scholarly journals ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF DIGIT LENGTHS AND DIGIT RATIOS OFVITILIGO SUBJECTS IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 907-911
Author(s):  
Gwunireama I.U. ◽  
◽  
Ogoun T.R. ◽  
Adheke O.M. ◽  
Wariboko L.I. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Vitiligo is a skin pigmentation disorder that is caused by a loss of melanocytes, characterized by white spots around certain parts of the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between digit length, digit (2D:4D) ratio and vitiligo among vitiligo patients within a south-southern Nigeria. Informed consents were obtained from 98 vitiligo adult subjects (69 females and 29 males) in the age range of 18 – 50 years. The measurements that were obtained were the digit lengths of second and fourth fingers for both hands using the digital vernier caliper. The mean and standard deviation values were calculated for all measurements. A Pearson correlation was used to analyse the relationship between the various measurements for both hands in the study. Results showed that the mean ± standard deviation of the various parameters for the female category. Right 2D length was 6.67± 7.53cm, left 2D length was 6.68 ± 7.32cm, right 4D length and left 4D length were 6.86 ± 8.57cm and 6.89 ± 8.50cm respectively. While, the mean and standard deviation values for right and left 2D:4D ratios for the female category were 0.98 ± 0.15 and 0.98 ± 0.12 respectively. In the males, right 2D length was 6.66 ± 9.66cm, left 2D length was 6.64 ± 9.86cm, right 4D length and left 4D length were 6.99 ± 10.09cm and 7.03± 10.40cm respectively. While, the mean and standard deviation values for right and left 2D:4D ratios for the male category were 0.95 ± 0.03 and 0.95 ± 0.03 respectively. In the females for the right hand, there was a significant positive correlation between 2D length and 4D length (r = 0.761, p = 0.000) while there was a significant negative correlation between 4D length and digit ratio (r = -0.473, p = 0.000) at p < 0.01. For the left hand, there was a significant positive correlation between 2D length and 4D length (r = 0.783, p = 0.000). In the males for the right hand, there was a significant positive correlation between 2D length and 4D length (r = 0.976, p = 0.000). For the left hand, there was a significant positive correlation between 2D length and 4D length (r = 0.981, p = 0.000).It can be concluded that the knowledge of 2D:4D ratio among vitiligosubjects could be helpful in clinical anthropometry however, more research has to be done considering that the sample size of this study is relatively small.

scholarly journals Digit Variability in Carotenoid Scores Obtained with the Veggie Meter: A Pilot Study (P02-001-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Velarie Ansu ◽  
Stephanie Dickinson ◽  
Alyce Fly
Keyword(s):  
Indiana University ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Abstract Objectives To determine which digit and hand have the highest and lowest skin carotenoid scores, to compare inter-and-intra-hand variability of digits, and to determine if results are consistent with another subject. Methods Two subjects’ first(F1), second(F2), third(F3) and fifth(F5) digits on both hands were measured for skin carotenoids with a Veggie Meter, for 3 times on each of 18 days over a 37-day period. Data were subjected to ANOVA in a factorial treatment design to determine main effects for hand (2 levels), digits (4), and days (18) along with interactions. Differences between digits were determined by Tukey's post hoc test. Results There were significant hand x digit, hand x day, digit x day, and hand x digit x day interactions and significant simple main effects for hand, digit, and day (all P < 0.001). Mean square errors were 143.67 and 195.62 for subject A and B, respectively, which were smaller than mean squares for all main effects and interactions. The mean scores ± SD for F1, F2, F3, and F5 digits for the right vs left hands for subject A were F1:357.13 ± 45.97 vs 363.74 ± 46.94, F2:403.17 ± 44.77 vs. 353.20 ± 44.13, F3:406.76 ± 43.10 vs. 357.11 ± 45.13, and F5:374.95 ± 53.00 vs. 377.90 ± 47.38. For subject B, the mean scores ± SD for digits for the right vs left hands were F1:294.72 ± 61.63 vs 280.71 ± 52.48, F2:285.85 ± 66.92 vs 252.67 ± 67.56, F3:268.56 ± 57.03 vs 283.22 ± 45.87, and F5:288.18 ± 34.46 vs 307.54 ± 40.04. The digits on the right hand of both subjects had higher carotenoid scores than those on the left hands, even though subjects had different dominant hands. Subject A had higher skin carotenoid scores on the F3 and F2 digits for the right hand and F5 on the left hand. Subject B had higher skin carotenoid scores on F5 (right) and F1 (left) digits. Conclusions The variability due to hand, digit, and day were all greater than that of the 3 replicates within the digit-day for both volunteers. This indicates that data were not completely random across the readings when remeasuring the same finger. Different fingers displayed higher carotenoid scores for each volunteer. There is a need to conduct a larger study with more subjects and a range of skin tones to determine whether the reliability of measurements among digits of both hands is similar across the population. Funding Sources Indiana University.

