WHERE THE POWER RESIDES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GUJARAT AND HIMACHAL PRADESH STATE ELECTIONS 2017

Gujarat and Himanchal these are the two states where elections held for the State Assembly simultaneously in 2017. Both the states have different socio-economic set ups besides that in their political institutions and processes there are some common characteristics. Bi-party system, gender inequality in political arena, accommodative trend of the diverse interest within the two parties and strong party leadership are prominent features of the state politics in both the states. Paper is an attempt to analyse the trends of state politics by comparing the socio economics ecologies and their impact on the state politics in Gujarat and Himachal. Entire study is based on the secondary data and personal observations of the researchers as primary data.

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Notary’s Responsibility in Making of Deed Due to Land Acquisition Containing Criminal Corruption

ALHURRIYAH Jurnal Hukum Islam (ALHURRIYAH JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC LAW) ◽

10.30983/alhurriyah.v5i1.2331 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Yogi Maron ◽

Ismansyah Ismansyah ◽

Azmi Fendri

Keyword(s):

Legal Theory ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Land Rights ◽

The State ◽

Land Acquisition ◽

District Court ◽

Primary Data ◽

Prison Sentence ◽

Ethics Code

As happened to the Notary Eli SatriaPilo, S.H, Mkn, who was appointed as the Notary who made the Deed of Relinquishment of Land Rights in the Land Acquisition activities for the Construction of Campus III of the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Padang which was located in Sungai Bangek District, Padang in 2010. The method used was descriptive, in which describing the applicable legislation associated with legal theory in the facts and realities about the Notary’s Responsibility in Making Deed of Land Acquisition for the construction of Campus III of IAIN Padang in Sungai Bangek. This study used a Normative Juridical approach, in which researching by using and processing secondary data or literature related to the study. The data collected were in the form of primary data obtained from the District Court of Padang, secondary data obtained from secondary legal materials and primary legal materials. Based on the study, it was found that the role of Notary Eli Satria Pilo, in the land acquisition of campus III IAIN was proven to have misused the authority resulting in violation of the Notary Ethics Code and was responsible for accepting termination disrespectfully. Furthermore, he was also shown to be committing a Criminal Corruption made based on the Deed of Relinquishment of Land Rights in the land acquisition for the construction of Campus III of IAIN Padang, so that the State incurred losses of Rp. 1.946.701.050 (one billion nine hundred forty-six million seven hundred one thousand and fifty rupiahs). And he was responsible for receiving and carrying out the sentence that had been handed down by the District Court of Padang, a prison sentence of 4 (four) years, and paying a fine of Rp. 200.000.000 (two hundred million rupiahs).

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PENYELESAIAN GANTI RUGI AKIBAT SENGKETA PENGUASAAN HAK ATAS TANAH SECARA MELAWAN HUKUM (Tinjauan Beberapa Kasus di Pengadilan Negeri Surakarta)

Jurnal Privat Law ◽

10.20961/privat.v7i1.30104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Ananda Dwinanti Kinasih , ◽

M. Hudi Asrori S ,

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Civil Law ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Land Rights ◽

