scholarly journals Behavior of the Community’s Older Adults During 12 Months of COVID-19 Social Restriction.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Tavares Vieira ◽  
Jaqueline Mello Porto ◽  
Gabriela Martins Scudilio ◽  
Bárbara Soares Molina ◽  
Luana Letícia Capato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Telephone Contact ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Restriction ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Short Time

Abstract BACKGROUND: In a short time, COVID-19 adopted the proportions of a pandemic. Consequently, measures as social distancing were adopted to try to slow down the spread of the disease. The objective of this study was to understand the behavior of the Brazilian older adults during a period of social restriction by Covid-19.METHODS: 61 healthy older adults participated in this study. A questionnaire was applied over 12 months from the beginning of the social restriction recommendations using only telephone contact. The questionnaire included the profile of falls during the evaluation period and 4 questions based on fear and risk of infection by Covid-19, the practice of physical activity and compliance with measures of social restriction. The chi-square test (X2) was used to observe the possible associations between the independent and dependent variables.RESULTS: Most participants were female (90.2%), with mean age of 67 years and secondary education level. 78.7% adopted social restriction measures in the first month while in the last six months 54.1% of the participants complied with restrictive measures. The analysis of the chi-square test showed significant association between the evaluation period and social restriction [X2 (2) = 22.072; p = 0.000] and the risk of being infected [X2 (2) = 17.561; p = 0.000].CONCLUSION: There was a reduction in the number of older adults who complied with social restriction over time and a decrease in the practice of physical exercises in the sample evaluated.

Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

scholarly journals Orthostatic Hypotension and Falls in Hospitalized Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382098668
Author(s):  
Kathleen Schell ◽  
Denise Lyons ◽  
Barry Bodt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension (OH) among a convenience sample of older adults on two Acute Care of the Elderly (ACE) units of the ChristianaCare™ in Delaware. Another aim was to determine if subjects with documented OH experienced falls. Retrospective de-identified data was obtained from electronic medical records for the years 2015 to 2018. Among all patients who had valid first orthostatic vital sign (OVS) readings ( n = 7,745), 39.2% had orthostatic hypotension on the first reading. Among the patients, 42.8% were found to be hypotensive during OVS. Thirty-one (0.9%) of those with OH fell at some point during their stay. The odds ratio for falls in the presence of OH was 1.34 with a 95% confidence interval (0.82, 2.21), but a chi-square test failed to find significance ( p = .2494). The results could not determine if OVS should be mandatory in fall prevention protocols.

scholarly journals Vulnerabilidade social e a cárie dentária na primeira infância

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550-1562
Author(s):  
Amanda Albuquerque Diniz ◽  
Isabelle Monteiro Da Silva Lima ◽  
Karyne Barreto Gonçalves Marques ◽  
Luiz Carlos Costa Madeira Alves ◽  
Ingrid Cordeiro Monte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da cárie em crianças na primeira infância sob vulnerabilidade social. Métodos: Pesquisa do tipo transversal realizada no Instituto da Primeira Infância - Iprede, com crianças sob vulnerabilidade social em Fortaleza, Ceará. A coleta de dados foi realizada, em dezembro de 2018 a abril de 2019, com 363 crianças aleatoriamente, por meio de exame bucal e questionário. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e do teste qui-quadrado para variáveis categóricas. Resultados: Observou-se uma prevalência de cárie de 35,6%, e que de 1 a 4 lesões representavam a maior porcentagem (23,7%). Elevado percentual de crianças nunca foi ao dentista (81,3%); semelhante percentual nunca sentiu dor de dente (82,3%). Conclusão: Apesar da vulnerabilidade social, a prevalência de cárie foi baixa, e sugere-se realização de ações para minimizar os efeitos da doença na qualidade de vida e desenvolvimento infantil.   Objective: To estimate the prevalence of caries in children in early childhood under social vulnerability. Methods: Cross-sectional research conducted at the Instituto da Primeira Infância - Iprede, with children under social vulnerability in Fortaleza, Ceará. Data collection was carried out, from December 2018 to April 2019, with 363 children randomly, through oral examination and questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: There was a prevalence of caries of 35,6%, with 1 to 4 caries representing the highest percentage (23,7%). A high percentage of children never went to the dentist (81,3%); a similar percentage never experienced toothache (82,3%). Conclusion: Despite the social vulnerability, the prevalence of caries was low, and actions to minimize the effects of the disease on quality of life and child development are suggested.

scholarly journals University Students’ Preferences about Savings and Investments at Individual and National level in the 21st Century: The Case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-502
Author(s):  
Aynur Yumurtaci ◽  
Bilal Bagis
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Investment Choice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Real Estate Investments ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Turkish Youth

