scholarly journals High flux membrane based on in-situ formation of zirconia layer coated the polyethersulfone substrate for ions separation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chabi Noël Worou ◽  
Jing Kang ◽  
Eric A. Alamou ◽  
Arcadius Degan ◽  
Pengwei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Multivalent Ions ◽  
Thin Film Layer ◽  
In Situ Formation

Abstract A flawless, extremely loose, and efficient for multivalent ions separation membrane has been successfully synthesized by the in-situ formation approach. The as-synthesized nanofiltration (NF) membrane, NF_PES-Zr, proceeded from a thin film layer of nanoparticles (NPs) zirconium coated the platform of polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane through a bio-glue made from dopamine hydrochloric and sodium bicarbonate buffer. The estimation of the average pore size of the novel organic-inorganic NF membrane NF_PES-Zr using the filtration velocity approach of GUEROUT-ELFORD-FERRY was close to 0.9 nm. NF_PES-Zr membrane holds a record in permeate water flux release of about 62.5 L.m–2.h–1 and was revealed to be effective for multivalent ions separation. A 5 days-test performed on NF_PES-Zr demonstrated its long-term stability and showed a rejection rate of 93.4% and 37.8% respectively for Ca2+ and Na+.

scholarly journals Euler’s Numerical Method for Ions Rejection Reassessment of a Defect-Free Synthesized Nanofiltration Membrane with Ultrathin Titania Film as the Selective Layer

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chabi Noël Worou ◽  
Jing Kang ◽  
Jimin Shen ◽  
Arcadius Degan ◽  
Pengwei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Method ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Experimental Findings

Titanium (Ti) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully seeded on the platform of a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane previously coated with bio-glue (a co-deposition of dopamine hydrochloric bicarbonate buffer having undergone pyrocatechol deprotonation). The tools in vogue, especially field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), have made it possible to fully characterize the structure of the new organic-inorganic nanofiltration (NF) membrane, namely NF_PAN_Ti. A soft computing model has been applied to make commonplace the complex and implicit extended Nernst–Planck equations that govern the transport of ions through NF membranes. Euler’s numerical method was applied with a small step-size and the results obtained were very interesting. The filtration velocity approach of GUEROUT-ELFORD-FERRY helped to estimate the average pore size of NF_PAN_Ti to rp = 0.538 nm. A six-day test carried out on NF_PAN_Ti demonstrated its long-term stability and showed a steady-rejection rate of 89.3% of MgCl2 salt and permeate flux of 56 L·m−2·h−1. The Euler’ numerical method corroborated perfectly the experimental findings since the relative error was found to be very low at 0.33% for Cl− and 0.09% for Mg2+ (RE << 0.1). These practical prediction tools may henceforth help in the choice and calibration of next-generation NF membranes’ synthesis.

Reduction of bioaccessibility of As in soil through in situ formation of amorphous Fe oxides and its long-term stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 745 ◽  
pp. 140989
Author(s):  
Jinhee Park ◽  
Jinsung An ◽  
Hyeonyong Chung ◽  
Sang Hyun Kim ◽  
Kyoungphile Nam
Keyword(s):  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
In Situ Formation

The Preparation of High-Strength and Micropore Lightweight Bauxite Aggregate by In Situ Polymerization and Decomposition

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 2135-2139
Author(s):  
Yi Neng Fang ◽  
Hua Zhi Gu ◽  
Yun Sheng Fen ◽  
Lin Jun Wang ◽  
Yan Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Aluminium Hydroxide ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Pore Former ◽  
Average Pore

High-strength and micropore lightweight bauxite aggregate was fabricated by low grade raw bauxite powder, aluminium hydroxide powder and organic polymer (OP). OP was used as consolidator, binder and pore former and aluminium hydroxide was used as pore former. The influence of OP and aluminium hydroxide content on the property of the samples was studied. The phase composition and the microstructure of the sintered samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and the pore size distribution was measured by mercury porosimety. The results demonstrate that the bulk density of the samples decreases linearly and the apparent porosity of the samples increases gradually with the addition of OP. The lowest density reached 1.13g/cm3when adding 35% OP and 10% Al(OH)3. The average pore size is around 5μm, and increases with the addition of OP increased. The XRD showed the main phase of the sample is mullite and some little amount of corundum.