The State ◽

Primary Data ◽

State Court ◽

Legal Research ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Legal Force

Abstract This article aims for reviewing how the settlement of compensation as the consequences of the tenure of land rights unlawfully in civil law Surakarta state court verdict number 106/pdt.g/2017/PN.SKT and number 103/pdt.G/2006/PN.SKT where the court’s decision has a permanent legal force. This research is a juridical normative legal research. The location of this research at Notary Office and PPAT Adib Sujarwadi and the State Court Surakarta Class 1A Specific. Kinds and the sources of data in this research are consist of primary data and secondary data. The technique of data collection through interview and library study. The analytical technique used by the author is by the method of syllogism that uses the deduction mindset. Regarding the settlement of compensation due to unlawful tenure of land rights is a compensatory damages, in the form of payment to the victim amounting to a loss that is actually experienced. Based on the decision of the Panel of Judges. Regarding the non-granting of immaterial compensation because the Plaintiff does not attach the appropriate evidence. After the verdict is declared incracht, outside the court, the Defendant and the Plaintiff may hold deliberations to determine the amount of the indemnity or the Plaintiff waived the indemnity obligation, but the Defendant must leave the land of the object of the dispute voluntarily. In the case of still occupy it will be executed by the bailiff from the Court. Keywords: Compensation; Tort; Tenure Of Land Rights.Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana penyelesaian ganti rugi akibat penguasaan hak atas tanah secara melawan hukum pada perkara perdata Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Surakarta Nomor 106/ Pdt.G/2017/PN SKT dan Nomor 103/Pdt.G/2006/PN SKT, dimana putusan pengadilan tersebut telah berkekuatan hukum tetap. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yuridis. Lokasi penelitian yaitu di Kantor Notaris dan PPAT Adib Sujarwadi dan Pengadilan Negeri Surakarta Kelas IA Khusus. Jenis dan sumber data penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah dengan metode silogisme yang menggunakan pola pikir deduksi. Penyelesaian ganti rugi akibat penguasaan hak atas tanah secara melawan hukum yaitu dengan ganti rugi kompensasi, berupa pembayaran kepada korban sebesar kerugian yang benar-benar dialami. Berdasarkan keputusan Majelis Hakim. Mengenai tidak dikabulkannya ganti rugi immateriil dikarenakan Penggugat tidak melampirkan bukti-bukti yang sesuai. Setelah putusan dinyatakan incraht, di luar pengadilan, Tergugat dan Penggugat dapat mengadakan musyawarah untuk menentukan jumlah ganti rugi atau Penggugat membebaskan kewajiban pembayaran ganti rugi, namun Tergugat harus meninggalkan tanah obyek sengketa secara sukarela. Dalam hal masih tetap menempati maka akan dilakukan eksekusi oleh juru sita dari Pengadilan. Kata Kunci : Ganti Kerugian; Perbuatan Melawan Hukum; Penguasaan Hak Atas Tanah.

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A Revisit to COVID-19 Challenges and Responses: A Case Study of Kerala

Space and Culture India ◽

10.20896/saci.v8i2.1061 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 47-61

Author(s):

Norvy Paul ◽

Elsa Mary Jacob ◽

Sheena Rajan Philip

Keyword(s):

Care Service ◽

Health Care Service ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The State ◽

Public Health Care ◽

Primary Data ◽

Tertiary Sector ◽

Land Reforms ◽

Early Introduction ◽

Administrative Guidance

Kerala, a state with high development indices distinguished with its Kerala Model of Development (UN, 1975), is also affected by recent Pandemic COVID'19 as other states and nations worldwide. The existing socio-economic analysis of the State reveals that the land reforms, promotion of education, and early introduction of participatory governance through Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have contributed to the State's socio-economic and political advancement. These factors played a significant role in the fight against the pandemic. This study is an attempt to answer what are the future economic and health challenges as the State, Kerala Model of Development, is faced with COVID'19? The specific objectives further guide this— to study the economic challenges ahead of the State as the tertiary sector is faced with challenges to contribute to the economy and attempted to study the possible ways to address health issues in the State. The researchers conducted an in-depth interview among 10 social scientists and economists of Kerala using purposive sampling to obtain primary data, which has been supported by secondary resources. The researchers did a thematic analysis of the primary data collected, further corroborated by secondary data. The study reveals that the State's current scenario during the pandemic, the grass-root empowerment in all spheres of life clubbed with administrative guidance, resulted in well-equipped public health care service delivery. The fall in the tertiary sector's income has decisively affected the State's economy, especially in agriculture, health, IT, tourism, labour, and foreign remittance. The State's economic and social equilibrium will face challenges in addressing issues in the post-COVID era. Even though the State suffered some increased Covid-19 cases recently, after expatriates' return, the dimensions mentioned above assisted the State in its fight against COVID'19. To address the challenges to the Kerala Model of Development, especially the post-COVID-19 requirements of the State demands interrogation, introspection, and integration of the current policies that majorly depend on the tertiary sector and initiate policies, plans, and programmes to strike a balance between all sectors, especially providing impetus to the primary sector so that a failure in one sector can be compensated by the other.