AbstractThis paper aims to capture the favored both national and individual saving and investment perceptions of the Turkish youth. Also, the research contributes to the understanding of the common preferences of the youth and focuses on perceptions over their home country’s saving-investment decisions. We reason, it is important to evaluate views of the youth on national savings and investments as they will be both the decision-makers determining the economic and social policies of the near future and the ones that are directly impacted by these policies implemented today. For this purpose, a questionnaire is applied to randomly selected 550 university students in Turkey and the results are analyzed by the chi-square test. Accordingly, students have mostly preferred that investments should be primarily made to the education sector at national level while investment made for the social security system is placed on the last rank. In addition, education is the most important individual investment choice of participants. On the other hand, information technologies, energy, and agriculture are identified as the most significant investment areas, which could be potentially increased the global competitiveness of their home country. Another important outcome of this research is that students prefer to invest their individual savings in gold and real estate investments, respectively.

scholarly journals Sero-Surveillance of Brucellosis in Cattle of Chitwan District, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Sabita Subedi ◽  
Meera Prajapati ◽  
Bhojan Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Social Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control

A cross sectional study was conducted in Eastern and Western parts of Chitwan district from November 2015 to April, 2016  in two parts, the social study followed by biological to determine and compare the prevalence, distribution of antibodies, and level of awareness of farmers  against Brucella abortus in cattle of the two regions of same district. Altogether blood samples of 92 cattle were taken for detection of Brucella antibodies by using RBPT test and the positive samples were further retested by Indirect ELISA test through ID Vet iELISA kit 2016. The samples which showed positive on both tests were confirmed as seropositive. Chi -square test and Fisher Exact test was used to find out the association between various variables. The result showed that 14.13% (13/92) and 10.86% (10/92) sample were positive by RBPT and iELISA test respectively. There was no significant prevalence differences (p>0.05) on location, age group, breed type, and method of service (artificial and natural) used in cattle. Comparing abortion with prevalence of Brucellosis, there was significant differences (p<0.05) in the result of both RBPT and iELISA test. Inferring from this result, there is association between the abortion and occurrence of Brucellosis. The higher significant prevalence differences (p<0.01) was according to the time of abortion where higher seropositivity was obtained in the cattle aborted on 5-7th month of pregnancy and cattle of 3rd parity. The study showed the existence of Brucellosis in Chitwan district with no adoption of any preventive measures against this disease, so here is current need of the strategies for its prevention and control in order to mitigate such overwhelming situation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 365-371

scholarly journals Emotional well-being and social support in social housing neighbourhoods in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 3209-3218
Author(s):  
Jinhua Liu ◽  
Hongsheng Chen ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Zhigang Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Social Associations

Objective This study investigated the effect of the number of close friends (within and outside of social housing neighbourhoods) on the emotional well-being of men and women in social housing neighbourhoods in China. Methods Data (n = 535) were collected in 13 social housing neighbourhoods in Guangzhou from September to December 2013 using the random sample method. The t-test, chi-square test, and linear regression analysis were used to analyse the factors influencing residents’ emotional well-being. Results Having a greater number of close friends living within the social housing neighbourhood had a significantly positive association with the respondents’ emotional well-being (regression coefficient = 0.473). The number of close friends living in nearby neighbourhoods was only positively related to women’s emotional well-being (coefficient = 0.433). Conclusions These results highlight the importance of friendship for residents’ emotional well-being. Especially for women, friendship outside the social housing neighbourhood is essential for good mental health. This conclusion is based on analysis of cross-sectional data, and reflects the directionality of social associations. The mental health of the poor warrants greater attention in China.

scholarly journals Analysis of socioeconomic factors in the participation of parents in the Ecuadorian educational context

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Morayma Jimena Bustos Yépez ◽  
Lourdes Elizabeth Navas Franco ◽  
Fernando Sebastián Vega Buenaño
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
School Life ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
R Project ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction. The family is the axis on which the social structure develops, and that is why exploring how they participate in the school life of children becomes, over the years, something of importance. It is necessary to know how participation develops from some of the variables that can influence it. Objetive. Contrast whether the participation of parents in school activities has something to do with schooling, occupation, gender, marital status, age of parents, region, sector, and type of support of the school in which their children study. Methodology. For this, field research of cross-sectional type, of descriptive scope, was carried out, to check the levels of relationship, among the variables of this study. Chi-square test was used with the statistical software R Project. Results. As main results, it was found that the variables schooling (2.255e-12), occupation (9.578e-13), gender (6.43e-15), marital status (0.04333), sector (0.0006822) and type of school support (0.0001065) are related to the levels of parental participation, while the age of the parents (0.2975), and the region (0.6784) do not have significant levels of relationship. Conclusions. It is concluded in the study that the level of participation of parents in the Ecuadorian educational context is high; the variables that are related in a positive or negative way must be taken into consideration to improve the school processes that need this collaboration.

scholarly journals Clinical and environmental factors are not associated with establishment of pre-hospital intravenous access.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Rasmus Lyngby
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Triage Category ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
The Impact