scholarly journals Fabrication, Optimization, and Performance of a TiO2 Coated Bentonite Membrane for Produced Water Treatment: Effect of Grafting Time

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izrin Mohamad Esham ◽  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

The main problem usually faced by commercial ceramic membranes in the treatment of produced water (PW) is low water flux even though ceramic membrane was well-known with their excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. In the process of minimizing the problem faced by commercial ceramic membranes, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites, which synthesized via a sol-gel method, were deposited on the active layer of the hydrolysed bentonite membrane. This paper studied the influence of grafting time of TiO2 nanocomposite on the properties and performance of the coated bentonite membranes. Several characterizations, which are Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle, porosity, and average pore size, were applied to both pristine and coated bentonite membranes to compare the properties of the membranes. The deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the coated bentonite membranes was successfully confirmed by the characterization results. The pure water flux performance showed an increment from 262.29 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (pristine bentonite membrane) to 337.05 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 30) and 438.33 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 60) as the grafting time increase but when the grafting time reached 90 min (Ti-Ben 90), the pure water flux was decreased to 214.22 L h−1 m−² bar−1 which is lower than the pristine membrane. The oil rejection performance also revealed an increase in the oil rejection performance from 95 to 99%. These findings can be a good example to further studies and exploit the advantages of modified ceramic membranes in PW treatment.

In situ formation of CsPbBr3/ZnO bulk heterojunctions towards photodetectors with ultrahigh responsivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (45) ◽  
pp. 12164-12169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalong Shen ◽  
Chao Wei ◽  
Lianbo Ma ◽  
Shalong Wang ◽  
Xiong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Heterojunctions ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Imaging Capability ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
In Situ Formation

A solution-processed hybrid photodetector based on in situ formed CsPbBr3/ZnO bulk heterojunctions exhibited ultrahigh responsivity, long-term stability and desirable imaging capability.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Thermal Polymerizable Alginate-GMA Hydrogel for Cell Encapsulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokun Wang ◽  
Tong Hao ◽  
Jing Qu ◽  
Changyong Wang ◽  
Haifeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Encapsulation ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Alginate is a negative ionic polysaccharide that is found abundantly in nature. Calcium is usually used as a cross-linker for alginate. However, calcium cross-linked alginate is used only forin vitroculture. In the present work, alginate was modified with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to produce a thermal polymerizable alginate-GMA (AA-GMA) macromonomer. The molecular structure and methacrylation (%DM) of the macromonomer were determined by1H NMR. After mixing with the correct amount of initiator, the AA-GMA aqueous solution can be polymerized at physiological temperature. The AA-GMA hydrogels exhibited a three-dimensional porous structure with an average pore size ranging from 50 to 200 μm, directly depending on the macromonomer concentration. Biocompatibility of the AA-GMA hydrogel was determined byin vivomuscle injection and cell encapsulation. Muscle injectionin vivoshowed that the AA-GMA solution mixed with initiator could form a hydrogelin situand had a mild inflammatory effect. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were encapsulated in the AA-GMA hydrogelsin situat 37°C. Cell viability and proliferation were unaffected by macromonomer concentrations, which suggests that AA-GMA has a potential application in the field of tissue engineering, especially for myocardial repair.

scholarly journals Runge–Kutta Numerical Method Followed by Richardson’s Extrapolation for Efficient Ion Rejection Reassessment of a Novel Defect-Free Synthesized Nanofiltration Membrane

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Chabi Noël Worou ◽  
Jing Kang ◽  
Jimin Shen ◽  
Pengwei Yan ◽  
Weiqiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Multivalent Ions ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Richardson’S Extrapolation ◽  
Runge Kutta ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Adaptive Step

