Treatment of Alkaline Wastewater from Lignite-Fired Power Plants

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej M Dziubek ◽  
Apolinary L Kowal
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Given are characteristics of, and treatment methods for, alkaline wastewaters from the hydrotransport of the fly ash from a lignite-fired power plant. The principal component of the fly ash is CaO. The impact of this type of waste on the aquatic environment is considered. Two treatment procedures are tested - CO2 recarbonation and aeration. The aeration of alkaline wastewaters yields good treatment efficiencies, bringing about the precipitation of calcium carbonate. Determined is the relationship between the duration of the treatment process and the chemical composition of the wastewater, as well as the aeration time required to achieve the desired decrease of the alkalinity and pH levels.

Understanding Learning Environments, Personality, and Proctoring During Mandatory Remote Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 767-770
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Campus Housing ◽  
Learning Success ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

To evaluate students’ online learning environments, the relationship between personality and online learning success, and students’ perceptions about online proctoring during mandatory remote delivery due to the pandemic, students responded to an online survey. Learning environments generally included houses and rarely included on-campus housing. The specific room type was predominantly the bedroom. Only conscientiousness was related positively to anticipated semester GPA. The positive relationship between anticipated and overall GPA supports the notion that more conscientious students tend to be successful in online learning situations, as online education was rated as slightly ineffective. A majority of students did not see a need for online proctoring due to the inability or time required to search for materials, which would only harm one’s performance. There is a need to research further the impact of the study environment, relationship of the students’ personality to learning success, and consequences of online proctoring during remote learning.

scholarly journals The Impact of Coal Fly Ash Purification on Its Antibacterial Activity

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Seham Alterary ◽  
Narguess H. Marei
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Laser Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Impact

Fly ash (FA) is produced from coal power plants’ combustion. FA is used in the concrete industry, as an ingredient in the brick and paving. Knowledge of the chemical composition and toxic metal content in FA is essential for evaluating its environmental risks. This study aimed to assess FA purification effect on its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus, by calculating percent bacterial reduction. Moreover, centrifugation time effect on the purification process was evaluated. Chemical composition and properties of purified FA were determined and compared with raw FA, using Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR); X-ray diffraction (XRD); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); energy-dispersive X-ray (EDXA); carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHNS) elemental analysis; moisture content; and loss-of-ignition. Particle size was predicted by using dynamic laser scattering, BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CHNS results showed that purified FA contains the highest carbon content (88.9%), as compared to raw FA (82.1%). The particle size distribution (PSD) of FA microspheres ranges from 48.53 ± 17.9 to 52.98 ± 19.4 µm by using SEM. PSD, using dynamic laser scattering, showed polydispersed and non-uniform size in raw FA, ranging in size from 107.1 to 1027 nm, while purified FA manifests a monodispersed size from 103.3 to 127.3 nm. FA showed the least bacterial growth reduction %, while the purified fly ash (FA2) showed the highest bacterial growth reduction %, as compared to the control bacterial broth culture without fly ash.

scholarly journals Toward Sustainable Ferry Routes in Korea: Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Passenger Mobility Burdens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8819
Author(s):  
Thi Quynh Mai Pham ◽  
Gunwoo Lee ◽  
Hwayoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Fuzzy C Means Clustering ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

With its long coastline, and numerous inlets and offshore islands, coastal ferry industries play a vital role in Korean maritime transportation. This study focuses on the southwestern part of Korea, Mokpo (which has the most inhabited islands and the highest proportion of elderly island residents), and aims to evaluate the impact of passengers’ mobility burdens on the efficiency of ferry routes to achieve a better service for passengers. Integrated principal component analysis–data envelopment analysis and a fuzzy C-means clustering method were applied to analyze the efficiency of ferry routes in the Mokpo area. The efficiency results indicate that longer routes do not always achieve high-efficiency scores. The proportion of general passengers appears to influence the efficiency improvements of both general and subsidiary ferry routes. These findings can assist in better comprehending the relationship between passengers’ mobility burdens and ferry route efficiencies; this will enable the authorities and ferry management departments to develop appropriate policies and strategies and to reconstruct certain features of the inefficient routes, thereby increasing operational efficiency, reducing mobility burdens, and improving the convenience of ferry travel and sustainability of Korean passenger routes.

scholarly journals A SURVEY TO ASSESS PATIENT SATISFACTION AFTER RECEIVING COMPLETE DENTURE PROSTHESES IN A.B. SHETTY MEMORIAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCES

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 081-085
Author(s):  
Vinaya S. Bhat ◽  
Krishna Prasad D. ◽  
Prakyath Malli
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Assess Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract:Conventional complete denture therapy is the most extensively used form of treatment for replacement of missing dentition. Patient satisfaction plays a major role in determining the success during treatment procedures. It helps in assessment of certain psychological traits and the impact of complete denture prostheses on daily living. This study was done to evaluate the relationship between patient satisfaction and the newly constructed denture prostheses, as it would indicate the degree of success of the treatment given.

