Longer Parental Time and Lower Fertility Rate

Salminus brasiliensis is a migratory fish that has attracted considerable interest for aquaculture. Several procedures for induced spawning are known; however, there is a lack of protocol which enables the use of cryopreserved semen. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the use of cryopreserved semen using different volumes of cryopreserved semen relative to oocytes, different activators solutions and different maintenance time during the fertilization of dourado to evaluate the impact of these parameters on the fertilization rate. The semen was collected, cryopreserved in 0.5mL straws and stored in a dry shipper. Oocytes samples were fertilized according to each treatment. The different activator solutions and the contact times of the gametes with activators affected significantly the fertilization rates, which ranged between 13.4 and 27.8%, while fresh semen fertility rate was 80.8%. The relationship between oocyte and cryopreserved semen was significant, being the best ratio 0.05mL of cryopreserved semen per 10g of oocytes, while upper or lower volumes promoted a reduction in fertilization. The use of cryopreserved semen was effective to fertilize S. brasiliensis oocytes, however produced lower fertility rate than fresh semen

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Effect of Ethylene Glycol Concentration and Length of Exposure on In Vitro Fertility of Bovine Oocyte

Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v4i2.3097 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sri Wahjuningsih ◽

Suhartojo Hardjopranjoto ◽

Sutiman Bambang Sumitro

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Glycol ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Fertility Level ◽

Bovine Oocyte ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Bovine Oocytes

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the concentration of ethylene glycol (EG) and length of exposure to levels of bovine oocytes in vitro fertility. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design factorial 5x3 with 7 replicates. The first factor was the concentration of cryoprotectants EG 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. The second factor was the length of exposure 1, 3, and 5 minutes. The results showed that the concentration of EG and the length of exposure were effect on fertilized oocytes (P0.05). The level of oocytes in vitro fertility after vitrification in 30% EG and long exposure to 3 minutes did not different (P0.05) compared to fresh oocytes, while the EG treatment 10, 20, 40, and 50% significantly showed a lower fertility rate than the 30% EG (P0.05). It was concluded that the concentration of EG and length of exposure were effect on fertilized oocytes. The highest oocytes in vitro fertility level were found in 30% EG concentration with 3 minutes exposure time.

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Do Religious People Have More Children? The Effect of Religious Affiliation and Religiosity on Fertility

Journal of Population and Social Studies ◽

10.25133/jpssv292021.030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 479-499

Author(s):

Iim Halimatusa’diyah ◽

◽

Dzuriyatun Toyibah ◽

Keyword(s):

Religious Affiliation ◽

Vital Role ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

High Fertility ◽

Fertility Rates ◽

World Value Survey ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Role Of Religion

This paper aimed to examine the effect of religious affiliation and religiosity on the fertility rate. While scholars have predicted the decline of religion’s influence, practice, and role in modern societies, religion still plays a vital role in shaping individuals’ behavior, including their fertility behavior. While there have been many studies on the role of religion on fertility, few studies have compared the fertility rates among people from different religious affiliations and their practices of religiosity. Additionally, cross-national analyses of the fertility rate of religious individuals who live as a majority or minority in various countries are still limited. Drawing from the World Value Survey data and using OLS regression to examine interaction and socialization, and minority-status approaches to the relationship between religion and fertility behaviors, this study revealed that Muslims are more likely to have a higher number of children among the explored religions. In terms of religiosity, those who are more religious, from all religious affiliations, demonstrated the same likelihood of having high fertility. Additionally, while both ritual and belief dimensions of religiosity are significantly associated with a high fertility rate for all religious affiliations, all dimensions of religiosity had significant effects on fertility for Muslims. Furthermore, Muslim and Christian minorities were likely to have lower fertility rates than their counterparts with majority status.

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Male Fertility Before and After Androgen Abuse

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa837 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Josefine Windfeld-Mathiasen ◽

Kim Peder Dalhoff ◽

Jon Trærup Andersen ◽

Marc Klemp ◽

Anna Horwitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Assisted Reproduction ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Program ◽

Fitness Centers ◽

Background Population ◽

Before And After ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Catch Up

Abstract Purpose Previous research has found that male users of androgens are diagnosed approximately twice as often with infertility. We therefore set out to investigate the fertility in men using androgens. Methods The study included 545 males who tested positive for androgens in an anti-doping test program in Danish fitness centers during the period from January 3, 2006, to March 1, 2018. The confirmed androgen users were matched by birth year with 5450 male controls. We followed this cohort from 10 years prior to testing positive until the end of follow-up in May 2018. Results During the 10-year period prior to testing positive, the group of androgen users experienced a 26% lower fertility rate than the controls (rate ratio [RR] 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60-0.90; P = 0.0028). However, in the years following the doping sanction, they made a significant catch-up, and at completed follow-up the total fertility rate was only 7% lower than expected (RR 0.93, 95% CI, 0.84-1.03). The prevalence of assisted reproduction was 5.69% in the group of androgen users and 5.28% in the control group (P = 0.69). Conclusion Androgen use was associated with a temporary decline in fertility and most androgen users achieved parenthood without any help from the health care system. Overall, the fertility rate and the prevalence of assisted reproduction among androgen users were close to those in the background population.

