Twin Births In The Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 And 2015 Birth Cohorts 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Santos ◽  
Neiva C. J. Valle ◽  
Mariangela F. Silveira ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Andréa D. Bertoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Maternity Hospitals

Abstract Background: In the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of multiple pregnancies. Our aim was to describe the prevalence and duration of multiple pregnancies and compare first- and second-born twins to each other and to singletons, in terms of unfavorable perinatal outcomes and infant mortality rate (IMR). Methods: The 2004 and 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohorts are population-based studies that enrolled all newborns of mothers living in the urban area of Pelotas, South Brazil. All five maternity hospitals in Pelotas were visited daily by the research team, from January 1st to December 31st in 2004 and 2015. A monitoring system was assembled to detect all deaths of cohort participants in the years 2004, 2005, 2015, and 2016. Twinning rate was described according to maternal characteristics (family income, schooling, age, skin color, and morbidity) and parity. First- and second-born twins were compared to each other and to singletons, according to low birthweight (LBW), 5-minute Apgar <7, admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and IMR:1000 live births (LB). Results: Among 4,187 pregnancies in 2004 and 4,220 in 2015, respectively, 42 (1.0%) and 56 (1.3%) were multiple. Eighty-four twins were born alive in 2004 and 111 in 2015. In the two cohorts, no maternal characteristics were associated with the occurrence of multiple pregnancies. Twin births <34 weeks gestational age more than doubled from 2004 (19.0%) to 2015 (42.1%) (p=0.03). In both cohorts, LBW and admission to the NICU were more frequent in twins than in singletons, with no difference between first- and second-born twins. There was no difference between first-born and second-born twins at the two cohorts nor between twins and single-born infant mortality at the 2004 cohort. Among second-born twins in 2015, the post-neonatal mortality rate was 8 times higher than in singletons (37.7:1,000 LB versus 4.8:1,000 LB), and infant mortality rate (IMR) was 6 times higher (75.4:1,000 LB versus 12.5:1,000 LB). Conclusion: More than one out of 50 births in Pelotas was a twin, generally born prematurely and with a risk six times higher than singletons of dying alongside the first year of life.

scholarly journals Changes in perinatal health in two birth cohorts (1997/1998 and 2010) in São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1437-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽  
Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões ◽  
Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz ◽  
Cecília Cláudia Costa Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Perinatal Health ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Maternal Schooling ◽  
Service Factors

The objective of this study was to analyze changes in perinatal health in two birth cohorts started in 1997/1998 and 2010, respectively, in São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil. A total of 2,493 live born infants were included in 1997/1998 and 5,166 in 2010. Low birth weight (LBW) rate did not change (8.5% in 1997/1998 and 8.6% in 2010). Preterm birth (PTB) rate also remained stable (13.2% in 1997/1998 and 13% in 2010). Teenage deliveries and births to single mothers decreased. Maternal schooling and prenatal care coverage increased. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) decreased from 13.3% to 10.6% (p < 0.001). The perinatal mortality rate decreased from 36.6 to 20.7 per 1,000 (p < 0.001) and the infant mortality rate (IMR) dropped from 28.5 to 12.8 per 1,000 (p < 0.001). The cesarean rate increased from 34.1% to 47.5% (p < 0.001). In conclusion, despite favorable changes in socio-demographic, behavioral, and health service factors and decreasing rates of IUGR and perinatal and infant mortality, LBW and PTB remained stable, while the cesarean rate increased.

scholarly journals Infant mortality: comparison between two birth cohorts from Southeast and Northeast, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdinar S Ribeiro ◽  
Antônio A M Silva ◽  
Marco A Barbieri ◽  
Heloisa Bettiol ◽  
Vânia M F Aragão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Live Births

