Factors that impact acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in different community-dwelling populations in China

Abstract Background It is important to improve vaccination strategies and immunization programs to achieve herd immunity to infectious diseases, particularly in general community-dwelling populations. Methods To assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination, we conducted face-to-face surveys and online surveys in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Qinghai province. A fixed effects model and a random effects model were used to analyze factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Findings The results indicated that 82·6% of participants (77·0% in Shanghai and 87·3% in Zhejiang) were willing to receive vaccination when it was available in the community, and 57·2% of deliverymen, 43·3% of medical workers, 78·2% of parents of primary and secondary school children, and 72·2% of parents of preschool children were willing to receive vaccination. The models showed that participants who were male, 60 to 69 years-old, from rural areas, had less education, had good health status, and had positive attitudes and trust in vaccines approved by National Health Commission were more likely to accept vaccination. Participants also had increased vaccination acceptance if it was recommended by government sources, doctors, relatives, or friends. Most participants learned about COVID-19 vaccination from television, radio, and newspapers, followed by community or hospital campaigns and the internet. Those who did not want to receive vaccination were mainly concerned about safety (288, 59·6%) and efficacy (196, 40·6%). Conclusions Government sources and doctors could increase acceptance of vaccination by promoting the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccination by use of mass media and emphasizing the necessity of vaccination for everyone.

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Factors That Impact Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in Different Community-Dwelling Populations in China

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010091 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Jinhua Pan ◽

Kezhong A ◽

Zhixi Liu ◽

Peng Zhang ◽

Zhiyin Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herd Immunity ◽

Good Health ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Effective Rate ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Face To Face ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Effect Model ◽

Vaccination Acceptance ◽

To Receive

(1) Background: It is important to improve vaccination strategies and immunization programs to achieve herd immunity to infectious diseases. (2) Methods: To assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination, we conducted face-to-face surveys and online surveys in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Qinghai provinces. A fixed-effect model and a random effects model were used to analyze factors associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. (3) Findings: We initially recruited 3173 participants, 3172 participants completed the full questionnaire (the response rate was nearly 100%), of which 2169 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 87.3%. The results indicated that 82.6% of participants were willing to receive vaccination when it was available in the community, and 57.2% of deliverymen, 43.3% of medical workers, 78.2% of parents of primary and secondary school children, and 72.2% of parents of preschool children were willing to receive vaccination. The models showed that participants who were male (female vs. male: OR = 1.49, 95% CI (1.12, 1.98)), 60 to 69 years-old (60–69 vs. <30: OR = 0.52, 95% CI (0.29, 0.92)), had less education (medium vs. low: OR = 1.50, 95% CI (1.05, 2.23)), had good health status (good vs. low: OR = 0.36, 95% CI (0.15, 0.88)), and had positive attitudes and trust (OR = 0.14, 95% CI (0.10, 0.20)) in vaccines approved by the National Health Commission were more likely to accept vaccination. Participants also had an increased vaccination acceptance if it was recommended by government sources, doctors, relatives, or friends. Most participants learned about COVID-19 vaccination from television, radio, and newspapers, followed by community or hospital campaigns and the internet. (4) Conclusions: Government sources and doctors could increase the acceptance of vaccination by promoting the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccination by the use of mass media and emphasizing the necessity of vaccination for everyone.

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Development and feasibility of a modified Fugl-Meyer lower extremity assessment for telerehabilitation: a pilot study

Pilot and Feasibility Studies ◽

10.1186/s40814-021-00862-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sue Peters ◽

