scholarly journals Prevalence, molecular characterization and anti-microbial resistance pattern of Staphylococcus species isolates from buck semen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gururaj Kumaresan ◽  
Chetna Gangwar ◽  
Anil Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Suresh Dinkar Kharche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens, and a causative agent of a variety of infections in humans and animals. A total of 48 semen samples were collected from healthy bucks of different breeds to investigate the prevalence of S. aureus . Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of the Staphylococcus isolates were determined to assess the adverse effects of them on buck fertility. The bacterial isolates were tentatively confirmed as Staphylococcus spp. based on the Gram’s staining, growth on Mannitol salt agar and catalase test. Overall, 75% (n = 36) of the samples were positive for Staphylococcus spp. from the total 48 buck semen ejaculates from different breeds. Out of 36 staphylococcal isolates, 23 (47.92%) were coagulase negative (CoNS) and 13 (27.08%) were coagulase positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) based on the slide coagulase test. In the current study, on the basis of molecular characterization, we identified S. aureus , S. chromogenes, S. haemolyticus, S. sciuri, S. simulans and S. epidermidis amongst the staphylococcal isolates in the buck semen. This study revealed a high prevalence of Staphylococcus species in semen of the healthy bucks. The isolates exhibited varying degrees of multidrug resistance genotypically as well as phenotypically. The presence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes may pose a potential threat to reproductive health of animals, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring of these isolates at the time of semen cryopreservation.

scholarly journals Aerobic Bacteriological and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Pus Isolates from A Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1961-1966
Author(s):  
A. Deboral ◽  
Namrata K. Bhosale ◽  
S. Umadevi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative

The antibiotic resistance pattern was observed significantly in various geographical locations. Routine surveillance is therefore essential for constant monitoring of AMR rates in the clinically important pathogens. It is imperative to track the changing resistance pattern over time, to guide proper therapeutic strategies to combat infections due to drug-resistant pathogens. This study aims to highlights the distribution of aerobic bacterial isolated from pus samples, and their susceptibility to different antibiotics collected during 2017 (July to December) in a tertiary care hospital. Nearly 637 clinical pus samples were received during July to December 2017 to the Department of Microbiology, Tertiary care hospital, Puducherry. Bacterial identification was performed using standard conventional biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility was carried out according to CLSI guidelines 2017 on each one of the aerobic bacterial isolates from the pus samples. Among the isolates 76.5% were Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) as well as 23.5% were Gram-positive cocci (GPC). The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas spp 24.88% (108 in 434), followed by Escherichia coli 21.66% (94 in 434), Staphylococcus aureus 19.82% (86 in 434) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 13.13% (57 in 434). Of the 86 (19.82%) Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 16 (18.40%) were MRSA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly susceptible to the carbapenems and least susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most resistant organism according to this study and showed the least susceptibility to ceftriaxone and maximum susceptibility to aminoglycosides. This study concluded that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate was found to be a predominant in our clinical pus samples. Gram negative bacteria are more commonly associated with the pyogenic lesion that Gram positive. A high level of an antibiotic resistance was observed in most of our bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Aerobic Bacterial Isolates and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Pus Samples at Tertiary Healthcare Center of Northern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Aditya Rana ◽  
Veehteeanveshna Gupta ◽  
Subhash Chand Jaryal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