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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI BANK TERKAIT PERJANJIAN KREDIT KEPEMILIKAN RUMAH DENGAN PENGIKATAN SURAT KUASA MEMBEBANKAN HAK TANGGUNGAN DISERTAI PERJANJIAN BUY BACK GUARANTEE DI KOTA DENPASAR

Acta Comitas ◽

10.24843/ac.2016.v01.i02.p07 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Ni Ketut Supasti Darmawan ◽

I Nyoman Sumardika ◽

I Nyoman Gede Paramartha

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Home Ownership ◽

Economic Recession ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The State ◽

External Factors ◽

Primary Data ◽

Land Area ◽

Buy Back

Home ownership credit faciliities are very much needed by the people who have low and medium buying power. In theory, as set forth in Article 1, paragraph (2) of the Regulation of the State Minister of Agrarian Services/Head of National Body for Land Affairs (BPN) No. 4 of 1996, with the binding of SKMHT is only granted to secure certain credits ,i.e. to finance simple ownership , modest homes, condominiums with land area of 200m2 and the building has not more than 70m2. In practice many home ownership credit facilities are granted to buy a house with a land area of more than stated by the provision above. Problems also occurs with the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (1) of UUHT which require SKMHT regarding land rights which are already registred, SKMHT must be followed by the making of APHT as late as 1(one) month. Rights to land that has not been registered, should be followed by creating APHT as late as 3(three) months after the SKMHT is granted in accordance with Article 15 of UUHT paragraph (2). However, in granting Home ownership credit, the provision applied is Article 1, paragraph (2) of the Regulation of the State Minister of Agrarian Services/Head of Nation Body for Land Affairs (BPN) No. 4 of 1996 confirming that SKMHT is not mandatory until the end of the principal agreement. The principle issue in this study is the factors that cause the developer defaults on the SKMHT agreement completed with buy back guarantee and the efforts made by a bank if a developer defaults on yhe agreement of buy back guarantee. Type of research used in this thesis was empirical legal research, which departed from the gap between Government Regulation State Minister of Agrarian Services/Head of Nation Body for Land Affairs (BPN) No. 4 of 1996, and the prevailing reality. The Approach used was a qualitative approach. Primary data collection technique was conducted using the method of taking sample interview with the Non-Random Sampling; secondary data collection was done through the technique of documentary studies and tertiary legal materials in the form of dictionaries and encyclopedias. The results showed that the factors that caused the developer defaults on the agreement of SKMHT equipped with buyback guarantee are internal and external factors. The internal factor is the missue of credit facilities and bad character of developers. External factors that make economic recession are that the bank interest rate jump dramatically, as a result many debitors are unable to pay loans. Efforts made by the bank if a developer defaults on the agreement of buy back guarantee can be an effort in litigation and non-litigation paths. The best solution for creditors is through non-litigation paths.

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The Issues and Perspectives of Pilgrimage Tourism Development in Thanjavur

International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews ◽

10.18510/ijthr.2014.117 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Vijayanand

Keyword(s):

Spiritual Growth ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The State ◽

Primary Data ◽

Religious Attitude ◽

Pilgrimage Tourism

Pilgrimage tourism is the type of tourism that entirely or powerfully motivates tourists for the achievement of religious attitude and practices. One of the oldest types of visiting the attractions and a global experience in the olden times of spiritual growth, it can be differentiated into different forms. The temporary religious sightseeing is well-known by excursions to close by pilgrimage centers or religious conferences. The durable implies visits of quite a few days or weeks to nationwide and worldwide pilgrimage sites or conferences. This paper investigates the issues and challenges of pilgrimage tourism and also it’s civilizing significance in Thanjavur. The scope of socio-economic enlargement during pilgrimage tourism and analysis of the communications issues pertaining to the pilgrimage location of Thanjavur is dealt through in this study. The levels of inspiration and prospect of religious tourists are recognized as type factors in emergent pilgrimage tourism in the State. The data for this study as collected from crowd citizens occupied in pilgrimage tourism actions. The quantity of involvement of pilgrimage tourists in pilgrimage tourism development of Thanjavur is elucidated in this study. This study is generally based on primary data; secondary data necessary for this study was composed since unusual dependable sources.