A defect-free, loose, and strong layer consisting of zirconium (Zr) nanoparticles (NPs) has been successfully established on a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration substrate by an in-situ formation process. The resulting organic–inorganic nanofiltration (NF) membrane, NF-PANZr, has been accurately characterized not only with regard to its properties but also its structure by the atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. A sophisticated computing model consisting of the Runge–Kutta method followed by Richardson extrapolation was applied in this investigation to solve the extended Nernst–Planck equations, which govern the solute particles’ transport across the active layer of NF-PANZr. A smart, adaptive step-size routine is chosen for this simple and robust method, also known as RK4 (fourth-order Runge–Kutta). The NF-PANZr membrane was less performant toward monovalent ions, and its rejection rate for multivalent ions reached 99.3%. The water flux of the NF-PANZr membrane was as high as 58 L · m−2 · h−1. Richardson’s extrapolation was then used to get a better approximation of Cl− and Mg2+ rejection, the relative errors were, respectively, 0.09% and 0.01% for Cl− and Mg2+. While waiting for the rise and expansion of machine learning in the prediction of rejection performance, we strongly recommend the development of better NF models and further validation of existing ones.

Preparation and Characterization of the Tubular Ceramic Membrane of Tin Dioxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Yun Gu ◽  
Juan Lin ◽  
Wei Qing Han ◽  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Lian Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux

In this work, tin dioxide was chosen to make tubular ceramic membrane. The morphology was characterized by SEM, XRD and Poremaster. The SEM analysis reveals that the distribution of membrane pore is uniform. The average pore size is 2 μm. Pure water flux is 5.26 m3Superscript text•m-2•h-1 at 0.1 Mpa. Porosity of tin dioxide membrane is 40%.

scholarly journals Aqueous-Mediated Synthesis and Characterization of Gelatin Methacryloyl for Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 6269-6279
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer ◽  
Wide Range

In recent years, gelatin methacryloy¬l (GelMA)-based hydrogels have been widely used in many biomedical applications, particularly tissue engineering, due to their biocompatibility and tunable physicochemical, mechanical, and other functional properties. Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or carbonate-bicarbonate buffer are frequently used to make GelMA. In this article, the authors provide an elegant aqueous-mediated synthesis and characterization of GelMA. The experimental conditions were optimized and extensively discussed. The results of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of GelMA with characteristic absorption peaks and chemical functional groups. The morphological analysis done with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the porous nature of the GelMA with an average pore size of 80 microns. It was also found that the gelation properties of aqueous-mediated GelMA hydrogel were highly tunable by varying the percentage of gel concentration, which yields a wide range of tunable physicochemical properties. The preparation of this kind of aqueous-mediated GelMA is cost-effective compared to their counterparts and easy to prepare in laboratory settings with high yield under optimal conditions.

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Properties of TiO2/Ti Composite Membranes Prepared by In Situ Oxidation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Dongqiang Zhang ◽  
Na Su ◽  
Yingwen Ma ◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
Hongwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Oxidation Time ◽  
Oxidation Temperature ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
In Situ Oxidation ◽  
Preparation Conditions

TiO2 membranes were prepared on porous Ti supports through the in situ oxidation method. The effects of oxygen concentration, oxidation temperature, and oxidation time on the thickness, pore size, and microstructure of the prepared TiO2 membrane were investigated. The results showed that with increasing oxygen concentration, oxidation temperature, and oxidation time, the thickness of the prepared TiO2 membrane gradually increased, and the pore diameter gradually decreased. The optimum preparation conditions were—oxygen concentration was N2:O2 = 2:1, oxidation temperature was 800 ℃, and oxidation time was 60 min. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite membranes had a flat and smooth surface, uniform thickness, and only a rutile TiO2 characteristic peak formed on the surface of the membrane. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite membrane had a narrow pore size distribution, and the average pore size was about 0.312 μm. In addition, the prepared TiO2/Ti composite membranes showed an excellent stability.

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