scholarly journals A Review on Fractal Geometry Enhanced Vehicular Communication under 5G Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Raghavendra ◽  
Deepti Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Geometry ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Day By Day

A lot of technological advancements in the field of vehicular communication has seen in the past decade, which has brought an increasing in a great extent day by day and it’s becoming as a leading research area which provides the scope in terms of safe driving, accident controllability, enhanced security and portability. As we are moving towards the fifth generation, which is showing its dominance on vehicular communication in the next coming years. In this regards the antennas which are used for communication is also an important factor and this paper brings a complete vision over vehicular communication, relevant antennas specified for the latest 5G communication and the paper is concluded with discussion on Internet of vehicles. The impact of Fractal geometry based antennas in the fields of vehicular communication as well as 5G for connected autonomous vehicles are also discussed through this paper.

scholarly journals A Survey on the Use-Cases and Deployment Efforts Toward Converged Internet of Things (IoT) and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdan Hejazi ◽  
László Bokor
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Survey

In the past few years, automotive Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have become one of the most significant IoT application areas in the shape of vehicular communication to connect vehicles and such the so-called Internet of Vehicles (IoV) to be used in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) environments. With an increasing level of cooperation, ITS could facilitate smart city operations by providing cooperative intelligent traffic solutions. Modern Cooperative ITS (C-ITS) solutions have started to be implemented in the whole world with various deployment models and significant improvements in the integration of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication and IoT solutions. To highlight the current V2X technology evolution towards an IoT/IoV era, this paper presents a comprehensive survey about the convergence between IoT and V2X use-cases together with their supporting technologies in the cooperative ITS ecosystem worldwide. We show how IoT could enable advanced V2X applications to get widespread and increase ITS efficiency.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Design of Autonomous Robotic Boat for Rescue Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Vanita Jain ◽  
Dharmender Saini ◽  
Monu Gupta ◽  
Neeraj Joshi ◽  
Anubhav Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Day By Day

New technologies are advancing and emerging day by day to improve the safety of humans by making use of various autonomous technologies. The continuous utilization of autonomous vehicles/systems in search and rescue (SAR) operations is a challenging research area particularly for marine-based activities. A comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) providing an overview of improvisations that have been done in the field of autonomous technologies for search and rescue operation over the last five years has been compiled in this paper. A methodology for using autonomous vehicles in water for SAR operations has been incorporated and demonstrated. The focus of this study is to look at the various techniques and address different challenges faced for human beings’ safety during rescue operation. The comparison of results achieved for various technologies and algorithms is highlighted in this paper. This literature survey proves to be a good source of information for fellow researchers to precisely analyze the study results.

scholarly journals A Blockchain Framework for Securing Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathee ◽  
Sharma ◽  
Iqbal ◽  
Aloqaily ◽  
Jaglan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Connected Vehicles ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Original Concept

Recently, connected vehicles (CV) are becoming a promising research area leading to the concept of CV as a Service (CVaaS). With the increase of connected vehicles and an exponential growth in the field of online cab booking services, new requirements such as secure, seamless and robust information exchange among vehicles of vehicular networks are emerging. In this context, the original concept of vehicular networks is being transformed into a new concept known as connected and autonomous vehicles. Autonomous vehicular use yields a better experience and helps in reducing congestion by allowing current information to be obtained by the vehicles instantly. However, malicious users in the internet of vehicles may mislead the whole communication where intruders may compromise smart devices with the purpose of executing a malicious ploy. In order to prevent these issues, a blockchain technique is considered the best technique that provides secrecy and protection to the control system in real time conditions. In this paper, the issue of security in smart sensors of connected vehicles that can be compromised by expert intruders is addressed by proposing a blockchain framework. This study has further identified and validated the proposed mechanism based on various security criteria, such as fake requests of the user, compromise of smart devices, probabilistic authentication scenarios and alteration in stored user’s ratings. The results have been analyzed against some existing approach and validated with improved simulated results that offer 79% success rate over the above-mentioned issues.

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

Piezoelectric β-polymorph formation of new textiles by surface modification with coating process based on interfacial interaction on the conformational variation of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 31301
Author(s):  
Nabil Chakhchaoui ◽  
Rida Farhan ◽  
Meriem Boutaldat ◽  
Marwane Rouway ◽  
Adil Eddiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Applications

