scholarly journals Justification of integrated environmental and economic assessment of the impact actions in the field of oil and gas extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Matsenko ◽  
Olga Gramma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the welfare state, in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine is to ensure conditions for the growth of welfare of citizens. One of the major components in the well-being of civilized societies is to ensure that citizens and businesses the necessary energy. Energy development is the basis for enhancing the social and economic living standards of the population and competitiveness. The key to this goal should be a reliable, economically viable and environmentally sound needs of the population and the economy of energy products. It is important to identify the critical factors is a threat to the energy security of the national economy. The state of the energy sector of Ukraine is negatively affected by continued dependence on imports of Russian natural gas, petroleum products and fuel for power plants. Today such dependence on primary energy, including coal, has become a leverage to Ukraine on the part of the neighboring state. The loss of the fuel and energy complex, and areas for future development of hydrocarbon resources as a result of the annexation of the Crimea and the military operations in the east of the country, as well as the destruction of the oil and gas infrastructure in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, yielded additional new factors which significantly weakened the energy security of the country. Given the instability of strategic task for Ukraine, it is vital to achieve the highest possible level to ensure the economy’s own oil and gas resources, which, to a certain extent, will contribute to energy independence and savings of foreign exchange reserves of the country, as well as infrastructure development in the industry, tax revenues, creation of additional jobs.

The Role of Oil and Gas in the Economic Development of the Global Economy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas Producers ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Factor Inputs ◽  
The Impact

This chapter is concerned with the role of oil and gas in the economic development of the global economy. It focuses on the context in which established and newer oil and gas producers in developing countries must frame their policies to optimize the benefits of such resources. It outlines a history of the issue over the last twenty-five years. It considers oil and gas as factor inputs, their role in global trade, the role of oil prices in the macroeconomy and the impact of the geopolitics of oil and gas. It then considers various conventional views of the future of oil and gas in the primary energy mix. Finally, it challenges the drivers behind these conventional views of the future with an emphasis on why they may prove to be different from what is expected and how this may change the context in which producers must frame their policy responses.

scholarly journals Assessment of TPHs and PAHs in the Marine Sediment Relating to Oil and Gas Extraction activity on the western coastline of Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulali Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to assess the impact of petroleum and gas extraction activities on the pollution of coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentration of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 μg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 μg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA).

scholarly journals The Development of Electromobility in Poland and EU States as a Tool for Management of CO2 Emissions

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Tucki ◽  
Olga Orynycz ◽  
Antoni Świć ◽  
Mateusz Mitoraj-Wojtanek
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
European Union ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Car Market ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the dynamics of the development of the electromobility sector in Poland in the context of the European Union and due to the economic situation and development of the electromobility sector in the contexts of Switzerland and Norway. On the basis of obtained data, a forecast was made which foresees the most likely outlook of the electric car market in the coming years. The forecast was made using the creeping trend method, and extended up to 2030. As part of the analysis of the effect of the impact of electromobility, an original method was proposed for calculating the primary energy factor (PEF) primary energy ratio in the European Union and in its individual countries, which illustrates the conversion efficiency of primary energy into electricity and the overall efficiency of the power system. The original method was also verified, referring to the methods proposed by the Fraunhofer-Institut. On the basis of all previous actions and analyses, an assessment was made of the impact of the development of the electromobility sector on air quality in the countries studied. Carbon dioxide tank-to-wheels emission reductions which result from the conversion of the car fleet from conventional vehicles to electric motors were then calculated. In addition to reducing carbon dioxide emissions, other pollutant emissions were also calculated, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). The increase in the demand for electricity resulting from the needs of electric vehicles was also estimated. On this basis, and also on the basis of previously calculated primary energy coefficients, the emission reduction values have been adjusted for additional emissions resulting from the generation of electricity in power plants.

scholarly journals The impact of oil and gas facilities on land pollution in the Saratov Zavolzhye region

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Nina Anatolievna Pronko ◽  
Anastasia Sergeevna Krasheninnikova
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Processing Enterprise