Marcela Botero ◽

Allison Evers ◽

Brianna Fong ◽

Botond Jakab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Phase 3 ◽

Face To Face

Abstract Background The majority of stroke survivors experience motor impairment which benefits from rehabilitation treatment. Telerehabilitation, remote delivery of rehabilitation services, is a possible solution providing access to rehabilitation for stroke survivors living in rural areas or in situations like the COVID-19 pandemic where face-to-face treatment may be risky. However, valid and reliable motor impairment measures have not yet been established over a telerehabilitation platform. The Fugl-Meyer (FM) lower extremity assessment is widely used clinically and in research. Thus, the aim was to develop a modified FM for telerehabilitation (FM-tele) and assess the feasibility and preliminary agreement of FM-tele scores with the FM. Methods Three phases were employed: phase 1 development, phase 2 feasibility, and phase 3 preliminary agreement. Literature review and consultation with clinicians were employed to develop the FM-tele. Community-dwelling individuals with stroke and FM evaluators were consulted to provide feedback via questionnaires on the feasibility of the FM-tele. To assess the preliminary agreement of the FM-tele, individuals with stroke participated in two sessions, one in-person and one via telerehabilitation. The standard version of the FM was administered during the in-person session. The FM-tele was administered in both sessions. Results From phase 1, clinician consultation identified the following key principles: safety of the client, clear lower extremity visualization, and minimization of position changes which guided FM-tele development (n = 7). Feasibility was established in phase 2 where participants with stroke indicated that they felt safe and experienced ease following the standardized instructions, despite some technological concerns (n = 5). FM evaluators agreed that participants were safe and indicated effective standardized instructions. Phase 3 (n = 5) indicated preliminary agreement of the FM-tele compared with the FM. Conclusions Participants with stroke and clinical consultation indicated the FM-tele developed for telerehabilitation is feasible. A lower extremity motor assessment tool for telerehabilitation is urgently needed for stroke survivors living in rural areas or when face-to-face visits are impossible. This pilot study provides preliminary support for a future study.

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Beliefs associated with Intentions of Non-Physician Healthcare Workers to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine in Ontario, Canada

10.1101/2021.02.19.21251936 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Desveaux ◽

Rachel Savage ◽

Mina Tadrous ◽

Natasha Kithulegoda ◽

Kelly Thai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herd Immunity ◽

Theoretical Domains Framework ◽

Good Health ◽

Vaccine Safety ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Web Based ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Safety Concerns ◽

Ethnic Subgroups ◽

To Receive

Achieving herd immunity of SARS-CoV-2 through vaccines will require a concerted effort to understand and address barriers to vaccine uptake. We conducted a web-based survey of non-physician HCWs, informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework, measuring intention to vaccinate, beliefs and sources of influence relating to the COVID-19 vaccines, and sociodemographic characteristics. Vaccination non-intent was associated with beliefs that vaccination was not required because of good health, lower confidence that the COVID-19 vaccine would protect their family and patients, and that getting vaccinated was a professional responsibility. Vaccination non-intent was strongly associated with mistrust about how fast the vaccines were developed and vaccine safety concerns. Communication directed at non-physician HCWs should be tailored by ethnic subgroups and settings to increase salience. Messaging should leverage emotions (e.g., pride, hope, fear) to capture interest, while addressing safety concerns and confirming the low risk of side effects in contrast to the substantial morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. Emergent data about reduced transmission post-vaccination will be helpful.

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Population Flow Mechanism Study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from Industrial Space Supply Perspective

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13179949 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 9949

Author(s):

Yuqi Chen ◽

Zongyao Sun ◽

Liangwa Cai

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Urban Agglomeration ◽

Floating Population ◽

Demographic Dividend ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Mechanism Study ◽

Registration System ◽

Regional Population ◽

Important Field

The growing demographic dividend is declining worldwide due to global population shrinkage. However, with the enhancement of spatial connection, industry-oriented population flow is becoming more and more active. The floating demographic dividend will bring new opportunities to regional development. Population flow has become an important field of urban research. We selected the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration as the study area and conducted the study of the interaction relationship between population flow and industry space supply. Considering that it takes time for space supplies to be industrial entities and then to affect population flow, this study built a fixed-effects model with annual space supply and “t + 1” population flow to perform regression analysis. The main findings of the research can be concluded as below. The regional population flow was mainly rural population and floated mainly to rural areas. It is difficult to complete the urbanization of floating population through land urbanization due to China’s household registration system. The population flow is sensitive to industry space supply and its spatial development conditions. As the study area is an important global urban agglomeration and China’s political, economic, and cultural center, its regional population flow is representative and typical. Guiding its population flow to form a coordinated spatial and social network can provide scientific support for regional industry space supply and allocation, and can provide a reference for the development of other urban agglomerations.

