found to be associated with an improved response rate and progression-free survival. However, the impact on overall survival remains to be confirmed.

scholarly journals SARS-Cov 2 infection and anti-tuberculosis immunity: temporal association or real protective role?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMMI SANAA ◽  
BOURKIA MYRIEM ◽  
ADIL NAJDI ◽  
CHAHBOUNE RAJAE ◽  
RISSOUL KARIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cross Immunity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Introduction: According to the literature consulted to date, there is epidemiological heterogeneity of covid 19 between countries depending on their vaccination policy, in particular BCG vaccination. These findings have led to several hypotheses, including the protective role of immunity induced by the BCG tuberculosis vaccine against Covid-19 infection. The immunity induced by the BCG vaccine significantly increases the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular IL-1B, which has been shown to play an essential role in antiviral immunity. This cross-immunity, although not specific, if highlighted, is a real providence that must be taken advantage of in the face of this pandemic. The main objective of this study is to rule out or confirm that anti-tuberculosis immunity protects against SARS-COV 2 in our context. Materiel and methods: Two groups will be compared: cases infected with the virus and controls who have never been infected with the virus. Both case and control groups will undergo a tuberculin skin test: the intra dermal tuberculin reaction (IDR). Results: We found that our control group had a high IDR immunity value, with an IDR tuberculin positive percentage of 67.2%. This suggests that immunity to IDR is a protective factor against coronavirus disease. Conclusion: The hypothesis of nonspecific anti-tuberculosis protection deserves further verification studies; it would have large positive repercussions for developing countries.

scholarly journals Factors Associated for Mortality of Older People With COVID 19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233372142110573
Author(s):  
H. D. W. T. Damayanthi ◽  
K. I. P. Prabani ◽  
Ishanka Weerasekara
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Critical Appraisal Tool ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
And Control

Background Whilst people of all ages are affected in some way by COVID-19 virus, older people are at a high mortality risk. This study aimed to systematically review the numerous factors associated with mortality among COVID-19 infected older people. Method PubMed and Science Direct were searched from inception to the April 15, 2021. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement and Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Results Of the 4957 studies identified, 20 were included in the qualitative analysis, while 10 were included in the quantitative analysis. Male sex (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.23–3.99), age (over 75 years old) (OR = 3.36, 95% CI = 2.30–4.90), Dementia (OR = 3.69, 95% CI = 1.99–6.83) and Dyspnoea (OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 2.61–3.82), were found to be significantly associated with mortality. There is no significant association between Diabetes, or Hypertension. Conclusion Older age, male gender, dyspnoea and dementia were associated with a greater risk of death of older people from COVID-19 infection. These findings may help health care professionals to identify high-risk groups, facilitate appropriate remedial measures, and control mortality among older people.

scholarly journals Efficacy of preoperative testosterone therapy in hypospadias: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozali Sembiring ◽  
Yacobda Sigumonrong
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reoperation Rate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Meatal Stenosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Bleeding, hematoma, edema, wound infection, and scar formation are the common problems linked with hypospadias reconstruction. Hormone treatment is recommended before surgical treatment to improve intraoperative circumstances. However, no meta-analysis has explored the effectiveness and side effects of testosterone treatment before surgery in hypospadias. Main body of the abstract The purpose of this paperwork is to evaluate the impact of preoperative testosterone treatment in hypospadias based on clinical data from published trials. This study searched MEDLINE, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library without regard to year. However, only English journals were included, with a manual search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Guidelines supplementing the search. In this meta-analysis, five papers were considered. Two of these investigations were multicenter randomized clinical trials. Two of the studies were prospective, with a median follow-up of varying lengths. A retrospective investigation was conducted. There were 585 patients in all that took part in this trial. After surgery, the complication rate was measured in both the intervention and control groups, including meatal stenosis, fistula, glans dehiscence, scarring, reoperation rate, urethral diverticulum, fine pubic hair, and sexual precocity. The only significant difference between the intervention and control groups was that the intervention group had a decreased frequency of glans dehiscence following surgery (OR 0.40 with the 95% CI of 0.17 until 0.97). Conclusions This study discovered that a patient who got testosterone before surgery had a considerably decreased complication risk for glandular dehiscence. Reoperation rate, urethral-cutaneous fistula, meatal stenosis, and penile scarring in children with hypospadias, on the other hand, revealed no significant difference in the testosterone-treated group against the control group.

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