scholarly journals BUKU PANDUAN PENGKAFIRAN: Evaluasi Kritis Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān karya Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Ismail Fahmi Arrauf Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Theological Schools ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theological Thought

<p class="Iabstrak"><strong>Abstract</strong>: <em>The aim of this article is to critically evaluate the thought of Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī, particularly his thought in Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān. The book contained his accusation of others as being a kafir. This Indian origin theologian explained the history of religions from the times of Adam to the times of Jesus. He claimed that those pre-Islamic religion had perverted. He discussed also Islamic theological schools such as Rafidi, Khawarij, Jabbariyah, Qadariyah, Jahmiyah, Murji'ah and Karamiyah. He said that those schools are perverted as well. According to him, only Ahl al-Sunnah wa ’l-jamā’ah is the right theology. He also discussed various ideologies and the practices of mysticism that have ever grown and claimed that those are perverted too, except the akhlaqi tasawwuf. This article reviews the historical background of Aceh chronically till this "guidance book of takfir" come into existence. For that cause, the content of Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyānwill is discussed in brief. Finally, the theological thought of al-Ranīrī regarding the unity of being. The article focuses on the criticism over the attack of al-Ranīrī against the concept of the unity of being held by Hamzah Fansūrī and Shams al-Dīn al-Sumatranī.</em></p><strong>Abstrak</strong>: Tulisan ini bertujuan melakukan evaluasi kritis atas pemikiran Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī, khususnya dalam bukunya <em>Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān. </em>Dalam buku tersebut dia mengkafirkan banyak pihak. Teolog asal India itu mengulas sejarah agama-agama sejak Adam hingga Isa al-Masih. Dia mengatakan agama-agama tersebut telah menjadi agama yang sesat setelah Islam muncul. Selanjutnya dia membahas aliran-aliran teologi seperti Rafidi, Khawarij, Jabariyah, Qadariyah, Jamamiyah, Murji’ah dan Karamiyah. Dia mengatakan semua aliran teologi ter­sebut adalah sesat. Menurutnya aliran yang benar hanya Ahl al-Sunnah wa ’l-Jamā’ah. Selanjutnya dia mengulas berbagai itikad dan praktik mistisme yang pernah berkembang dan mengatakan semua itu sesat kecuali aliran tasawuf akhlaqi. Tulisan ini mengulas tentang latar belakang Aceh secara kronologis hingga “buku panduan pengkafiran” tersebut hadir. Selanjutnya diulas secara ringkan isi <em>Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān. </em>Terakhir dilakukan evaluasi kritis atas pandangan teologis al-Ranīrī tentang <em>Waḥdat al-Wujūd</em>. Tulisan ini berfokus pada kritik atas serangan al-Ranīrī terhadap pemikiran <em>Waḥdat al-Wujūd</em> yang dipegang oleh Hamzah Fansūrī dan Shams al-Dīn al-Sumatranī.

scholarly journals Argentine Concordat as an International Agreement Regulating the Law of Patronage

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Marta Zuzanna Osuchowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

In the history of relations between the Argentinean government and the Holy See, two ideas are permanently intertwined: signing the Concordat and defending national patronage. The changes that occurred in the 1960s indicated that exercising the right of patronage, based on the principles outlined in the Constitution, was impossible, and the peaceful establishment of the principles of bilateral relations could only be indicated through an international agreement. The Concordat signed by Argentina in 1966 removed the national patronage, but the changes to the content of the Constitution were introduced only in 1994. The aim of the study is to show the concordat agreement concluded in 1966 by Argentina with the Holy See as an example of an international agreement. The main focus is the presentation of concordat standards for the institution of patronage. Due to the subject and purpose of the study, the work uses methods typical of social sciences in the legal science discipline. The dogmatic-legal method is the basis for consideration of the Concordat as a source of Argentine law, and as an auxiliary method, the historical-legal method was used to show the historical background of the presented issue.

scholarly journals Lexical and stylistic features of Olesya Mamchych’ poetry for children

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Olha Novodvorchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Art ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
History Of ◽  
Century Poetry ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selective Analysis

