The Influence of 1-Triacontanol on the Growth, Flowering, and Quality of PottedBougainvilleaPlants (Bougainvillea glabravar. “Elizabeth Angus”) under Natural Conditions

Selected physiological and biochemical parameters were monitored at the vegetative and reproductive growth stages in pottedBougainvilleaplants treated with five different concentrations of TRIA. Advanced flowering, flower bud number, and blooming rate increased significantly with 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L TRIA treatments. Similarly, photosynthetic rate, pigment content, quantum yield, and stomatal conductance increased significantly with 2.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/L TRIA treatments. Higher levels of N, P, and K, as well as increased total soluble solids (TSS) and higher sugar and protein contents, were recorded in treated plants. Furthermore, 46% more flowers, a 1.5-fold increase in bract weight, increased longevity, and 40% less leaf abscission were recorded following 2.5 mg/L TRIA treatment. Phenol and flavonoid contents, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and antioxidant activities were also markedly increased with 2.5 and 1.0 mg/L TRIA treatments. However, ethylene production was significantly lower in the treated plants. Positive correlations were observed between leaf TSS and flowering time and flower number, between leaf sugar content and bract weight, and between net photosynthesis and bract growth and dry matter production. It can be concluded that the foliar spray of TRIA stimulates growth, enhances flowering, and improves the quality of pottedBougainvilleaplants.

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Improvement of antioxidant activities and yield of spring maize through seed priming and foliar application of plant growth regulators under heat stress conditions

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p47 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ijaz Ahmad ◽

Shehzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra ◽

Muhammad Akram ◽

Allah Wasaya ◽

Muhammad Ansar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Exogenous Application ◽

Hybrid Maize

Heat stress during reproductive and grain filling phases adversely affects the growth of cereals through reduction in grain’s number and size. However, exogenous application of antioxidants, plant growth regulators and osmoprotectants may be helpful to minimize these heat induced yield losses in cereals. This two year study was conducted to evaluate the role of exogenous application of ascorbic acid (AsA), salicylic acid (SA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) applied through seed priming or foliar spray on biochemical, physiological, morphological and yield related traits, grain yield and quality of late spring sown hybrid maize. The experiment was conducted in the spring season of 2007 and 2008. We observed that application of AsA, SA and H2O2 applied through seed priming or foliar spray improved the physiological, biochemical, morphological and yield related traits, grain yield and grain quality of late spring sown maize in both years. In both years, we observed higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity in the plants where AsA, SA and H2O2were applied through seed priming or foliar spray than control. Membrane stability index (MSI), relative water contents (RWC), chlorophyll contents, grain yield and grain oil contents were also improved by exogenous application of AsA, SA and H2O2 in both years. Seed priming of AsA, SA and H2O2was equally effective as the foliar application. In conclusion, seed priming with AsA, SA and H2O2 may be opted to lessen the heat induced yield losses in late sown spring hybrid maize. Heat tolerance induced by ASA, SA and H2O2 may be attributed to increase in antioxidant activities and MSI which maintained RWC and chlorophyll contents in maize resulting in better grain yield in heat stress conditions.

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Variability assessment of productivity traits and quality of berries in the genetic collection of garden strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) in the Orenburg region

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/845/1/012015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 845 (1) ◽

pp. 012015

Author(s):

E V Aminova ◽

R R Salimova ◽

O E Merezhko

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Average Weight ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Berry Quality ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Productivity Potential

Abstract Nowadays the study of the interrelation of the genotype of strawberry plants in garden and climatic conditions is extremely relevant. Due to the various systems of genetic control and the modifying effects of growing conditions on the manifestation of quantitative traits, there is the need to assess the genotypic variability of economically valuable features, focused on the identification of genotypes characterized by stability and adaptive qualities in growing conditions. The study examined 15 varieties of garden strawberries of domestic and foreign selection. The field experiments and surveys were carried out according to the Program generally accepted in the Russian Federation and methodology for the variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. We studied such features as the number of peduncles (pcs/bush), number of berries (pcs/bush), average weight of berries (g), total and marketable yield (g/bush), sugar content in berries, soluble solids and ascorbic acid. The purpose of this work was to assess the genotype-year interrelation in terms of the variability of productivity features and berry quality and to identify strawberry varieties with a stable genotype. As a result of two-way analysis of variance for the variety-year interrelation, the obtained values were 1.10-8.50 at standard Fst. - 1.24. Statistically important differences had indicators of productivity of a bush between the first and second clusters (t = 5.89 at p <0.01), the first and third (t = 15.83 at p <0.01), the second and third clusters (t = 8.13 at p <0.01), as well as the average berry weight between the first and third, second and third clusters (t = 15.50 and 6.99 at p <0.01, respectively). Significant differences in the value of the Euclidean distance were revealed for varieties Mishutka (54.5), Daryonka (54.5), Pervoklassnitsa (58) realizing their productivity potential in different years of cultivation.