scholarly journals Realization of Low Profile Leaky Wave Antennas Using the Bending Technique for Frequency Scanning and Sensor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kandwal ◽  
Zedong Nie ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Louis W. Y. Liu ◽  
Ranjan Das
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leaky Wave ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Frequency Scanning ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ku Band

This paper proposes an efficient transmission line modulation by using the bending technique to realize low profile leaky wave antennas in the Ku-band for frequency scanning and sensor applications. The paper focuses mainly on the bending effects of the transmission line in terms of the sharpness of edges. The right-hand/left-hand transmission line can be designed in the form of zig-zag pattern with sharp corners and only the right-hand transmission line in the form of sinusoidal patterns with smooth corners. In this presentation, we demonstrate that transmission lines of this kind can be used to realize highly efficient leaky wave antennas with broadband impedance matching and high gain characteristics in the Ku-band. Dispersion analysis and ladder network analysis have been performed for investigating the performance of the proposed designs. The sharpness of the bends periodically distributed along the body of the antenna has been used to our advantage for frequency scanning in the left-hand and right-hand quadrants at different frequencies. The proposed bending technique has been proven to be instrumental in achieving the desired characteristics of low profile leaky wave antennas.

Handwriting, Typewriting and Handedness

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Provins ◽  
D. J. Glencross
Keyword(s):  
Performance Levels ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sides

The performance of two groups of 20 trained touch typists and one group of 20 nontypists was tested on seven different typewriting exercises. Three of these exercises were executed entirely with the right hand and three were completed using only the left. A comparison of performances of the two sides showed, for the typists, no differences between the sides or a difference in favour of the left hand; and for the non-typists, a difference between hands in favour of the right side in two of the three comparisons. A comparison of handwriting performance with the preferred and non-preferred hands was carried out on 80 subjects. Apart from a highly significant difference in performance between the sides in favour of the preferred hand, this task showed, as did the typewriting task, a marked positive correlation between the performance levels of the two sides. These findings are briefly discussed in relation to the training histories of the subjects.

scholarly journals Grass tetany in grazing milking cows.

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kemp ◽  
M.L. T Hart
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Statistical Investigation ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Cationic Composition ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Statistical investigation showed that correlation existed between the incidence of grass tetany and the mean 24-hr, temperature, particulary in spring and autumn. There was also a significant positive correlation between the K/(Ca and Mg) ratio in the grass and the incidence of tetany. During the spring and autumn, when the average temperatures were below 14 degrees C., an increase in K uptake by the herbage being grazed was associated with a rise in temperature, and was followed, after a 5-day time-lag, by an increase in the number of cases of tetany, if the critical value of K/(Ca + Mg) (2.2) was exceeded. A fall in temperature was followed by a fall in the ratio value and in tetany incidence. High summer temperatures were associated with a lower value for the ratio and only a few cases of tetany occurred. The results favour the theory that the relationship between temperature and the incidence of tetany is correlated with the cationic composition of the herbage grazed. [See Abs. 1013.]-From authors'summary. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

تمكين العاملين وعلاقته بتعزيز ثقافة الإنجاز: دراسة تطبيقية في بلدية دير البلح

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-160
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Relationship