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Kesetaraan Gender dalam Perekrutan Aparatur Sipil Negara Menempati Jabatan Struktural di Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

PERSPEKTIF ◽

10.31289/perspektif.v10i1.4274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 204-210

Author(s):

Eugenia Natalia Meo ◽

Veronika Ina Assan Boro

Keyword(s):

Research Method ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The State ◽

Provincial Government ◽

Civil Servants ◽

Primary Data ◽

Social Injustice ◽

Recruitment Process ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Structural Positions

The issue of gender injustice is a form of social injustice in Indonesia which has always been an interesting theme and will remain an important theme in every thought and conception of society in the future. This study aims to describe the recruitment process for ASNs in structural positions in the Provincial Government of East Nusa Tenggara and also the factors that influence the lack of female ASN occupying structural positions. The research method used is qualitative by collecting primary data through in-depth interviews and observation techniques, while secondary data is collected through archives and documentation. The results showed that the recruitment process for State Civil Servants to occupy structural positions was in accordance with the rules in the State Civil Apparatus Law No. 5 of 2014, although not fully implemented as a whole. Apart from the fact that regulations that have not been fully implemented have been identified as well as other factors that influence as well as a lack of interest or willingness from women themselves, space and opportunities are provided but awareness of women to take part is still very minimal.

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The Impact of Forestry on The Economy of The State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n28p459 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (28) ◽

pp. 459

Author(s):

Nasim Akhter ◽

Sabahat Akram ◽

Bashir Ahmed Khilji ◽

Shahid Hussain

Keyword(s):

Goodness Of Fit ◽

National Income ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

The State ◽

Primary Data ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Integrated Policy ◽

Forestry Resources ◽

The Impact

In this paper a study was carried out to assess the contribution and impact of forestry resource on the economy of the State of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, as 42% of the total area is covered by forests. To conduct the study both secondary and primary data was used. Secondary data was collected from different public sector concerned departments. Primary data was collected through a comprehensive questionnaire from 212 selected respondents by using convenience sampling of 3 Forest Divisions which were 16% of total targeted population. Multiple Regression Model was applied by using last twenty years secondary data of ten sectors of the economy. The value indicates goodness of fit of the model. The results show that forestry resources are an important contributor to the state’s National Income. The study recommends concerted efforts and integrated policy making to conserve the fragile eco system of mountainous areas like AJK. The primary and secondary data reveals that 16000 people are availing job opportunities through forestry resource.

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Socio-Cultural and Economic Impact of Kochi-Muziris Biennale

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d7306.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 573-577

Keyword(s):

Economic Impact ◽

Research Work ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The State ◽

Primary Data ◽

Site Specific ◽

Standard Questionnaire ◽

Heritage Buildings ◽

Public Area ◽

The Impact

Kochi-Muziris Biennale is an ecumenical carnival of voguish art held in Kochi Kerala. It is the biggest dexterity carnival and largest voguish art fiesta in Asia. Kochi Biennale foundation collaborating with government of Kerala have initiated the Kochi-Muziris Biennale. The display of voguish art is spread across Kochi, with manifestations being held in galleries, site specific installations in public area heritage buildings and disused structure. The impact of Biennale in the economy of Kerala is an important area for a research work. But in this study we tried to understand the socio - cultural and economic impact of Kochi- Muziris Biennale in the state of Kerala. The study is analytical in nature and data collected from different classes of employees’ from various sectors and also from public. Primary and secondary data are collected for the study. The primary data are collected with the help of standard questionnaire and different journals, magazines and periodicals are used as secondary data.