The article deals with the consideration of lexical and stylistic features of poems for children of the modern writer O. Mamchych. The study contains a selective analysis of the poetry of the writer, which reveals the peculiarities of modeling the poetry of different genres (in the form of small folklore genres and contemporary lyrics), the use of a mix of traditional and contemporary images, allusions to the works of oral folk art and works of classical literature for children. The article covers the plot, thematic and ideological content of poetry. The author analyzes the peculiarities of the sound organization of poetic speech by O. Mamchych, the linguistic and stylistic instruments of the artist. The writer finds the right rhymes, builds the original soundtrack of the poem using the play of sounds. Most of the writer's works are full of alliteration, sensations, anaphors and epiphora. Such verbal music fascinates the reader. The lexical means of expressing the poetry language of O. Mamchych reflect the moods of the modern world, modern Ukraine and the child of the future. The writer uses colloquial vocabulary, novelties and historicisms in her composition. The poem «Kozak» perfectly illustrates O. Mamchych's ability to use historicism and colloquial vocabulary. The author basing on the traditions and history of the Ukrainian people builds a lively story about a little boy, a Cossack, who fights with foreigners. The linguistic features of the poetry of the writer reveal her artistic skill. Bright epithets, metaphors, comparisons convey all the beauty of the poetic word of Olesya Mamchych to the reader. The artistic word of the writer is to move the reader, to influence on his feelings, to encourage him to be kinder, to study the history and culture of the Ukrainian people, and to keep up with the times. The work of O. Mamchych is constantly in harmony with the past and the present. It relies on traditional artistic images to create new ones. The writer opens familiar images in a new way in many compositions. The master of the poetic word builds an invisible bridge of understanding between the reader and the author by the allusions to the works of oral folk art and works of classical literature for children. The article gives the confirmation that O. Mamchych's poetry is not only aesthetic, but also linguo-didactic, because it contributes to the linguistic formation (lexical, phonetic and grammatical) and speech competences (artistic speech, cognitive speech, emotional) of a child. The research gives an opportunity to understand the model of the O. Mamchych world, to find out the basic mechanisms of the 21st century poetry image formation for preschool children.

Part II The Right to Know, A General Principles, Principle 3 The Duty to Preserve Memory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viebach Julia
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Truth Commissions ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
History Of ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Transitional Processes ◽  
The Right

Principle 3 is concerned with the duty to preserve memory, which falls under the rubric of ‘the right to know’. This principle recognizes the role of collective memory in transitional processes, attests to a people’s right to know ‘the history of its oppression’ as part of its heritage, and calls upon the state’s duty to preserve archives and other evidence. This chapter first provides a historical background and an overview of the contemporary context in which Principle 3 is applied before outlining its normative framework, focusing on case law and truth commissions. It also analyzes the applications of the Principle in practice and argues that the duty to preserve memory has only implicitly been addressed under either symbolic reparations in truth-seeking processes or under satisfaction in jurisprudence. It contends that this approach over-simplifies the collective and societal level and neglects the dangers and complexity of memorialization in transitional contexts.

scholarly journals BOOK REVIEW : PANCASILA DASAR NEGARA PARIPURNA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Raisza Putri ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
State And Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Life ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right

Book Pancasila Dasar Negara Paripurna is the work of Prof. Dr. Tukiran Taniredja, MM and Prof. Dr. Suyahmo, M.Si. that was written to commemorate and make all Indonesian people aware of the importance of Pancasila as the basis of life of the nation, state, and society. In addition, this book is intended to complete Pancasila as the permanent foundation of the state for the Indonesian nation. This book is presented so that the Indonesian people, especially the millennial generation, can continue the life of the Indonesian people per the precepts of the Pancasila and apply life with Pancasila values as the basis of the Indonesian state. This book was also prepared with the aim of anticipating several phenomena and new ideologies that has entered Indonesia that are incompatible with the Pancasila Ideology after the Reformation Era. Pancasila as the foundation of a complete state should not be forgotten. The current millennial generation is more interested in ideologies from foreign countries that are not following the basis of our country, so this is an important reminder for the millennial generation of the impacts of these foreign ideologies. This book also contains a lot about the 1945 Constitution which hopes that the Indonesian people remember the regulations in it and do not conflict with these regulations.Book Pancasila Dasar Negara Paripurna is aimed at all Indonesian people, especially the millennial generation, who are the generation that will preserve the values of Pancasila. Due to the development of the times, the millennial generation has forgotten the Pancasila ideology as the basis of the Indonesian state. Pancasila now seems to be only a small part of the history of the Indonesian nation because many people do not follow the values of Pancasila and choose other ideologies. In democratic and political life, many people today make Pancasila the fault of all the problems and failures of national and state life. If Pancasila is interpreted and implemented correctly, Pancasila is a solution to the problems and failure of the state in carrying out Indonesian constitutionality.Information about the importance of Pancasila in state, social and national life is presented in a very complete manner. Pancasila is the basis of the state which still cannot be changed or replaced by other ideologies. Apart from being irreversible, Pancasila is the right ideology for Indonesia because the values in Pancasila reflect the customs and culture of the Indonesian people. Pancasila is suitable for a pluralistic society. Indonesia consists of islands that vary from Sabang to Merauke. From these islands, there are significant differences. However, the existence of Pancasila makes it easier for the Indonesian nation to unite and respect each other's differences. In addition, Pancasila is considered the right ideology because Pancasila is the basis for Indonesian society to solve state problems. Pancasila also has high values of democracy and justice, therefore a democratic society that values of human rights can be implemented more easily.The book has many benefits and this review is important. This is because the millennial generation today are increasingly contradicting and forgetting the Pancasila ideology. This book is presented with relevant purposes to overcome the problems of state, national and social life in this era of development. The noble values of Pancasila, which have been forgotten and lost from state life, are beginning to require the revitalization and actualization of Pancasila to be achieved as well as possible. All Indonesian people and millennial generation need to know and interpret Pancasila properly from an early age so that they can continue their constitutional life following the country's foundation, the nation's outlook on life, and the complete national personality.