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Reproductive Pattern in Women with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy: A Population-based Study

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.190474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (9) ◽

pp. 1392-1396

Author(s):

Weng Ian Che ◽

Karin Hellgren ◽

Ingrid E. Lundberg ◽

Marie Holmqvist

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Inflammatory Myopathy ◽

Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy ◽

Population Based ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Reproductive Pattern ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Reproductive Patterns ◽

Lower Fertility

Objective.To examine the reproductive pattern of women with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) compared to the general population.Methods.Population-based, nationwide registers were used to identify offspring of women with IIM and comparators.Results.Women with IIM in general had similar reproductive patterns as the comparators, whereas in those diagnosed between 26 and 45 years of age, there was an overall trend for fewer children as well as a higher proportion of nulliparity and a lower fertility rate in women with dermatomyositis than their comparators.Conclusion.Reproductive attention should be paid to patients with IIM diagnosed during the childbearing period.

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Declined Total Fertility Rate Among Immigrants and the Role of Newly Arrived Women in Norway

European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie ◽

10.1007/s10680-019-09541-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 547-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marianne Tønnessen

Keyword(s):

Total Fertility Rate ◽

Immigrant Women ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Fertility Level ◽

Duration Of Stay ◽

Western Countries ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Key Driver ◽

Origin Area

Abstract In many Western countries, the total fertility rate (TFR) of immigrant women has declined over the last decades. This paper proposes two methods for investigating such changes in the aggregate immigrant fertility level: what-if scenarios and a formal decomposition. Both methods disentangle the effect of changed composition—by origin area and duration of stay—from the effect of changed fertility within subgroups. The methods are applied to data from Norway, where immigrant TFR declined from 2.6 births per women in 2000 to below 2.0 in 2017. The results show that this decline is not due to successful integration, nor changed composition of immigrant women by origin area or duration of stay. A main reason for the decline is found among newly arrived immigrant women, particularly from Asia. They have a considerably lower fertility now than what the newly arrived had 15–20 years ago. After investigating several possible reasons for the TFR decline among the newly arrived, decreased fertility in origin areas is suggested as a key driver.

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EFFECTS OF HIGH ALTITUDE ON ENDOCRINE FUNCTION IN THE SHERPAS OF NEPAL

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0790147 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 147-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

C. R. M. BANGHAM ◽

P. H. HACKETT

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Reproductive Hormones ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Endocrine Function ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

The Andes ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Low Altitude ◽

Fertility Difference ◽

And Control

*National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Holly Hill, London, NW3 6RB and ‡Himalayan Rescue Association, P.O. Box 283, Kathmandu, Nepal (Received 23 May 1978) There is demographic evidence from studies in the Andes (James, 1966; Heer, 1967; Abelson, 1976) for lower fertility in high-altitude dwellers than in moderate- or low-altitude dwellers. In the Sherpas of Nepal, the completed fertility rate at high altitude (about 6·0) is appreciably less than that at lower altitudes (8·5; C. R. M. Bangham & J. M. Sacherer, unpublished observations). However, the physiological reasons (if any) for such a difference are obscure. The present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that such a fertility difference (between low- and high-altitude dwellers) is reflected in different serum concentrations of reproductive hormones. Sampling was carried out at altitudes of 4240 m in Khumbu, 2670 m in Pharak (south of Khumbu) and 1460 m in Kathmandu; the

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Impaired fertility in men diagnosed with inflammatory arthritis: results of a large multicentre study (iFAME-Fertility)

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220709 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. annrheumdis-2021-220709

Author(s):

Luis Fernando Perez-Garcia ◽

Esther Röder ◽

Robbert J Goekoop ◽

Johanna M W Hazes ◽

Marc R Kok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Fertility ◽

Inflammatory Arthritis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Fertility Problems ◽

The Impact

ObjectivesThe impact of inflammatory arthritis (IA) on male fertility remains unexplored. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of IA on several male fertility outcomes; fertility rate (number of biological children per man), family planning, childlessness and fertility problems.MethodsWe performed a multicentre cross-sectional study (iFAME-Fertility). Men with IA 40 years or older who indicated that their family size was complete were invited to participate. Participants completed a questionnaire that included demographic, medical and fertility-related questions. To analyse the impact of IA on fertility rate, patients were divided into groups according to the age at the time of their diagnosis: ≤30 years (before the peak of reproductive age), between 31 and 40 years (during the peak) and ≥41 years (after the peak).ResultsIn total 628 participants diagnosed with IA were included. Men diagnosed ≤30 years had a lower mean number of children (1.32 (SD 1.14)) than men diagnosed between 31 and 40 years (1.60 (SD 1.35)) and men diagnosed ≥41 years (1.88 (SD 1.14)).This was statistically significant (p=0.0004).The percentages of men diagnosed ≤30 and 31–40 years who were involuntary childless (12.03% vs 10.34% vs 3.98%, p=0.001) and who reported having received medical evaluations for fertility problems (20.61%, 20.69% and 11.36%, p=0.027) were statistically significant higher than men diagnosed ≥41 years.ConclusionsThis is the first study that shows that IA can impair male fertility. Men diagnosed with IA before and during the peak of reproductive age had a lower fertility rate, higher childlessness rate and more fertility problems. Increased awareness and more research into the causes behind this association are urgently needed.