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Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Widya Wiwaha Program Magister Manajemen ◽

10.32477/jrm.v4i1.191 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 58-70

Author(s):

Nur Widiastuti

Keyword(s):

Monetary Policy ◽

Interest Rate ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Least Square ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

State Data ◽

Ordinary Least Square ◽

The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis about the Effect of Bisphosphonates on the Risk of Skeletal-Related Event in Men with Prostate Cancer

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520620666200521114815 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 1604-1612

Author(s):

Congcong Wu ◽

Hua Jiang ◽

Jianghua Chen

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Related Event ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Skeletal Related Event

Background: Although the adjuvant therapy of bisphosphonates in prostate cancer is effective in improving bone mineral density, it is still uncertain whether bisphosphonates could decrease the risk of Skeletal- Related Event (SRE) in patients with prostate cancer. We reviewed and analyzed the effect of different types of bisphosphonates on the risk of SRE, defined as pathological fracture, spinal cord compression, radiation therapy to the bone, surgery to bone, hypercalcemia, bone pain, or death as a result of prostate cancer. Methods: A systemic literature search was conducted on PubMed and related bibliographies. The emphasis during data extraction was laid on the Hazard Ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) from every eligible Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). HR was pooled with the fixed effects model, and preplanned subgroup analyses were performed. Results: 5 RCTs (n = 4651) were included and analyzed finally after screening 51 articles. The meta-analysis of all participants showed no significant decrease in the risk of SRE when adding bisphosphonates to control group (HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679). There was no significant improvement on SRE neither in the subgroups with Metastases (M1) or Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (CSPC) (respectively HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679; HR = 0.954, 95% CI = 0.837 - 1.088, p = 0.484, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 3) p = 0.534). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that bisphosphonates could not statistically significantly reduce the risk of SRE in patients with prostate cancer, neither in the subgroups with M1 or CSPC.

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Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7150

Author(s):

Silvia Cerisola ◽

Elisa Panzera

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Local Context ◽

Creative Economy ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Creative Cities ◽

Economic Output ◽

Innovative Methodology ◽

Holistic Conception ◽

Panel Fixed Effects ◽

The Impact

Following the hype that has been given to culture and creativity as triggers and enhancers of local economic performance in the last 20 years, this work originally contributes to the literature with the objective of assessing the impact of cultural and creative cities (CCCs) on the economic output of their regions. In this sense, the cultural and creative character of cities is considered a strategic strength and opportunity that can spillover, favoring the economic system of the entire regions in which the cities are located. Through an innovative methodology that exploits a regional production function estimated by a panel fixed effects model, the effect of cities’ cultural vibrancy and creative economy on the output of their regions is econometrically explored. The data source is the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) provided by the JRC, which also allows the investigation of the possible role played by the enabling environment in catalyzing the action of cultural vibrancy and creative economy. The results are thoroughly examined: especially through cultural vibrancy, CCCs strategically support the output of their region. This is particularly the case when local context conditions—such as human capital and education, openness, tolerance and trust, and quality of governance—catalyze their effect. Overall, CCCs contribute to feeding a long-term self-supporting system, interpreted according to a holistic conception that includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental domains.

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Statin use and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139172 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. postgradmedj-2020-139172

Author(s):

Rimesh Pal ◽

Mainak Banerjee ◽

Urmila Yadav ◽

Sukrita Bhattacharjee

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Risk Estimates ◽

Statin Use

PurposeObservations studies have shown that prior use of statins is associated with a reduced risk of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. However, the available data are limited, inconsistent and conflicting. Besides, no randomised controlled trial exists in this regard. Hence, the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide an updated summary and collate the effect of statin use on clinical outcomes in COVID-19 using unadjusted and adjusted risk estimates.MethodsPubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were systematically searched using appropriate keywords till December 18 2020, to identify observational studies reporting clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients using statins versus those not using statins. Prior and in-hospital use of statins were considered. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Unadjusted and adjusted pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsWe included 14 observational studies pooling data retrieved from 19 988 patients with COVID-19. All the studies were of high/moderate quality. Pooled analysis of unadjusted data showed that statin use was not associated with improved clinical outcomes (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.50, p=0.94, I2=94%, random-effects model). However, on pooling adjusted risk estimates, the use of statin was found to significantly reduce the risk of adverse outcomes (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.63, p<0.0005, I2=0%, fixed-effects model).ConclusionsStatin use is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Individuals with multiple comorbidities on statin therapy should be encouraged to continue the drug amid the ongoing pandemic.