الملخص : هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على تمكين العاملين وعلاقته بتعزيز ثقافة الإنجاز لدى العاملين في بلدية دير البلح. يتكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع العاملين في بلدية دير البلح والبالغ عددهم (117) عاملاً، وتم اختيار عينة الدراسة من جميع العاملين باستثناء قطاع الخدمات حيث بلغ عددهم (65) عاملاً. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة طورت استبانة لجمع البيانات، واستخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للتوصل إلى نتائج الدراسة والتي كان من أهمها: وجود علاقة طردية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تمكين العاملين وتعزيز ثقافة الانجاز لدى العاملين في بلدية دير البلح، وتوصي الباحثة بضرورة التنوع في أشكال تمكين العاملين المقدمة من قبل بلدية دير البلح (تفويض الصلاحيات، المعرفة والمعلومات، والتدريب والتطوير)، بالإضافة إلى الاهتمام بتطوير العاملين عن طريق منحهم برامج تدريبية تتميز بالحداثة وعدم التكرار. Abstract The study aimed to identify the relationship between empowerment of employees and the culture of achievement among the employees of the municipality of Deir al-Balah. The study population consisted of all the employees of the municipality of Deir al-Balah with a total number of (117) employees. The sample of the study included all the employees except those working in the service sector, with a total number of (65) employees. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was developed to collect the data, and the descriptive analytical method was used to reach the study results. The main results indicated the existence of a significant positive correlation between the empowerment of employees and the promotion of culture of achievement among the employees of the municipality of Deir al-Balah. The researcher recommends the need for a diversity in the ways of empowerment of employees provided by the municipality of Deir al-Balah (assignments of authorities, knowledge and information, training and development) in addition to building the capacity of the employees by offering them modern training programs with no repetition.

scholarly journals The second to fourth digit ratio: a measure of hand grip strength?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijli Nanda ◽  
Prajna Paramita Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Scanned Images ◽  
The Right

Background: The ratio of the lengths of the index and the ring finger (2D:4D ratio) is generally different between men and women. This has often been used as an indicator of the levels of prenatal androgen exposure. It has hence been suggested to have a role in many gender differences including performance in sports. Men generally outperform women in most physical abilities. However, reports in various studies have been inconclusive, depending upon the physical ability tested. Hand Grip Strength (HGS) is a good measure of overall strength of an individual. Hence, we decided to determine the relationship between 2D:4D and HGS of both hands in men and women.Methods: Scanned images of both hands of young volunteers were analysed and the 2D:4D ratio calculated. HGS was measured and results correlated with 2D:4D.Results: 2D:4D ratio of men was significantly less than of women for the right (p<0.001) and the left hand (p<0.001). HGS of men was significantly greater than that of women for the right (p<0.0001) and for the left hand (p<0.0001). 2D:4D ratio in men showed a weak but significant positive correlation with HGS of right(p<0.05) and left hand(p<0.05). A weak but significant positive correlation was also seen for the left hand in females. However, 2D:4D ratios did not show any significant correlation with HGS for the right hand in women.Conclusions: We conclude that 2D:4D ratio is a measure of Hand Grip Strength in men, but is not a robust measure of HGS in women.

Effects of ipsilateral and crossed eye-hand dominance on catching performance in prepubescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
M. Akif Ziyagil ◽  
Inci Kesilmiş ◽  
Nevzat Demirci ◽  
M. Melih Kesilmiş
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

This study investigates the effects of ipsilateral and crossed hand-eye dominance on one and both hands catching performance (OHCP and BHCP) in participants aged 10 to 13 years. The combined groups including hand and eye dominance consisted of right handed-right eyed (RHRE), right handed-left eyed (RHLE), left handed-left eyed (LHLE) and left handed-right eyed (LHRE), respectively. In this study the mean values were only higher in the favor of LHLE females in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 m distances. In other side, LHLE males had a higher mean values not only in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 meters but also in the right hand OHCP from 3 meters. No significant difference was observed in BHCP among four groups in both genders. In conclusion, ipsilateral handeye dominance is an advantage for OHCP compared to cross dominance. Also left side had an advantage compare to the right side in OHCP. Keywords: Hand dominance; physical activity; gender.