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Data linkage of Psychiatric and Maternity data to investigate the pregnancy outcomes of women with Non-affective Psychosis in Scotland

International Journal for Population Data Science ◽

10.23889/ijpds.v1i1.318 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paula Mcskimming ◽

Sarah Barry ◽

John Park ◽

Sohinee Bhattacharya ◽

Angus MacBeth

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Data Linkage ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Exposed Group ◽

P Value ◽

Affective Psychosis ◽

General Fertility Rate ◽

Lower Fertility

ABSTRACTObjectiveWomen with a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis have a lower fertility rate than the general population. However, perinatal outcomes in mothers with non-affective psychosis are under-researched. What is the general fertility rate (GFR) of women with a lifetime diagnosis of non-affective psychosis in Scotland? Does such a diagnosis affect the outcome of pregnancy? ApproachAn ‘exposed’ cohort with non-affective psychosis and at least one pregnancy was established using a combined dataset derived via data linkage in local safe havens of routine psychiatric and maternity data from two Scottish regions:•NHS Grampian (NHSGr): Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank (AMND); psychiatric casenotes•NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (NHSGG&C): SMR02; PsyCIS bespoke psychiatric databaseExposed women were matched to women without a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis, by maternal age (NHSGG&C only), year of first birth, parity and deprivation, sourced from AMND/SMR02 in a 3:1 unexposed:exposed ratio. Demographics and pregnancy outcomes of exposed versus unexposed women were analysed to describe effect of psychosis on pregnancy. ResultsMany challenges were encountered in terms of having legal agreements in place between institutions and safe havens, constructing cohorts and datasets within each study site and joining the data to analyse the overall cohort. Challenges with the data itself included discrepancies between the variables measured in datasets in different sites and missing information within patient records, particularly in earlier years. Preliminary results for the NHSGG&C region show that the average GFR for exposed women aged 15-44 from 2005 to 2014 was 14.38 compared to the general population rate of 55.26. The number of women ever having a miscarriage was significantly higher in the exposed group (23.4% vs 9.9%; p-value <0.001). However during the study period (1996 to 2014), more unexposed women had miscarriages (0.5% vs 4.7%; p-value = 0.002). There were no significant differences in pregnancy complications for the study period. The mean birthweight of babies was lower (3.23kg vs 3.35kg; p-value = 0.029) and more babies were admitted to neonatal units (17.5% vs 9.8%; p-value = 0.004) in the exposed group. Results for the NHSGr region and the combined dataset will also be reported. ConclusionThis work highlights that there remain hurdles to linking data across sites, despite availability of rich datasets within Scotland. Women with non-affective psychosis within NHSGG&C region had a lower fertility rate on average than the general population and some poorer outcomes, such as birthweight and rate of admission to neonatal units.

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Changes in demand for children between 2003 and 2013 in Nigeria: Evidence from survey data

Population Horizons ◽

10.2478/pophzn-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 16-29

Author(s):

Stella Babalola ◽

Joshua O. Akinyemi ◽

Clifford O. Odimegwu

Keyword(s):

Health Surveys ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Religious Affiliation ◽

Large Family ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

High Fertility ◽

Fertility Desire ◽

The North ◽

Demand For Children

Abstract Nigeria has one of the highest fertility rates in Africa. Data from 2013 Demographic and Health Surveys indicate a virtual stagnation of fertility rate since 2003. Low contraceptive use and pronatalist attitudes are among the factors contributing to the high fertility rate in Nigeria. In this manuscript, we pooled data from three most recent waves of Demographic and Health Surveys to examine trends in demand for children over time and identify the factors associated with change in demand for children. The data show that demand for children has declined since 2003 although not monotonically so. Variables that were positively associated with increased likelihood of desiring no additional children were residence in the South-West (as opposed to residence in the North-Central), exposure to family planning (FP) messages on the mass media, number of children ever born, educational level, and urban residence. In contrast, uncertainty about fertility desire was more widespread in 2008 compared to 2013 although less widespread in 2003 than in 2013. The likelihood of being undecided about fertility desire was positively associated with discrepancies in family size desires between husband and wife, parity and Islamic religious affiliation. Programs should aim to increase access to effective contraceptive methods and promote demand for contraceptives as a way of fostering a sustainable reduction in demand for children. Furthermore, strategies that address uncertainty by fostering women’s understanding of the social and health implications of large family sizes are relevant.

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