Background: Establishing intravenous (IV) access is part of the paramedic scope of practice and in critically ill patients the procedure is essential to administer fluids and/or drugs. However, in the unique pre-hospital setting clinical and environmental factors may challenge the procedure. Previous studies have investigated IV procedure time and overall success-rates with little or no attention to the impact of challenging factors. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and environmental factors associated with the first attempt of IV access establishment. Methods: Data containing information on IV procedure characteristics, patient condition and environmental factors were obtained by paramedics operating in the Capital Region of Denmark. Data was collected during three non-consecutive months in 2017 and 2018. Data was exported to IBM’s Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for analysis. A chi-square test for independence (with Yates’ Continuity Correction for 2x2 tables and likelihood ratio for expected count violations) was applied to test for association between first attempt of IV access establishment, patient condition and environmental factors. Results: A total of 259 datasets were available. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between first attempt of IV access establishment and assessed level of difficulty (p=0.00). No significant association was found between first attempt of IV access establishment and presence of radial pulse (p=0.21), patient triage category (p=0.35), size of catheter (p=0.80), site of catheter insertion (p=0.11), light conditions (p=0.26) and procedure location (p=0.31). Conclusion: This study concludes that first-attempt IV access establishment was significantly associated with assessed level of difficulty, and non-significantly associated with the investigated clinical end environmental factors. Based on the findings, paramedics should reconsider IV access for patients where the procedure is considered difficult, and consider other available administration options. On the contrary, paramedics should not refrain from attempting IV access establishment based on present clinical and environmental factors thought to challenge the procedure.

scholarly journals Gender, Educational Qualification and Ethnicity Differences in Personal Financial Management Practices among Generation Y in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rudy Ansar ◽  
Rudy Ansar ◽  
Mohd Rahimie Abd Karim ◽  
Zaiton Osman ◽  
Muhamad Shameer Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Educational Qualification ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Ethnicity Differences

This paper examines gender, educational qualification, and ethnicity differences in personal financial management practices among Generation Y in Malaysia. The issue of this study concerns the number of young generation identified as Generation Y, who has been declared bankruptcy keep on increasing year-to-year. Therefore, this study focuses on Generation Y, who was born from 1981 to 2001 and included respondents from all the states of Malaysia. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0 (SPSS 25.0) was used to analyse a total of 119 valid questionnaires collected using the Chi-Square test. The findings displayed that only ethnicity differences in personal financial management practices among Generation Y in Malaysia were found. The results of the study can be used as guidelines by the Malaysian government agencies and policymakers. They can also enhance their knowledge regarding financial needs and education to improve peoples’ personal financial management practices as well as being an alternative in finding the solution to control the bankruptcy problem among members of Generation Y in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde por idosos segundo microrregionais de saúde [Health services access and use by older adults, by health micro-regions] [Acceso y uso de servicios de salud por adultos mayores, según microrregiones de salud]

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. e51838
Author(s):  
Thaislane Milene Oliveira ◽  
Pollyana Cristina dos Santos Ferreira ◽  
Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira ◽  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Dental Appointment

Objetivo: descrever e comparar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas dos idosos, e o acesso e a utilização dos serviços de saúde, segundo três microrregionais de saúde de Minas Gerais. Método: inquérito domiciliar transversal realizado com 1.635 idosos residentes nas Microrregionais de Saúde do Triângulo Sul, em Minas Gerais. Procederam-se às análises descritivas e teste qui-quadrado (p<0,05). Resultados: na comparação entre os grupos obteve-se diferença significativa em relação à faixa etária (p<0,001), número de morbidades (p<0,001), uso contínuo de medicamentos (p<0,001) e não realizar consulta com dentista no último ano (p=0,005). Conclusão: as políticas públicas devem considerar os fatores sociodemográficos e as condições clínicas dos idosos, mediante o contexto da territorialização e regionalização em saúde, para proposição de estratégias de ação que favoreçam o acesso e uso dos serviços por essa população.ABSTRACTObjective: to describe and compare the older adults’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and their access to, and use of, health services, by three health micro-regions in Minas Gerais. Method: this cross-sectional household survey interviewed 1,635 older adults living in the Health Micro-regions of the Southern Triangle of Minas Gerais. Descriptive analyses and chi-square test were performed (p < 0.05). Results: comparisons among the groups revealed significant differences by age group (p < 0.001), number of morbidities (p < 0.001), continuous medication use (p < 0.001) and no dental appointment in the prior year (p = 0.005). Conclusion: in the context of health care territorialization and regionalization, public policies should consider older adults’ sociodemographic characteristics and clinical conditions, in order to propose action strategies to favor service access and use by this population.RESUMENObjetivo: describir y comparar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los adultos mayores y su acceso y uso de los servicios de salud por parte de tres microrregiones de salud en Minas Gerais. Método: esta encuesta de hogares de corte transversal entrevistó a 1.635 adultos mayores residentes en las Microrregiones de Salud del Triángulo Sur de Minas Gerais. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y prueba de chi-cuadrado (p <0.05). Resultados: las comparaciones entre los grupos revelaron diferencias significativas por grupo de edad (p <0,001), número de morbilidades (p <0,001), uso continuo de medicación (p <0,001) y ausencia de consulta dental en el año anterior (p = 0,005). Conclusión: en el contexto de territorialización y regionalización asistencial, las políticas públicas deben considerar las características sociodemográficas y las condiciones clínicas de los adultos mayores, con el fin de proponer estrategias de acción que favorezcan el acceso y uso de los servicios por parte de esta población.

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