Content of Hepatic Reduced Glutathione in Chronic Alcoholic Patients: Influence of the Length of Abstinence and Liver Necrosis

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Videla ◽  
Hernán Iturriaga ◽  
María E. Pino ◽  
Daniel Bunout ◽  
Alfonso Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Chronic Alcoholic ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

1. The relationship between the content of hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) and the length of abstinence was investigated in 45 chronic alcoholic patients. 2. Hepatic GSH levels were significantly correlated (r = 0.58; P<0.001) with the length of alcohol withdrawal in the whole group. According to liver histology patients were divided into two groups, with and without hepatic necrosis. Subjects without necrosis showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.71; P<0.001) between GSH values and the length of abstinence; no correlation (r = −0.22; P<0.40) was observed in the group with necrosis. 3. According to the period of abstinence patients were separated into two groups, with a short (≪ 5 days) and a prolonged (> 5 days) alcohol withdrawal. Patients with and without necrosis exhibited comparable mean levels of liver GSH (2.04 ± sem 0.21 and 1.74 ± 0.23 μmol/g respectively; P<0.30) when studied after short periods of abstinence. Alcoholics without liver necrosis showed significantly higher hepatic GSH levels than those with necrosis (3.23 ± 0.30 and 1.60 ± 0.33 respectively; P < 0.01) after prolonged periods of alcohol withdrawal. Similar results were obtained when liver GSH levels were expressed as a function of the mean surface area of hepatocytes, which was not significantly different between patients with and without hepatic necrosis. 4. Parameters assessing the nutritional status of patients with and without necrosis were not significantly different. Steatosis, histologically scored and irrespective of the period of abstinence, was higher in patients with liver necrosis and it did not correlate with hepatic GSH (r = −0.17; not significant). Fibrosis was observed in 20 cases and it did not modify the positive correlation between liver GSH content and the period of abstinence (with fibrosis: r = 0.57; P < 0.01; without fibrosis: r = 0.58;P < 0.01). 5. The changes observed in liver GSH content might be of pathogenic importance in alcoholic liver disease through alterations in lipoperoxidative processes in the hepatocyte.

scholarly journals The correlation between leptin and highly sensitive C-reactive protein levels in obese children aged 9-15 years

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Warouw ◽  
Suryani As'ad ◽  
Satriono Satriono
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
The Mean

Background Obesity is a low level and chronic inflammatory condition predominantly affecting white adipose tissue, where macrophage infiltration is found. Leptin is one of many molecules relating obesity to cardiovascular disease. Leptin can increase cytokine production in macrophages and monocytes, and increase oxidative stress on endothelial cells. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, in turn, may trigger the release of C-reactive protein.Objective To examine the correlation between leptin and hsCRP in obese children aged 9-15 years.Methods This cross-sectional study was done in Manado from May to December 2009, on elementary and junior high school children. Subjects were obese children aged 9-15 years, with nutritional status detennined by Body Mass Index and converted into z-score. Physical examination, blood pressure, and blood examinations for  fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, leptin, and hsCRP were perfonned. Data were analyzed with appropriate statistical methods.Results The mean leptin level in obese children was 34,009.2 pgiL (SD 18,224.79), higher than that of the control, 7,760.9 pgiL (SD 8,859.55) (P<0.0001). The mean hsCRP level in obese children was 3.6 mgiL (SD 3.60), higher than that of the control, 0.7 mgiL (SD 1.32) (<0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation between leptin and hsCRP levels in obese children (r 􀀁 0.355; P<0.0001).Conclusions There is significant positive correlation between leptin and hsCRP levels in obese children aged 9-15 years. Increased leptin and hsCRP levels indicate a low degree of chronic inflammation. Thus, intervention is needed to decrease the body weight of obese children.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Bitcoin and Stock Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Sliding Window ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Window Technique ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyzes the relationship between Bitcoin and the stock market by using a vector autoregressive model. To enhance the impulse response signal, the Sliding Window technique is applied. Study results show the relationship between Bitcoin and the stock market. First, the S&P 500 has a relatively significant effect on Bitcoin, while the influence caused by the S&P 500 is weak. In addition, after involving the Sliding Window technique, the effects caused by the standard deviation of the S&P 500 and the mean of the Dow Jones are remarkably strong on the mean of Bitcoin and the standard deviation of the S&P 500 has a comparatively significant effect on the standard deviation of Bitcoin as well. Generally, the S&P 500 and the Dow Jones indexes have an advantageous effect on Bitcoin. Financial investment can be made based on this model and conclusion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document