scholarly journals A Theological Assessment of the Covenant between Judas Maccabeus and Rome: an Intertextual Analysis of 1 Macc 8:17–20

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Janusz Nawrot
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
The Political ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Evaluation ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Success

What was the biblical interpretation of the Jews’ conduct in the final stage of the history of Israel in the context of the Law of Moses right before the times of the New Testament? The proposed exegesis of 1 Macc 8:17–20, which describes the covenant between Judas Maccabeus and the Roman republic, strives to discover the theological evaluation of the behavior of the revolt’s leader conducted by the author of the book. The intertextual method is particularly helpful in discovering the right understanding of the text. This method enables one to purposefully combine the expressions found in the consecutive verses with the same expressions found in the earlier biblical books. The theology that underlies these books will reveal the right sense of the studied passage of 1 Macc. It turns out that the theological evaluation is totally different than the political evaluation, the latter being solely taken into consideration in historical-literary analyses and commentaries. The biblical author has a restrained stance toward the political success of the Maccabees. He wants to reveal their conduct in the context of the Lord’s Law, which strongly proves that the First Book of Maccabees should belong to the canon of the inspired texts.

scholarly journals The Work Of Sohfi Allahyar "Sabot Ul - Ojizin" Is In Harmony With Today's Times

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Khimmatova Zarina Akhtamovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Common People ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The People ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The article analyzes the solidarity of “Sabot ul – ojizin's” work with the present period, which took an important place in the history of Uzbek enlightenment in the second half of the XVII century and the beginning of the XVIII century in Central Asia, the major representative of the Naqshbandian sect, Sofi Allahyar's "Sabot ul – ojizin". The work of sohfi Allahyar "Sabot ul - ojizin" is a work created due to the spiritual need of his time. The main purpose of the creation of the work is to educate the perfect person, to strive for the perfection of the individual. It is up to the people to start them on the right path by revealing the Enlightenment of the Islamic religion, to encourage them not to fall under the influence of the ideas of the memorization of different currents and fanatic groups. In the article, the work studied the socio – philosophical views aimed at starting the people on the right path, and in turn revealed that at that time for material benefit, he was struggling with enlightenment, occupying the minds of the common people and distributing various superstitious teachings. The article analyzes the ideas put forward in the work" Sabot ul – ojizin", the philosophical views, the solidarity of such enlightened views as leading the people towards perfection with today's times.

scholarly journals E-10 A study on Educating through Media in Islamic Education Perspective in Higher Education in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Asif Nadeem ◽  
Haseeb Waraich
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Educational Media ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Source Of Information

Advances in science and technology are motivating the teachers to use technology in the teaching process. Teaching through media technology seemed to enhance capabilities among learners. The educational media used should be adapted to the development and demands of the times. Using the right educational media in the process of learning to teach will make it easier to attain learning goals. The purpose of this article is to describe modern educational media used in this technological age and compare it with those that were used in Islamic education system since the initial days of spread of religion Islam. The research method used in this discussion is descriptive. The result attained form this discussion seemed to identify that in the early days of the spread of Islam, the educational media was used for the enhancement of teaching and teaching process and these technological medias were used by the by the Messenger of Allah, the Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم). The Holy Prophet Muhammad ((صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) used media while teaching the knowledge and rules of Islamic religion to the holy companions (صحابہ رضوان اللہ علیہ). In addition, in the hadith حدیت مبارکہ)) there are several terms used to indicate the use of educational media in learning, such as pictures, gravel, and fingers hands. The conclusion of this article is that the educational media seemed to influence learning aptitude of the learners. The use of media technology appeared to be inevitable for complete and accurate learning process. Media is an impactful and credible learning source of information to get the end result in the learning process.