The Suitability of Fly Ash for Use in Concrete According to EN 450 Based on their Particle Size

2018 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Martin Ťažký ◽  
Martin Labaj ◽  
Rudolf Hela
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
The Impact

The by-products of energy industry are nowadays often affected by new limits governing the production of harmful gases discharged into the air. These stricter and stricter criteria are often met by electricity producers by changing the combustion process in thermal power plants itself. Nowadays, the SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) application is quite common in the combustion process in order to help reduce the nitrogen oxide emission. This article deals with the primary measures of thermal power plants, which in particular consist of a modified treatment of raw materials (coal) entering the combustion process. These primary measures then often cause the formation of fly ash with unsuitable fineness for the use in concrete according to EN 450. The paper presents the comparison of the physico-mechanical parameters of several fly ashes with a different fineness values. The primary task is to assess the impact of non-suitable granulometry in terms of EN 450 on the other physico-mechanical parameters of fly ashes sampled within the same thermal power plant. Several fly ashes produced in the Czech Republic and surrounding countries were evaluated in this way.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Affecting Thermodynamic Efficiency in Generation III+ PWR Nuclear Power Plants.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 141-154
Author(s):  
Marcus Vitlin ◽  
Miroshan Naicker ◽  
Augustine Frederick Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Steam Temperature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Balance Of Plant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Generation III+ reactors are the latest generation of Nuclear Power Plants to enter the market. The key evolution in these reactors is the introduction of stringent safety standards. This is done through thorough incident scenario analysis and preparation, resulting in the addition of novel active and passive auxiliary safety systems, affecting the power consumption in the balance of plant. This paper analyses the parameters of PWR power plants of similar design, to determine the parameters for optimal efficiency, regarding gross and net electrical output, determining the impact the balance of plant has on this efficiency. While two of the three main factors affecting the Rankine cycle – boiler pressure and steam temperature – behaved as theoretically expected, there was a notable point of departure with the third parameter – condenser pressure. The relationship between steam temperature and gross electrical efficiency was linear across all reactors but the relation between the steam temperature and the net electrical efficiency ceased to be linear for secondary loop steam temperatures above 290°C. The relationship between boiler pressure and both gross and net electrical efficiency was linear, proving the Rankine cycle. A relationship was not observed between the condenser pressure and either the gross or net electrical efficiency

Impact of Deviations Handling on Outages

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoëlle Matahri
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Design Change ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
Corrective Measures ◽  
Nuclear Safety Authority ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the information provided by the operators, IRSN experts select and analyze different deviations presenting a possible generic nature which could affect the safety of power plants. Some of these deviations result in non-compliance (NC) with the safety requirements. To maintain an acceptable level of safety, an operator has to implement corrective measures for any situation of non-compliance with safety requirements. IRSN, the Technical Support Organization of the French Nuclear Authority, analyzes the different deviations to assess the impacts on the concerned NPPs safety. Based on the impact on safety, measures should be applied immediately or during the next outages, on a reactor or on several of them. The permanent corrective measures schedule is defined taking into account the “NC” safety impact. However, for some of the “NCs”, it can be difficult to define and implement swift permanent corrective measures, especially when the lack of compliance affects several similar units and requires a design change. This paper explains the French approach of deviations treatment and specifically the relationship between the Nuclear Safety Authority, the Technical Support Organization, IRSN and the Licensee, EDF during an outage.

Reconceptualizing Church and State: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Separation of Religion and State on Democracy

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brathwaite ◽  
Andrew Bramsen
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Set Covering ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Separation

AbstractThis article argues that the relationship between democracy and the separation of religion and state needs to be reexamined. We argue that previous studies have misconceptualized the impact that a lack of church-state separation can have on democracy, or have taken a narrow focus by concentrating on specific cases. We use principal component analysis and a large-ndata set covering 125 countries to show that the separation of religion and state should be conceptualized multi-dimensionally and that it should be considered a component of democracy. Our findings show that as separation of religion and state increases, the level of democracy also increases.

Employee engagement in Indian power companies: study of executives identifies four key drivers

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Indian Power Sector ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supervisor Trust

Purpose The purpose was to study how to create employee engagement in the Indian power sector. It also explored the antecedents of employee engagement. Design/methodology/approach Responses were gathered from executives in three companies working at power plants, distribution and transmission offices spread across five districts in the states of Odisha and West Bengal. Findings The research revealed how co-worker trust, supervisor trust and organizational trust all mediate the relationship between organizational culture and employee engagement. The study also compares engagement levels of employees at the three companies. Originality/value The authors say it is crucial to enhance employee engagement by identifying sector-specific factors. The results also help policymakers to appreciate the impact of organizational culture on employee engagement, and formulate appropriate policies.

scholarly journals Chemical and functional properties of different common Brazilian bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Marquezi ◽  
Vanessa Maria Gervin ◽  
Lucas Bertoldi Watanabe ◽  
Rodolfo Moresco ◽  
Edna Regina Amante
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Emulsifying Properties ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Foaming Capacity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Emulsifying Capacity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Six different common bean cultivars (BRS Embaixador, BRS Pitanga, BRS Estilo, Pérola, BRS Campeiro and BRS Esplendor) were characterized aiming to determine possible uses for them in various food products. The samples were analysed to determine their chemical composition, weight per hundred beans, pH, water and oil absorption capacities (WAC and OAC, respectively), foaming at pH 2.5, 5.6 and 8.0 and emulsifying properties. The relationship between the physicochemical and functional properties was described using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the chemical composition, weight per hundred beans, WAC and OAC showed differences even between cultivars of the same commercial group. Foaming also varied between the cultivars and foaming capacity and stability were greatest at pH 5.6 and 8.0. The emulsifying capacity proved quite high for all cultivars, as well as the stability of the emulsion. According to these properties, with the contribution of the PCA, each different bean cultivar can be destined to specific applications according to its physicochemical properties.

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