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PARE0023 ORAL HEALTH IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: LISTENING TO PATIENTS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.612 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1297.2-1297

Author(s):

J. Protudjer ◽

C. Billedeau ◽

C. Stavropoulou ◽

A. Cholakis ◽

R. Schroth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Oral Health ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Oral Care ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Face To Face ◽

Oral Health Education ◽

To Receive ◽

Latent Content

Background:Rates of periodontal disease and tooth loss are increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Periodontal disease may exacerbate RA inflammation and complicate RA care. Understanding factors that contribute to the increased burden of periodontal disease in RA is critical to improving oral health and possibly arthritis outcomes. People with RA may have unique needs and/or barriers to maintain oral health.Objectives:To determine from people with RA what are their experiences and perceptions about their oral health, their most important questions relating to oral health, and how they wish to receive oral health information.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with RA patients. Recorded interview transcripts underwent iterative content analysis. Transcripts were initially reviewed to develop a coding guide. Latent content, or larger themes, were then applied to the transcripts. Constructs were considered saturated when no new themes were identified with subsequent interviews. We report identified themes with representative quotes.Results:Interviews with 11 RA (10[91%] female; all on RA medication) averaged 19 minutes (range 8-31 minutes) and were mostly conducted face-to-face. Many believed RA medication contributed to dry mouth. Most participants had not previously considered other links between oral health and RA. Themes identified included the need for complicated oral health routines, barriers of cost and access to dental care, and shame relating to oral health (Table 1). Participants preferred to receive oral health education from their rheumatologists or dentists over printed or online resources.Conclusion:RA patients have unique needs relating to oral health and report poor oral quality of life. Strategies to optimize oral health in RA may include educational tools for optimizing oral self-care appropriate for RA, and improved access to oral care professionals who are aware of the needs of arthritis patients.Disclosure of Interests:Jennifer Protudjer: None declared, Corrie Billedeau: None declared, Chrysi Stavropoulou: None declared, Anastasia Cholakis: None declared, Robert Schroth: None declared, Carol Hitchon Grant/research support from: UCB Canada; Pfizer Canada

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Are the Self-Employed Mentally Healthier Than Salaried Workers? Evidence From Korea, Mexico, and the United States

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 40-41

Author(s):

Hankyung Jun

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽

The United States ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Reverse Causality ◽

Positive Health ◽

Self Employment ◽

Salaried Workers ◽

The U.S

Abstract Self-employed workers are often reported to have better health than salaried workers. Whether this is because self-employment has health benefits or healthier workers are self-employed is not clear. Self-employed workers may have higher job satisfaction due to higher levels of self-efficacy and autonomy, but may also experience higher job stress, uncertainty, and lack of health insurance leading to mental health problems. Self-employed workers in the U.S. may have different characteristics than those in Mexico and Korea given different working and living environments as well as different institutional arrangements. This study will examine the association between self-employment and mental and cognitive health for older adults in the U.S., Mexico, and South Korea. It uses harmonized panel data from the Health and Retirement Study, the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, and the Mexican Health and Aging Study. We compare the health and selection effect of self-employment using a pooled logistic model, fixed-effects model, and a bivariate probit model. In addition to comparing self-employed and salaried workers, we analyze differences between self-employed with and without employees. By using rich data and various models, we address reverse causality and estimate the relationship between self-employment and health. We show that the positive health effects of self-employed workers in the U.S. disappear once controlled for unobserved heterogeneity, indicating the possibility of healthier workers selecting into self-employment. Interestingly, for Korea and Mexico, healthier individuals seem to select into wage work which reflects the difference in working conditions across countries. Further analysis will show effects by business size.

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