OBJECTIVE: To obtain population estimates and profile risk factors for infant mortality in two birth cohorts and compare them among cities of different regions in Brazil. METHODS: In Ribeirão Preto, southeast Brazil, infant mortality was determined in a third of hospital live births (2,846 singleton deliveries) in 1994. In São Luís, northeast Brazil, data were obtained using systematic sampling of births stratified by maternity unit (2,443 singleton deliveries) in 1997-1998. Mothers answered standardized questionnaires shortly after delivery and information on infant deaths was retrieved from hospitals, registries and the States Health Secretarys' Office. The relative risk (RR) was estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: In São Luís, the infant mortality rate was 26.6/1,000 live births, the neonatal mortality rate was 18.4/1,000 and the post-neonatal mortality rate was 8.2/1,000, all higher than those observed in Ribeirão Preto (16.9, 10.9 and 6.0 per 1,000, respectively). Adjusted analysis revealed that previous stillbirths (RR=3.67 vs 4.13) and maternal age <18 years (RR=2.62 vs 2.59) were risk factors for infant mortality in the two cities. Inadequate prenatal care (RR=2.00) and male sex (RR=1.79) were risk factors in São Luís only, and a dwelling with 5 or more residents was a protective factor (RR=0.53). In Ribeirão Preto, maternal smoking was associated with infant mortality (RR=2.64). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to socioeconomic inequalities, differences in access to and quality of medical care between cities had an impact on infant mortality rates.

scholarly journals The Challenge of Infant Mortality: Have We Reached a Plateau?

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian F. MacDorman ◽  
T.J. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The U.S

Objectives. Infant mortality is a major indicator of the health of a nation. We analyzed recent patterns and trends in U.S. infant mortality, with an emphasis on two of the greatest challenges: ( 1) persistent racial and ethnic disparities and ( 2) the impact of preterm and low birthweight delivery. Methods. Data from the national linked birth/infant death datasets were used to compute infant mortality rates per 100,000 live births by cause of death (COD), and per 1,000 live births for all other variables. Infant mortality rates and other measures of infant health were analyzed and compared. Leading and preterm-related CODs, and international comparisons of infant mortality rates were also examined. Results. Despite the rapid decline in infant mortality during the 20th century, the U.S. infant mortality rate did not decline from 2000 to 2005, and declined only marginally in 2006. Racial and ethnic disparities in infant mortality have persisted and increased, as have the percentages of preterm and low birthweight deliveries. After decades of improvement, the infant mortality rate for very low birthweight infants remained unchanged from 2000 to 2005. Infant mortality rates from congenital malformations and sudden infant death syndrome declined; however, rates for preterm-related CODs increased. The U.S. international ranking in infant mortality fell from 12th place in 1960 to 30th place in 2005. Conclusions. Infant mortality is a complex and multifactorial problem that has proved resistant to intervention efforts. Continued increases in preterm and low birthweight delivery present major challenges to further improvement in the infant mortality rate.

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Postpartum Mothers to the Success of Breastfeeding in the First 3 Months

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-337
Author(s):  
Indah Yun Diniaty Rosidi ◽  
Mardiana Ahmad ◽  
Veni Hadju
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Intensive Education ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Exclusive breastfeeding plays a major role in reducing the infant mortality rate while the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is still very low due to various factors. This research aimed to determine the effect of the characteristics of puerperal women to the success of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 3 months. The research design was an analytical survey of an explanatory research approach. The sample of the research was postpartum mothers who had babies aged 3 as many as 90 people who were willing to become respondents. The sample was observed by using a checklist of breastfeeding techniques and breastfeeding success. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and the Mann Withney test. The results of the research showed that there was no significant correlation between age (ρ = 0.075), education (ρ = 0.145), occupation (ρ = 0.136), gravida (ρ = 0.530), maternal residence status (ρ = 0.134) and the success of breastfeeding ( ρ> 0.05). So it could be concluded that there was no correlation between maternal characteristics to the breastfeeding success. I is needed to give intensive education to increase the mother's knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Ketidaklancaran Proses Persalinan Normal

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Veronika Uba Petan ◽  
Maria M. Dwi Wahyuni ◽  
Amelya B. Sir
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital District ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Maternity Hospitals