Novel textiles have received a lot of attention from researchers in the last decade due to some of their unique features. The introduction of intelligent materials into textile structures offers an opportunity to develop multifunctional textiles, such as sensing, reacting, conducting electricity and performing energy conversion operations. In this research work nanocomposite-based highly piezoelectric and electroactive β-phase new textile has been developed using the pad-dry-cure method. The deposition of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) − carbon nanofillers (CNF) − tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), Si(OCH2CH3)4 was acquired on a treated textile substrate using coating technique followed by evaporation to transform the passive (non-functional) textile into a dynamic textile with an enhanced piezoelectric β-phase. The aim of the study is the investigation of the impact the coating of textile via piezoelectric nanocomposites based PVDF-CNF (by optimizing piezoelectric crystalline phase). The chemical composition of CT/PVDF-CNC-TEOS textile was detected by qualitative elemental analysis (SEM/EDX). The added of 0.5% of CNF during the process provides material textiles with a piezoelectric β-phase of up to 50% has been measured by FTIR experiments. These results indicated that CNF has high efficiency in transforming the phase α introduced in the unloaded PVDF, to the β-phase in the case of nanocomposites. Consequently, this fabricated new textile exhibits glorious piezoelectric β-phase even with relatively low coating content of PVDF-CNF-TEOS. The study demonstrates that the pad-dry-cure method can potentially be used for the development of piezoelectric nanocomposite-coated wearable new textiles for sensors and energy harvesting applications. We believe that our study may inspire the research area for future advanced applications.

Soziale Disziplinierung im flexiblen Kapitalismus

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Tobias Wölfle ◽  
Oliver Schöller
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Municipal Level

Under the term “Hilfe zur Arbeit” (aid for work) the federal law of social welfare subsumes all kinds of labour disciplining instruments. First, the paper shows the historical connection of welfare and labour disciplining mechanisms in the context of different periods within capitalist development. In a second step, against the background of historical experiences, we will analyse the trends of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” during the past two decades. It will be shown that by the rise of unemployment, the impact of labour disciplining aspects of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” has increased both on the federal and on the municipal level. For this reason the leverage of the liberal paradigm would take place even in the core of social rights.

Regulatory and sustainability initiatives lead to improved polyaminopolyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE) wet-strength resins and paper products

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Crisp ◽  
Richard Riehle
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
The Past ◽  
Consumer Safety ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
The Impact

Polyaminopolyamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins are the predominant commercial products used to manufacture wet-strengthened paper products for grades requiring wet-strength permanence. Since their development in the late 1950s, the first generation (G1) resins have proven to be one of the most cost-effective technologies available to provide wet strength to paper. Throughout the past three decades, regulatory directives and sustainability initiatives from various organizations have driven the development of cleaner and safer PAE resins and paper products. Early efforts in this area focused on improving worker safety and reducing the impact of PAE resins on the environment. These efforts led to the development of resins containing significantly reduced levels of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), potentially carcinogenic byproducts formed during the manufacturing process of PAE resins. As the levels of these byproducts decreased, the environmental, health, and safety (EH&S) profile of PAE resins and paper products improved. Recent initiatives from major retailers are focusing on product ingredient transparency and quality, thus encouraging the development of safer product formulations while maintaining performance. PAE resin research over the past 20 years has been directed toward regulatory requirements to improve consumer safety and minimize exposure to potentially carcinogenic materials found in various paper products. One of the best known regulatory requirements is the recommendations of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), which defines the levels of 1,3-DCP and 3-MCPD that can be extracted by water from various food contact grades of paper. These criteria led to the development of third generation (G3) products that contain very low levels of 1,3-DCP (typically <10 parts per million in the as-received/delivered resin). This paper outlines the PAE resin chemical contributors to adsorbable organic halogens and 3-MCPD in paper and provides recommendations for the use of each PAE resin product generation (G1, G1.5, G2, G2.5, and G3).

Optimal Density Determination of Bouguer Anomaly Using Fractal Analysis (Case of study: Charak area,IRAN)

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Samadi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Fractal Geometry ◽  
Host Rock ◽  
Bouguer Anomaly ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Density Difference ◽  
Optimal Density

In exploration geophysics the main and initial aim is to determine density of under-research goals which have certain density difference with the host rock. Therefore, we state a method in this paper to determine the density of bouguer plate, the so-called variogram method based on fractal geometry. This method is based on minimizing surface roughness of bouguer anomaly. The fractal dimension of surface has been used as surface roughness of bouguer anomaly. Using this method, the optimal density of Charak area insouth of Hormozgan province can be determined which is 2/7 g/cfor the under-research area. This determined density has been used to correct and investigate its results about the isostasy of the studied area and results well-coincided with the geology of the area and dug exploratory holes in the text area

A Review on Fast Dissolving Tablet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar T. Malsane ◽  
Smita S. Aher ◽  
R. B. Saudagar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Oral route is presently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most economical and most convenient method of drug delivery resulting in highest patient compliance. Over the past three decades, orally disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have gained considerable attention due to patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions because of tremors of extremities and dysphagia. In some cases such as motion sickness, sudden episodes of allergic attack or coughing, and an unavailability of water, swallowing conventional tablets may be difficult. One such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating “Fast dissolving tablets” (FDTs) which disintegrates or dissolves rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to the action of superdisintegrant or maximizing pore structure in the formulation. The review describes the various formulation aspects, superdisintegrants employed and technologies developed for FDTs, along with various excipients, evaluation tests, marketed formulation and drugs used in this research area.

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