The paper presents the data on the situation of the oil and gas complex of the Saratov region. It is shown that the Saratov region is a promising region for hydrocarbon production and one of the leaders in the Volga Federal district, since 85 % of the territory is occupied by oil and gas-promising lands. The structure of the oil and gas complex and the dynamics of production of hydrocarbons in the region are presented in the article. The paper describes the indicators of the oil and gas complex, background accident risks that determine environmental pollution. The results of monitoring the pollution of the territory of the largest in Europe Stepnovsky gas storage facility, created on the basis of the Stepnovsky oil and gas processing enterprise, which operated from 1953 to 1973, are given. It is proved that during the production and storage of hydrocarbons at this enterprise, there was a strong pollution of the soil with oil and petroleum products, so their content reaches 1527 mg/kg of soil in the upper half-meter layer, and 2060 mg/kg of soil in the second half-meter. The content of plumbum and copper in the soil is 3.3 and 2.3 times higher above the background values for dark chestnut soils. The accumulation of a significant amount of unsaturated hydrocarbons (C1-C10) in the subsurface air from 25.97 mg/m3 to 38.17 mg/m3 is proved. It is shown that the extraction and storage of hydrocarbons at the Stepnovsky enterprise did not lead to a deterioration of the sanitary and microbiological condition of the studied soil.

scholarly journals Oil and gas impacts on air quality in federal lands in the Bakken region: an overview of the Bakken Air Quality Study and first results

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (20) ◽  
pp. 28749-28792 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Prenni ◽  
D. E. Day ◽  
A. R. Evanoski-Cole ◽  
B. C. Sive ◽  
A. Hecobian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Federal Lands ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Quality Study ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Bakken formation contains billions of barrels of oil and gas trapped in rock and shale. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing methods have allowed for extraction of these resources, leading to exponential growth of oil production in the region over the past decade. Along with this development has come an increase in associated emissions to the atmosphere. Concern about potential impacts of these emissions on federal lands in the region prompted the National Park Service to sponsor the Bakken Air Quality Study over two winters in 2013–2014. Here we provide an overview of the study and present some initial results aimed at better understanding the impact of local oil and gas emissions on regional air quality. Data from the study, along with long term monitoring data, suggest that while power plants are still an important emissions source in the region, emissions from oil and gas activities are impacting ambient concentrations of nitrogen oxides and black carbon and may dominate recent observed trends in pollutant concentrations at some of the study sites. Measurements of volatile organic compounds also definitively show that oil and gas emissions were present in almost every air mass sampled over a period of more than four months.

scholarly journals The role of energy security in the element base of the industrial region innovative development

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 04055
Author(s):  
Valeri Kopein ◽  
Andrey Kopein ◽  
Tatjana Kostina ◽  
Elena Filimonova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Industrial Region ◽  
Commercial Accounting ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the peculiarities of the relationship between energy security and innovation processes in the industrial region. Systemized approaches to the methodology for calculating the level of financial security have been consolidated. It is concluded that it is appropriate to use an indicative method of energy security analysis as a classic epistemological variant of the study of the energy security phenomenon. As a result of the assessment of the energy security level of the Kemerovo (Kuzbass) region it is concluded that all indicators of energy security except a certain degree of depreciation of the fixed assets of the fuel and energy complex enterprises have acceptable pre-crisis values. According to the share of own sources in the balance of electricity, the disposable capacity of power plants and the capacity of the largest power plant in Kuzbass region is in the pre-crisis zone, which determines its energy independence. It is noted that the share of coal as the dominant fuel resource in the structure of fuel consumption is at the pre-crisis level. The energy supply is emphasized to cover not only the issues of production, supply of energy resources and availability of energy sources, but also the aspects of the ecology and energy resources accounting. This determines the necessity to adjust the methodology for determining the energy security. It is proposed to supplement the methodology of assessing the level of energy security with indicators that take into account the diversification of sources of electricity generation both as a main resource and the possibility of commercial accounting of electricity consumption. The statement about the impact of the innovation level of energy on the level of region energy security and the pace of innovation process is justified.