Introduction: Emerging resistance in microorganisms is a matter of great concern in health care setups. Bacterial isolate and AMR pattern changes from place to place and time to time. Unprofessional use of antibiotics has resulted in an increasing burden of antibiotic resistance. This study focused over the aerobic bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance pattern in pus isolates. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from June, 2020 to May 2021. 1174 pus samples collected during the study period were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37°C for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identified by biochemical reactions, gram staining and antibiotic susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Result: Among the total 1174 pus samples, 712 (60.6%) were male and 462 (39.3%) were females. 857(72.9%) samples showed positive results. Among them, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Klebsiella spp. The sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus was highest with Vancomycin and Linezolid, whereas Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas were sensitive with Piperacillin tazobactam. Conclusion: Increasing resistance always poses a challenge in treating infections. The development of resistant strains of pathogens can be limited by the judicious use of antibiotics. This study shows the infecting bacterial isolates and their antibiogram from this area. Keywords: Pus, antimicrobial resistance, bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of enterotoxin genes (SEA to SEE) and antibacterial resistant pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in Assiut city of Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Baz ◽  
Elsayed K. Bakhiet ◽  
Usama Abdul-Raouf ◽  
Ahmed Abdelkhalek
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Enterotoxin Genes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background Infections in communities and hospitals are mostly caused by Staphylococcus aureus strains. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of five genes (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and SEE) encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins in S. aureus isolates from various clinical specimens, as well as to assess the relationship of these isolates with antibiotic susceptibility. Traditional PCR was used to detect enterotoxin genes, and the ability of isolates expressing these genes was determined using Q.RT-PCR. Results Overall; 61.3% (n = 46) of the samples were positive for S. aureus out of 75 clinical specimens, including urine, abscess, wounds, and nasal swabs. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance showed S. aureus isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin (100%), Cefuroxime (94%), Ceftriaxone (89%), Ciprofloxacin (87%), Erythromycin and Ceftaxime (85%), Cephalexin and Clarithromycin (83%), Cefaclor (81%), Gentamicin (74%), Ofloxacin (72%), Chloramphenicol(59%), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (54%), while all isolates sensitive to Imipinem (100%). By employing specific PCR, about 39.1% of isolates were harbored enterotoxin genes, enterotoxin A was the most predominant toxin in 32.6% of isolates, enterotoxin B with 4.3% of isolates and enterotoxin A and B were detected jointly in 2.1% of isolates, while enterotoxin C, D and E weren’t detected in any isolate. Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of S. aureus among clinical specimens. The isolates were also multidrug resistant to several tested antibiotics. Enterotoxin A was the most prevalent gene among isolates. The presence of antibiotic resistance and enterotoxin genes may facilitate the spread of S. aureus strains and pose a potential threat to public health.

scholarly journals Molecular characteristics and virulence gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Hainan, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehan Li ◽  
Kai Xu ◽  
Chenglin Li ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Yirong Li
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Spa Typing ◽  
Gene Profiles ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background: There have been no reports regarding the molecular characteristics, virulence features, and antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from Hainan, the southernmost province of China. Methods: 227 S. aureus isolates, consisting of 76 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 151 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), were collected in 2013-2014 and 2018-2019 in Hainan, and investigated for their molecular characteristics, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance profiles. Results: Thirty-four sequence types (STs) and 79 spa types were identified based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing, respectively. ST398 (14.1%, 32/227) was found to be the most prevalent, and moreover, the prevalence of ST398-MSSA increased significantly from 2013-2014 (5.5%, 5/91) to 2018-2019 (18.4%, 25/136). Seventy-six MRSA isolates were subject to staphylococcus chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) typing. SCCmec-IVa was the predominant SCCmec type, and specifically ST45-SCCmec IVa, an infrequent type in mainland China, was predominant in S. aureus from Hainan. Eleven virulence genes, including the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) and eta, were determined, and the positive rates of eta and pvl were found to be 57.3% and 47.6%. Such high prevalence has never been seen in mainland China before.

Prevalence, molecular characterization, virulotyping, and antibiotic resistance of motile aeromonads isolated from Nile tilapia farms at northern Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Salem ◽  
Eman Zahran ◽  
Rawia Saad ◽  
Viola Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Mar Index

Objective: This study was aimed to survey Aeromonas spp associated with cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) showing signs of motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) at different fish farms; molecular characterization and identification of test isolates; and to test the isolates for their antimicrobial and virulence activities that contribute to its pathogenesis. Design: Observational study Animals: 280 Nile tilapia Procedures: Clinically diseased 280 Nile tilapia, were collected from different localities at Kafr El-Sheik and Dakahlia governorates. The clinical picture and gross lesions were recorded. Aeromonas spp were isolated and presumptively identified using API20E. The identification was confirmed using PCR. Hemolysin (hylA), lipase, and aerolysin (aerA) virulence genes were detected among isolates obtained from different sampling sites. Besides, antimicrobial activity was reported for the identified A. hydrophila. Results: General septicemic signs were evident on Nile tilapia including, skin hemorrhages and ulcerations, bilateral exophthalmia, congested internal organs with significant mortalities. The prevalence of bacterial infection among naturally diseased Nile tilapia was 79.17, 70, and 58.33 in Kafr El-Sheikh, El- Manzala, and Gamsa fish farms, respectively. The most prevalent bacterial isolates were aeromonads (29.84 %), of all, 65.63 A. hydrophila, 18.75 A. caviae, and 15.63 A. sobria. All isolates were positively amplified using a species-specifying primer to determine A. hydrophila. Virulence genes detection revealed that five A. hydrophila isolates (83.3 %) harbored the aerA gene. Meanwhile, hylA and lipase genes positive isolates were lower reaching 16.7 % for both genes. A. hydrophila was highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol, and MAR index of A. hydrophila isolates was ranged from 0.16-0.42 Conclusion and clinical relevance: Our findings demonstrate that Aeromonas spp are among the bacterial pathogens implicated in summer mortalities in tilapia fish farms in Egypt. Besides, determination of the prevalence, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance pattern associated with the disease outbreaks is critical data that warrant the development of strategies to proper monitoring and farm management practices.

The Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Intensive Care Unit Patient Samples in a University Affiliated Hospital in Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1778-1783
Author(s):  
Andreea-Loredana Golli ◽  
Floarea Mimi Nitu ◽  
Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Marina Alina Lungu ◽  
Cristiana Cerasella Dragomirescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens involved in infections of the patients aged between 18-64 years, admitted in a ICU from a 1518-bed university-affiliated hospital. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 351 patients aged between 18-64 years admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. In this study there were analysed 469 samples from 351 patients (18-64 years). A total of 566 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 120 strains of Klebsiella spp. (35.39%%), followed by Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli, other than Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter (NFB) (75- 22.12%), Acinetobacter spp. (53 - 15.63%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus (51 - 15.04%), and Escherichia coli (49 - 14.45%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (394 isolates � 69.61%). High rates of MDR were found for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (64.70%), MRSA (62.65%) and Klebsiella spp. (53.33%), while almost all of the isolated NFB strains were MDR (97.33%). There was statistic difference between the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella and E. coli strains to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone (p[0.001), cefuroxime (p[0.01) and to cefepime (p[0.01). The study revealed an alarming pattern of antibiotic resistance in the majority of ICU isolates.

Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Isolated Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran

Gene Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101195
Author(s):  
Hossein Masoumi-Asl ◽  
Fatemah Sadeghpour Heravi ◽  
Ali Badamchi ◽  
Khadijeh Khanaliha ◽  
Marziye Farsimadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern

scholarly journals Molecular characteristics and virulence gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Hainan, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehan Li ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Kai Xu ◽  
Chenglin Li ◽  
Yirong Li
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein A

Abstract Background There have been no reports regarding the molecular characteristics, virulence features, and antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from Hainan, the southernmost province of China. Methods Two hundred twenty-seven S. aureus isolates, consisting of 76 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 151 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), were collected in 2013–2014 and 2018–2019 in Hainan, and investigated for their molecular characteristics, virulence genes, antibiotic resistance profiles and main antibiotic resistance genes. Results Forty sequence types (STs) including three new STs (ST5489, ST5492 and ST5493), and 79 Staphylococcal protein A (spa) types were identified based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing, respectively. ST398 (14.1%, 32/227) was found to be the most prevalent, and the prevalence of ST398-MSSA increased significantly from 2013 to 2014 (5.5%, 5/91) to 2018–2019 (18.4%, 25/136). Seventy-six MRSA isolates were subject to staphylococcus chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) typing. SCCmec-IVa was the predominant SCCmec type, and specifically, ST45-SCCmec IVa, an infrequent type in mainland China, was predominant in S. aureus from Hainan. The antibiotic resistance profiles and antibiotic resistance genes of S. aureus show distinctive features in Hainan. The resistant rates of the MRSA isolates to a variety of antibiotics were significantly higher than those of the MSSA isolates. The predominant erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes were ermC (90.1%, 100/111) and tetK (91.8%, 78/85), respectively. Eleven virulence genes, including the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) and eta, were determined, and the frequency of eta and pvl were found to be 57.3 and 47.6%. Such high prevalence has never been seen in mainland China before. Conclusion S. aureus isolates in Hainan have unique molecular characteristics, virulence gene and antibiotic resistance profiles, and main antibiotic resistance genes which may be associated with the special geographical location of Hainan and local trends in antibiotic use.

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