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GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SUCROSE ACCUMULATION IN TOMATO FRUIT

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.584b ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 584b-584

Author(s):

John R. Stommnel

Keyword(s):

Tomato Fruit ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Recessive Gene ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Sucrose Accumulation ◽

Backcross Populations ◽

Physiological Analysis ◽

High Concentrations ◽

High Level

Fruit of the cultivated tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum, accumulate the reducing sugars glucose and fructose as the primary storage carbohydrates. In contrast, fruit of several wild green-fruited species store high concentrations of sucrose. Analysis of invertase, sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) enzyme activity throughout fruit development in the sucrose accumulating species L. peruvianum, indicated low levels of invertase and SS during the period of significant sucrose accumulation. Increased SPS activity was noted during the sucrose accumulation phase but was not coincident with maximum rates of sucrose accumulation. The percent soluble solids in ripe L. peruvianum fruit was more than twice that present in L. esculentum and attributed primarily to the high level of sucrose accumulated in L. peruvianum. Analysis of fruit sugar content in F1, F2 and backcross populations derived from an initial cross between plants of sucrose and hexose accumulators suggests that recessive gene(s) are responsible for sucrose accumulation.

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Effects of Leaf Potassium Content on Growth Dynamics of Muskmelon and Developing a Coupling Model of Nitrogen and Potassium

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci13980-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 1397-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaofeng Yang ◽

Lianzhu Chen ◽

Ming Cao ◽

Xuebin Zhang ◽

Shaopeng Li

Keyword(s):

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Coupling Model ◽

Potassium Content ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Area Index

Nitrogen and potassium are two crucial nutrient elements that affect the yield and quality of crops. The aim of this study was to quantify the impacts of potassium on growth dynamics and quality of muskmelon, so as to optimize potassium management for muskmelon in a plastic greenhouse, and develop a coupling model of nitrogen and potassium. For this purpose, four experiments (two experiments with different levels of potassium treatment and planting dates, and the other two experiments with different ratios of nitrogen and potassium, and planting dates) on muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. ‘Nanhaimi’ and ‘Xizhoumi 25’) were conducted in a plastic greenhouse located at Sanya from Jan. 2014 to Sept. 2015. The quantitative relationship between leaf potassium content and growth dynamics and yield of muskmelon was determined and incorporated into a photosynthesis-driven crop growth model (SUCROS). Independent experimental data were used to validate the model. The critical leaf potassium content at the flowering stage for muskmelon ‘Nanhaimi’ and ‘Xizhoumi 25’ were 55.0 and 46.0 mg·g−1. The result showed that the coefficient of determination (r2) between the predicted and measured values of leaf area index (LAI), direct weight of shoot (DWSH), direct weight of stem (DWST), dry weight of leaf (DWL), dry weight of fruit (DWF), fresh weight of fruit (FWF), soluble sugar content (SU), soluble protein content (PR), vitamin C (Vc), and soluble solids content (SO) of potassium model were 0.93, 0.98, 0.83, 0.96, 0.98, 0.99, 0.94, 0.94, 0.89, 0.85, and 0.90, respectively; and the relative root-mean-squared error (rRMSE) were 10.8%, 19.6%, 30.3%, 21.1%, 11.9%, 17.2%, 13.9%, 27.8%, 20.6%, and 10.1%, respectively. The two ways of nitrogen and potassium coupling (multiplicative coupling and minimum coupling) were compared, and the multiplicative coupling was used in model development finally. The r2 between the predicted and measured values of LAI, DWSH, DWST, DWL, DWF, FWF, SU, PR, Vc, and SO of nitrogen and potassium coupling model were 0.78, 0.91, 0.93, 0.94, 0.83, 0.89, 0.92, 0.95, 0.91, and 0.93, respectively; and their rRMSE were 9.2%, 12.4%, 11.8%, 43.2%, 6.6%, 7.2%, 6.85%, 4.98%, 6.61%, and 4.35%, respectively. The models could be used for the optimization of potassium, nitrogen, and potassium coupling management for muskmelon production in a plastic greenhouse.