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Odonata of the state of Maranhão, Brazil: Wallacean shortfall and priority areas for faunistic inventories

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2019-0734 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Rafael Costa Bastos ◽

Leandro Schlemmer Brasil ◽

Fernando Geraldo Carvalho ◽

Lenize Batista Calvão ◽

José Orlando de Almeida Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

New Records ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The State ◽

Primary Data ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Widespread Species ◽

Priority Areas ◽

Brazilian Northeast ◽

Wallacean Shortfall

Abstract: Environmental changes are worrying in a scenario with large knowledge gaps on species diversity and distribution. Many species may become extinct before they are known to science. Considering this scenario, the present study aims to evaluate the known distribution of the species recorded for Maranhão state in Brazilian northeast region and discuss knowledge gaps about Odonata indicating the priority areas for faunistic inventories. Using primary and secondary data together, we present convex minimum polygons of the distribution of all the species registered for the state. In addition, we created maps with the richness of species and number of records of Odonata in the Maranhão state. In primary data sample 269 specimens, represented by 17 genera and 30 species were collected. Of the 30 species collected, 17 are new records for the state of Maranhão; of these, 35.29% are geographically widespread species, occurring in practically all regions of Brazil. Considering the records in the literature, there was a 68% increase in the number of Odonata species known for Maranhão. The most unexplored region is the Cerrado of the state of Maranhão. Furthermore, the transition regions between Cerrado and Amazônia and between Cerrado and Caatinga are also unknown. All these areas are a priority for faunistic inventories.

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Identification and crop damage assessment of indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) in selected zones of Abbottabad, Pakistan

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.242635 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

Ehtisham ◽

A. Akhtar ◽

K. A. Khan ◽

M. Iqbal ◽

S. A. Bano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Data ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Crop Damage ◽

Primary Data ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Entire Study ◽

Union Council ◽

Crested Porcupine ◽

Total Crop ◽

Precautionary Measures

Abstract Indian crested porcupine is the largest rodent pest that damages a wide variety of crops, vegetables, and tree species which ultimately causes huge economic loss in Pakistan, which is an agricultural country. It prefers to live in hilly terrain but common in temperate and tropical forests, shrublands, and grasslands. This study focused on the identification and assessment of crops damaged along with the main precautionary measures used by the local farmers. The data was collected from twenty-four villages of two union councils i.e. Chamhad and Slahad of district Abbottabad. Two types of data (primary and secondary) were collected from the study area. Primary data was collected for identification and estimation calculation of total crop damaged through direct field observation by taking random quadrates in each village of the study area. The damage in the crop was assessed by randomly selecting a quadrate of 1x1 m2 for the wheat, pearl millet, and Sorghum fields. While 4x4 m2 quadrates were taken for maize and vegetables. At least three quadrate samples were taken from each field including one quadrate taken from the center of the field area. In union council Chamhad, damage to maize (11.31%) and wheat (0.73%) by the Indian crested porcupine while in union council Salhad, damage of maize (6.95%) and wheat (1.6%) was observed. In the entire study area, overall damage to maize crop (8.01%) and wheat (0.88%) was calculated. Based on information obtained from the farmers, the Indian porcupine inflicted damage to potato, tomato, cauliflower, chili pepper, turnip, radish, pea, and onion, etc. Secondary data obtained through a questionnaire survey to explore the human porcupine conflict and precautionary measures used by the farmers and landowners. Open and close-ended questionnaires (159) highlighted the presence of Indian crested porcupine in the study area and 96% of the respondents have seen porcupine directly. Many types of precautionary measures were used by the farmers such as fencing, night stay, night firing, and dogs to decrease the crop damage, respondents (63.91%) use guns for hunting. however, due to the largely agricultural area and nocturnal behavior of Indian crested porcupine majority of the respondents (51.57%) did not use any precautionary measure. Biological control of Indian porcupine is recommended in the study area. Farmers should be encouraged and provide incentives and killing through current should be banned while proper hunting license should be issued to overcome overhunting. Scientific studies are required to control the reproduction of porcupine specifically in the more damaged areas.

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