Capturing Carbon Dioxide: The Feasibility of Re-Using Existing Pipeline Infrastructure to Transport Anthropogenic CO2

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Seevam ◽  
Julia Race ◽  
Martin Downie ◽  
Julian Barnett ◽  
Russell Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Anthropogenic Co2 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Climate change has been attributed to green house gases, with carbon dioxide (CO2) being the main contributor. Sixty to seventy percent of carbon dioxide emissions originate from fossil fuel power plants. Power companies in the UK, along with oil and gas field operators, are proposing to capture this anthropogenic CO2 and either store it in depleted reservoirs or saline aquifers (carbon capture and storage, CCS), or use it for ‘Enhanced Oil Recovery’ (EOR) in depleting oil and gas fields. This would involve extensive onshore and offshore pipeline systems. The decline of oil and gas production of reservoirs beyond economic feasibility will require the decommissioning onshore and offshore facilities post-production. This creates a possible opportunity for using existing pipeline infrastructure. Conversions of pipelines from natural gas service to CO2 service for EOR have been done in the United States. However, the differing sources of CO2 and the differing requirements for EOR and CCS play a significant part in allowing the re-use of existing infrastructure. The effect of compositions, the phase of transportation, the original pipeline specifications, and also the pipeline route require major studies prior to allowing re-use. This paper will first review the requirements for specifying the purity of the CO2 for CCS and to highlight the implications that the presence of impurities and the current water specifications for pipelines has on the phase diagram and the associated physical properties of the CO2 stream. A ‘best’ and ‘worst’ case impurity specification will be identified. Then an analysis on the impact and subsequent validation, of equations of state based on available experimental data on the phase modelling of anthropogenic CO2 is presented. A case study involving an existing 300km gas pipeline in the National Transmission System (NTS) in the UK is then modelled, to demonstrate the feasibility of using this pipeline to transport anthropogenic CO2. The various issues involved for the selected ‘best’ and ‘worst’ case specification are also covered. This is then followed by an investigation of the options for transport in the ‘gas’ phase and ‘supercritical’ phases, and also identifying the limitations on re-using pipeline infrastructure for CCS.

Fiscal incentives promoting REEE measures in Trinidad and Tobago

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-213
Author(s):  
Zaffar Khan ◽  
Kathryn Siriram ◽  
Kyren Greigg
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
The Government

Purpose – Dependence on foreign energy supplies have resulted in some islands successfully harnessing alternative and renewable energy (RE) sources in order to provide a small degree of self-sufficiency. However, the development of Trinidad and Tobago's (T&T's) RE industry has stagnated largely due to the existence of substantial energy subsidies, which present cheap fuel and electricity prices thus providing a disincentive to RE investment. The purpose of this paper is to seek to re-enforce the necessity for an indissoluble government intervention in the establishment of well-designed, coordinated and innovative public-private partnerships for a successful RE industry in T&T. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on a review of relevant social and economic literary sources; the research topic has been meticulously investigated. Findings – Initial outcomes indicate that the principal facilitators of RE proliferation in the Caribbean, and more so T&T, will require: gradual reduction of the energy subsidy; declining project costs via fiscal incentives and grant financing; expectation of beneficial rates of return on investment through the guarantee of optimal prices for renewable electricity or the revenue gained from the sale of carbon credits; and capacity building, institutional strengthening and implementation of appropriate legislative and regulatory instruments which provide open access to the national grid. Research limitations/implications – With the exception of T&T, Caribbean nations are heavily dependent on oil and gas imports to meet their primary energy requirements. The investigation conducted has limited documentation on cases of a similar nature within the region. The outcome of the steps identified above are based on conjecture using information gained from international situations. Practical implications – The study helps clarify the crucial role of T&T's government in the successful development of the RE industry. Resources and earnings should be used to develop T&T's infant RE industry and hence reduce the carbon footprint of the nation. Originality/value – Past attempts by the government to promote RE an energy efficiency in T&T have been passive and prevaricated. In addition to outlining the existing fiscal initiatives available to the population, this paper provides short-, medium- and long-term recommendations for the sustainability of RE in T&T. While subsidy reform, among others, poses a challenge it is nonetheless imperative if T&T is to move forward. With the abundance of solar, wind and waste-to-energy resources there is great potential for a successful RE industry in T&T. More than just policy will be required to drive change; greater commitment by the government to ensure the sustainability and economic viability of T&T while also attempting to alter the mindset of the citizenry to act as effective stewards of the island's resources for the well-being of future generations.

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