scholarly journals Enfrentar las estructuras de opresión: sumisión, resiliencia y resistencia en Los ojos más azules y El color púrpura.

Sincronía ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol XXV (79) ◽  
pp. 345-369
Author(s):  
Ida María Ayala Rodríguez ◽  
◽  
Cristina Amalia Gavilla Lundeg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alice Walker ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bluest Eye ◽  
The Color Purple ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
Color Purple

This paper focuses on and compares several aspects of the novels The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison and The Color Purple by Alice Walker. This analysis is preceded by a brief historical background of the times when the action of the novels take place, necessary to understand the history of racial discrimination and the prejudices that sustain this discrimination to our days. The discursion shows the main female characters reacting towards the different forms of oppression and to the systematic suppression of the necessary conditions for the normal development of their self- esteem as human beings. The self-esteem of some of them is so low that they cannot recover; others rise and are able to recover their lost self-esteem. We conclude that the lives of the characters in The Bluest Eye were influenced by racial, social and patriarchal prejudices, prevented from material advancement, and in some cases, how their expectations for a better life were crushed in the end leading them into catastrophic events. In The Color Purple, characters are able to overcome the effects of oppression with the help of the solidarity of women and their personalities can survive almost intact. Thus they show resilience in the face of adversity.

scholarly journals Typeface "Garuda Batik" sebagai Duta Budaya Indonesia

Artika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Natalia Hasti Lumenta
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Visual Communication Design ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
Universal Nature

The discovery of artifacts writings on various historical relics prove that typography has accompanied the development of human civilization and be a liaison between the times . Naturally, if the typography is referred to as a reliable means of communication because it is able to survive for centuries in establishing universal human interaction . The emergence of thousands of fonts and " experimental typography " on various types of media indicate that the function of typography as the expanding literacy has become the object of an experimental and artistic expression . Discretion of the function used to create a typeface that represents local knowledge of Javanese culture that was adapted from the classic batik motifs Garuda Yogyakarta style of the interior . Value mythical eagle valuable and unique artistic value of scratches batik canting an inspiration in the creation of the typeface Garuda Batik . The figure of the eagle that had accompanied the history of the Indonesian nation is at once the spirit of the nation's cultural heritage that should be preserved. Universal nature of typography is the right solution to communicate the values contained in the motif of Garuda in the global arena . Typeface Garuda Batik able to adapt to the lifestyle of modern society through its applications in various types of media , techniques , and visual styles are up to date . Typeface Batik Garuda is also a tangible manifestation of nationalism human visual communication design to create a national paradigm design work.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERPRETATION OF QUR AN AN-NAHL VERSE 91 AND HISTORY OF PROPHET LEADERSHIP RELATED TO THE TRUST OF LEADERS WITH MEN AND WOMEN IN PERSPECTIVE CHOOSING ELECTIONS IN THE TANJUNG DISTRICT EAST JAVA

TRANSFORMATIF ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
Muhammad Niamulloh ◽  
Abdul Muhid
Keyword(s):  
Men And Women ◽  
Community Or ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times

Islamic religion with the most adherents in Indonesia. As a religion, Islam always answers and suits the needs of the times. How Islam is a religion that regulates the whole concept of humanity in goodness. In a more privacy-based scope of benefit, namely the election of leaders, is also governed by Islam. In the concept of leadership, Islam also explains in the Qur'an and the Hadith by narrating the history of the prophets when leading their people, or other figures such as the king of Zulkwarna or others. It should be underlined, it can be seen that implicitly, Islam appoints men to lead, this is a tradition later on and until now. This is the question, how does Islam appoint men to be leaders? Is it because of trust. In this discourse, the writer deliberately seeks to know whether this tradition is realized by the community, or only sees from another paradigm. This background is applied through research in TanjungJabung Timur, Jambi Province. In order to measure how much the enthusiasm of this tradition is applied or abandoned by the community. 

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