The result of not fluent parturition will cause infection, bleeding, fatigue, anxiety, premature rupture of membranes, fetal injury and asphyxia in infants that can increase maternal and infant mortality. Health Office Data in NTT 2013 showed that the number of maternal deaths in the district Lembata 3 cases out of 3.075 labors. The infant mortality rate as much 67 cases and as much 32 cases of neonatal mortality.The infant mortality rate in the district Lembata is still quite high enough that ranks 6 of 21 districts in NTT Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors associated with disfluencies parturition in a public hospital district Lewoleba-Lembata 2015. This research method is an analytical observation with a cross-sectional survey design by interviewing mothers in maternity hospitals in an obstetrics room of 60 people. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test to determine factors associated with not fluent, then proceed with the contingency coefficient test to determine the relationship variable, if the value of p <0.05. The results showed, there is a significant relationship between maternal age (p=0.002), maternal nutritional status (p=0.034), family support (p=0.047), compliance with antenatal care (p=0.007) with not fluent parturition. Recommended for health care workers to perform program planning relating to the extension to women of childbearing age to prevent risk factors that can cause not fluent parturition.

INFANT DEATH RATE DROPS WHILE RACE GAP WORSENS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-173
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

ATLANTA—The U.S. infant mortality rate dropped to a record low, but black babies died at more than twice the rate of whites, and the gap is growing, health officials reported Thursday. For every 1,000 births in 1990, 9.2 babies died before age 1, down from 9.8 in 1989, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said. It credited most of the drop to a new way of treating the underdeveloped lungs that kill thousands of premature and underweight babies. The rate in 1990, the most recent year for which data are available, propelled the United States up two notches—to 20th place—in UNICEF's ranking of infant mortality in 23 developed countries. Japan has the world's best rate, 5 per 1,000. Despite the new lung treatment, 38,351 babies died in 1990, down from 39,655 in 1989. The District of Columbia had by far the deadliest rate, 20.7. Vermont had the lowest rate, 5.4. The mortality rate for black infants was 18, compared with 7.6 for whites, and the disparity is growing, the CDC said. Low birthweight was the leading killer of black babies, while birth defects claimed more white babies. Vt. is best Infant mortality rates in 1990, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Numbers are per 1,000 live births: • Connecticut, 7.9 • Maine, 6.2 • Massachusetts, 7.0 • New Hampshire, 7.1 • New York, 9.6 • Rhode Island, 8.1 • Vermont, 5.4, the nation's lowest rate • United States, 9.2

scholarly journals Analisis Determinan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Elina Mayasari ◽  
Geraldi Putra Prasetya Balebu ◽  
Latifah Hasanah ◽  
Rizka Wulandari ◽  
Rani Nooraeni
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Average Case

Health is one of the essential needs for human beings, and even became a major issue that indicates achievement of a country or a region. Health can also be viewed from the condition of the infants, which can be measure from Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). This indicator shows a high rate especially because of low birthweight. The cases of low birthweight is one of the highest case that occurred in developing countries, including Indonesia. Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) province in Indonesia, is one of the most common places where this case is most likely to happened. The percentage of the low birthweight case is higher than the average case in Indonesia. Therefore, this research paper aim to investigate variables which are responsible for causing low birthweight case in such a high number in NTT on 2017. The method used for analysis is logistic regression. The result indicate that mother’s education level is significantly affecting low birthweight cases in NTT.

scholarly journals Infant mortality in the Federal District, Brazil: time trend and socioeconomic inequalities

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Alves Monteiro ◽  
Bethsáida de Abreu Soares Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
National Capital

This study examined the trend in the infant mortality rate in the Federal District of Brazil (or Greater Metropolitan Brasilia, the national capital) from 1990 to 2000, analyzing the rate according to 5 administrative areas stratified by mean family income, from 1996 to 2000. An ecological time-series study was conducted using the Information Systems on Live Births and Mortality, produced by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The infant mortality rate (IMR) decreased by 45.2% from 1990 to 2000, from 26.3 per 1000 live births to 14.4, or a mean annual reduction of 5.34% (R² = 0.9397; p < 0.0001). During this period there was a higher proportion of neonatal deaths. However, a higher percentage change occurred in the post-neonatal period (-59.0%, R² = 0.8452, p < 0.0001). Investigation of the IMR in the various areas of the Federal District showed a reduction in differences among the regions with respect to the component rates; however, substantial disparities persisted in relation to the income variable. The results suggest the need for effective interventions in the determinants of neonatal and post-neonatal mortality in order to improve maternal and infant health in all socioeconomic groups in the Federal District.