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Studies on the Effect of Different Plant Densities and Levels of CRF on Growth, Yield and Quality of Flowers of Statice (Limonium sinuatum L.)

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1010.031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 259-266

Author(s):

Nishchay Galage Samir Ebson Topno ◽

Vipin M. Prasad

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Considerable Influence ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Flower Stalk ◽

Flowering Duration ◽

Bud Initiation

A Field Experiment was conducted during Rabi season 2019-2020 at Experimental field, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.), India. The experiment was Evaluated in a Factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications and 12 treatments. Among the CRF of 6g recorded significantly higher growth parameters followed by CRF of 4g, 2g and control. Spacing of 45cm x 60cm had a considerable influence on the number of leaves and length of leaves. Whereas, plant height was significantly higher with a spacing of 15cm x 30cm at all the growth stages. In flowering parameters, Controlled-release Fertilizers and spacing had a significance influence on the flowering parameters of statice. CRF of 6g per plant obtained notably higher flowering parameters like length of flower stalk and day of flower bud initiation to the day of harvesting whereas, highest delay in flower stalk initiation was observed in Control. The closer spacing of 15cm x 30cm had considerable influence on days required to flower stalk initiation/appearance, length of flower stalk and day of flower bud initiation to the day of harvesting or flowering duration. The higher yield with superior quality of flowers obtained with CRF of 6g with wider spacing of 45cm x 60cm.

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Response of growth, yield and quality of small onion (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum don.) to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University-Water Soluble Fertilizers (TNAU-WSF)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v13i4.3055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1350-1356

Author(s):

C. Vairavan ◽

S. Thiyageshwari ◽

P. Malarvizhi ◽

T. Saraswathi

Keyword(s):

Acid Content ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Block Design ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soil Test ◽

World Population

Enhancing the food production for the growing world population has needed application of highly sustainable and efficient inputs to produce more food per unit of land. Hence, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu has produced Water soluble fertilizers (WSF) in its maiden attempt and it is necessary to optimize on different crops. Small onion is one of the most important vegetables in the Indian diet and it has high demand but low productivity. To enhance crop productivity and quality of small onions, the application of TNAU-WSF was taken up. A field experiment was laid out in a Randomized block design (RBD) incorporating 8 treatments comprising of application of RDF at100% NPK as TNAU WSF, soil test based application of 75%, 100%, 125% NPK ha-1 as TNAU-WSF with soil application of sulphur (S) and foliar spray of TNAU Liquid multi micronutrient (LMM) and without S and TNAU LMM and absolute control. Each treatment was replicated thrice with onion (CO 4). Soil test based application of 125% NPK ha-1 as TNAU-WSF with sulphur (S) and TNAU LMM recorded significantly higher in plant height (54.01 cm), the number of leaves per bulb (8.56), leaf greenness (67.5 SPAD), root length (5.42 cm), polar bulb diameter (4.38 cm), equatorial bulb diameter (2.72 cm) fresh bulb weight (74.21 g), bulb yield (1751 t ha-1) and quality attributes like total soluble solids (TSS) (14.78 °Brix), ascorbic acid content (15.34 mg 100 g-1), pyruvic acid content (2.27 µmol g-1). However, soil test based application of 100% NPK ha-1 as TNAU-WSF was found to be an ideal rate to attain the economic target yield of the onion crop.

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Study on the Fruit Quality of Different Canopy and Tree Shapes of Huangguogan Citrus

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020602019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 206 ◽

pp. 02019

Author(s):

Liping Tan ◽

Zhaofang Chen ◽

Youting Yang ◽

Qing Zhang ◽

Xia Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Citrus Fruit ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Appearance Quality ◽

Tree Fruit ◽

Intrinsic Quality ◽

Different Shapes ◽

Better Than

In this paper, Shimian yellow citrus fruit was used as material to study the differences of HuangGuo citrus fruit strains by sampling, measuring and analyzing the fruit quality according to different shapes and canopy. The results showed that: in the yellow fruit citrus plants fruit quality was better than the performance of the lower part of the upper canopy, appearance quality did not change significantly, little difference; intrinsic quality significantly different soluble solids and sugar content than other obvious difference; round tree fruit quality was better than natural growth happy shape and form.

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High Carbon Dioxide Treatment Modulates Sugar Metabolism and Maintains the Quality of Fresh-Cut Pear Fruit

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25184261 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (18) ◽

pp. 4261

Author(s):

Di Wang ◽

Quan Ma ◽

Tarun Belwal ◽

Dong Li ◽

Wenxuan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Sugar Metabolism ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Related Enzyme ◽

Fresh Cut ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of 10% carbon dioxide (CO2) on the fruit quality and sugar metabolism of fresh-cut pear during storage. The results indicated that carbon dioxide treatment maintained fruit quality by delaying the decline of firmness and promoting the accumulation of total soluble solids (TSS). Moreover, carbon dioxide enhanced activities of sucrose synthase (SS), and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). The activities of amylase, acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), SS-cleavage, fructokinase (FK), hexokinase (HK), sorbitol oxidase (SOX), NAD-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase (NAD-SDH), and NADP-SDH in CO2-treated fruit were inhibited. Expression levels of key genes were found to correspond with the related enzyme activities. As a result, the accumulation of glucose, fructose, sorbitol, and sucrose were accelerated by CO2, which were 12.58%, 13.86%, 24.7%, and 13.9% higher than those of the control at the end of storage, respectively. The results showed that CO2 could maintain the quality of fresh-cut pears by regulating the conversion of various sugar components to enhance soluble sugars content.

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Effect of growth stage at cutting on yield and quality of lucerne cultivars from different dormancy groups in northern Victoria

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9870055 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 55 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

RH Slarke ◽

WK Mason

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growth Stage ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Yield And Quality

At Kyabram, Victoria, the effects of growth stage at cutting on dry matter (DM) yield and quality of lucerne was determined during the warm season haymaking period for cultivars with contrasting winter dormancy characteristics. Growth stages at cutting were pre-flower bud, flower-bud, 10% bloom and full bloom. Cultivars were winter non-dormant CUF 101 and Pioneer Brand 572, semi-winter dormant Pioneer Brand 581 and winter dormant Pioneer Brand 545. Cultivar responses or interactions between cultivar and growth stage at cutting were not significant (P>0.05) for dry matter yield, crude protein or in vitro digestibility. Cutting of the pre-flower bud stage, compared with cutting at the 10% bloom stage, reduced DM yield by 18% (16.4 v. 13.5 t/ha), but increased crude protein content of the lucerne from 19.3 to 24%. The total protein yield per hectare was not affected by cutting stages from pre-flower bud stage to 10% bloom. Cutting lucerne at the flower bud stage rather than at 10% bloom gave increased protein content and digestibility with only a moderate yield decline. However, more frequent cutting was unsatisfactory as it decreased the density of the stand and increased the proportion of weeds and so could not be recommended.

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Pre-harvest and pulse treatments of spermine, γ- and β-aminobutyric acid increased antioxidant activities and extended the vase life of gerbera cut flowers ‘Stanza’

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.1590/2447-536x.v26i2.2120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 306-316

Author(s):

Meisam Mohammadi ◽

Mitra Aelaei ◽

Mehdi Saidi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Vase Life ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Water Control ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Catalase Peroxidase ◽

Lower Neck

Abstract Capitulum wilting and neck bending are the two important complications that impair the post-harvest quality and vase life of the gerbera cut flowers. The present study investigates the effects of pre- and post-harvest treatments of spermine (SPER), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) on the vase life, qualitative features and enzyme activity of gerbera cut flowers ‘Stanza’. The pre-harvest treatments (1 mM doses) were applied by foliar spraying, and the post-harvest were by pulse treatment (5 mM doses). The flowers kept their quality longer in pre and post SPER and GABA treatments. The longest vase life was recorded in pre-SPER (14 days) and pre-GABA (13 days) compared to BABA treatments and controls (9 days). Neck bending was observed more frequently in controls whereas SPER and GABA showed a lower neck bending rate at 9 days after harvest. The highest vase solution uptake, total soluble solids, total flavonoid, total protein, the activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and ascorbate peroxidase, besides the lowest neck bending, electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, H2O2 and polyphenol oxidase activity were observed in pre-SPER treatment and subsequently in pre-GABA. Pre- and post-harvest treatments with β-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) had no significant effects on cut flowers compared to SPER and GABA, although showed slightly better effects than water control. It is therefore suggested that pre-harvest treatment using SPER and GABA can improve the vase life and quality of gerbera cut flowers.

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