scholarly journals Infant mortality by color or race from Rondônia, Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gava ◽  
Andrey Moreira Cardoso ◽  
Paulo Cesar Basta
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Black Children ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Live Births

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the quality of records for live births and infant deaths and to estimate the infant mortality rate for skin color or race, in order to explore possible racial inequalities in health. METHODS Descriptive study that analyzed the quality of records of the Live Births Information System and Mortality Information System in Rondônia, Brazilian Amazonian, between 2006-2009. The infant mortality rates were estimated for skin color or race with the direct method and corrected by: (1) proportional distribution of deaths with missing data related to skin color or race; and (2) application of correction factors. We also calculated proportional mortality by causes and age groups. RESULTS The capture of live births and deaths improved in relation to 2006-2007, which required lower correction factors to estimate infant mortality rate. The risk of death of indigenous infant (31.3/1,000 live births) was higher than that noted for the other skin color or race groups, exceeding by 60% the infant mortality rate in Rondônia (19.9/1,000 live births). Black children had the highest neonatal infant mortality rate, while the indigenous had the highest post-neonatal infant mortality rate. Among the indigenous deaths, 15.2% were due to ill-defined causes, while the other groups did not exceed 5.4%. The proportional infant mortality due to infectious and parasitic diseases was higher among indigenous children (12.1%), while among black children it occurred due to external causes (8.7%). CONCLUSIONS Expressive inequalities in infant mortality were noted between skin color or race categories, more unfavorable for indigenous infants. Correction factors proposed in the literature lack to consider differences in underreporting of deaths for skin color or race. The specific correction among the color or race categories would likely result in exacerbation of the observed inequalities.

Perbandingan Linieritas Dalam Pendeteksian Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Angka Kematian Bayi Di Provinsi Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desfira Ahya ◽  
Inas Salsabila ◽  
Miftahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Penalized Spline ◽  
Aceh Province

Angka Kematian Bayi/ Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) merupakan indikator penting dalam mengukur keberhasilan pengembangan kesehatan. Nilai IMR juga dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan ibu, kondisi kesehatan lingkungan dan secara umum, tingkat pengembangan sosio-ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh model IMR terbaik menggunakan tiga pendekatan: Model Linear, Model Linear Tergeneralisir dan Model Aditif Tergeneralisir dengan basis P-spline. Sebagai tambahan, berdasarkan model tersebut akan terlihat variabel yang mempengaruhi tingkat kematian bayi di provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan data jumlah kematian bayi di tahun 2013-2015. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Profil Kesehatan Aceh. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model terbaik dalam menjelaskan angka kematian bayi di provinsi Aceh tahun 2013-2015 ialah Model Linear Tergeneralisir dengan basis P-spline menggunakan parameter penghalusan 100 dan titik knots 8. Faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi angka kematian ialah jumlah pekerja yang sehat.   Infant mortality rate (IMR) is an important indicator in measuring the success of health development. IMR also can be used to knowing the level of maternal health, environmental health conditions and generally the level of socio-economic development in community. This research aims to get the best model of infant mortality data using three approaches: Linear Model, Generalized Linear Model and Generalized Additive Model with Penalized Spline (P-spline) base. In addition, based on the model can be seen the variables that affect to infant mortality in Aceh Province. This research uses data number of infant mortality in Aceh Province period 2013-2015. The data in this research were obtained from Aceh’s Health Profile. The results show that the best model can be explain infant mortality rate in Aceh Province period 2013-2015 is GAM model with P-spline base using smoothing parameter 100 and knots 8. Factor that high effect to infant mortality is number of health workers.

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