Biosurfactants as demulsifying agents for oil recovery from oily sludge – performance evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2875-2881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans M. N. Chirwa ◽  
Tshepo Mampholo ◽  
Oluwademilade Fayemiwo
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Living Organisms

The oil producing and petroleum refining industries dispose of a significant amount of oily sludge annually. The sludge typically contains a mixture of oil, water and solid particles in the form of complex slurry. The oil in the waste sludge is inextractible due to the complex composition and complex interactions in the sludge matrix. The sludge is disposed of on land or into surface water bodies thereby creating toxic conditions or depleting oxygen required by aquatic animals. In this study, a fumed silica mixture with hydrocarbons was used to facilitate stable emulsion (‘Pickering’ emulsion) of the oily sludge. The second step of controlled demulsification and separation of oil and sludge into layers was achieved using either a commercial surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)) or a cost-effective biosurfactant from living organisms. The demulsification and separation of the oil layer using the commercial surfactant SDS was achieved within 4 hours after stopping mixing, which was much faster than the 10 days required to destabilise the emulsion using crude biosurfactants produced by a consortium of petrochemical tolerant bacteria. The recovery rate with bacteria could be improved by using a more purified biosurfactant without the cells.

scholarly journals Surface-Modified Nanofibrous PVDF Membranes for Liquid Separation Technology

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evren Boyraz ◽  
Fatma Yalcinkaya ◽  
Jakub Hruza ◽  
Jiri Maryska
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
New Type ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Green Separation ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Near Future

Preparing easily scaled up, cost-effective, and recyclable membranes for separation technology is challenging. In the present study, a unique and new type of modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous membrane was prepared for the separation of oil–water emulsions. Surface modification was done in two steps. In the first step, dehydrofluorination of PVDF membranes was done using an alkaline solution. After the first step, oil removal and permeability of the membranes were dramatically improved. In the second step, TiO2 nanoparticles were grafted onto the surface of the membranes. After adding TiO2 nanoparticles, membranes exhibited outstanding anti-fouling and self-cleaning performance. The as-prepared membranes can be of great use in new green separation technology and have great potential to deal with the separation of oil–water emulsions in the near future.

Research on Treatment Technology as Resource of Polymer-Containing Oily Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2677-2682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Qing Yin ◽  
Fei Fei Hu ◽  
Bo Jing ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Xi Zhou Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Separating Agent

With the rapid implementation of polymer flooding in Bohai oil field, the produced liquid includes large amount of polymer-containing oily sludge reversed increases year by year. The polymer-containing oily sludge accumulates at the terminal processing plant, which not only obviously degrades the performance of sewage treatment instruments and blocks the oil/water separators, but also has a bad impact on environment. Using thermal chemical treatment technology with dynamical separating agent and optimizing separation conditions, the completed processing technology is obtained as follow: thermal chemical reaction, separation on standing, crude oil recovery and recycling of waste water. The recovery rate of crude oil from the samples treatment is over 94%. The obtained technology plays an important role in recycling of source, environment protection and technical support of increasing produced liquid.

scholarly journals Dissecting The Salinity-Dependence Of Wettability In Oil/Brine/Calcite System Using Molecular Simulations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Alhosani ◽  
Arjun Valiya Parambathu ◽  
Fernando Miguel Yrazu ◽  
Dilip Asthagiri ◽  
Walter Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Molecular Simulations ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Two Fluid

Low salinity water flooding has shown great promise due to its cost-effectiveness and low environmental impact for improving and sustaining oil production. It is believed that injecting water with ionic strength lower than that of the reservoir changes the reservoir from less to more water-wet and enhances oil recovery. This alteration phenomenon is not well understood, due to complex interactions between oil, water, and rock. Here we use molecular simulations to characterize the wettability of the 10.4-face of calcite in a calcite/brine/oil system, and address how wettability is altered by changing ionic strength and salt type (NaCl vs. CaCl<sub>2</sub>). Using the test area method we calculate the superficial tension of the fluids against the solid and the surface tension between the two fluid phases. As the salinity is decreased, the wetting of calcite by brine is progressively less favored, contrary to what might be expected based on low salinity flooding. However, as salinity is decreased, forming the oil-brine interface is more favored. On balance, it is the latter effect that leads to the enhanced wetting of calcite by brine in the oil-brine-calcite system, and it is suggested as an important element in the physics underlying low-salinity flooding. <br>

scholarly journals Experimental Study and Analysis on Degradation of Oily Sludge from Process Equipment by Continuous Hybrid Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fadhil Abid ◽  
Luma Hussein Mahmod ◽  
Samer Talib Breesam ◽  
Wasen Samie
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Hybrid Process ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Hybrid Treatment

It is well known that petroleum refineries are considered the largest generator of oily sludge which may cause serious threats to the environment if disposed of without treatment. Throughout the present research, it can be said that a hybrid process including ultrasonic treatment coupled with froth floatation has been shown as a green efficient treatment of oily sludge waste from the bottom of crude oil tanks in Al-Daura refinery and able to get high yield of base oil recovery which is 65% at the optimum operating conditions (treatment time = 30 min, ultrasonic wave amplitude = 60 micron, and (solvent: oily sludge) ratio = 4). Experimental results showed that 83% of the solvent used was recovered meanwhile the main water which was separated from solid particles was reused. Three types of sonic probes were used to compare effects of their amplitude created. Results revealed that beyond optimum ultrasound intensity, the treating time has an adverse effect on process efficiency. Results proved that usage 0.05% NaOH during the proposed hybrid process increased the oil recovery from 50 to 65%. The proposed hybrid treatment method could represent an environmentally friendly treatment of waste sludge produced from an oil refinery.  

scholarly journals Dissecting The Salinity-Dependence Of Wettability In Oil/Brine/Calcite System Using Molecular Simulations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Alhosani ◽  
Arjun Valiya Parambathu ◽  
Fernando Miguel Yrazu ◽  
Dilip Asthagiri ◽  
Walter Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Molecular Simulations ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Two Fluid

Low salinity water flooding has shown great promise due to its cost-effectiveness and low environmental impact for improving and sustaining oil production. It is believed that injecting water with ionic strength lower than that of the reservoir changes the reservoir from less to more water-wet and enhances oil recovery. This alteration phenomenon is not well understood, due to complex interactions between oil, water, and rock. Here we use molecular simulations to characterize the wettability of the 10.4-face of calcite in a calcite/brine/oil system, and address how wettability is altered by changing ionic strength and salt type (NaCl vs. CaCl<sub>2</sub>). Using the test area method we calculate the superficial tension of the fluids against the solid and the surface tension between the two fluid phases. As the salinity is decreased, the wetting of calcite by brine is progressively less favored, contrary to what might be expected based on low salinity flooding. However, as salinity is decreased, forming the oil-brine interface is more favored. On balance, it is the latter effect that leads to the enhanced wetting of calcite by brine in the oil-brine-calcite system, and it is suggested as an important element in the physics underlying low-salinity flooding. <br>

scholarly journals CO$$_{2}$$ Convection in Hydrocarbon Under Flowing Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine S. Mykkeltvedt ◽  
Sarah E. Gasda ◽  
Tor Harald Sandve
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fine Grid ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Nearby Point ◽  
Diffusive Processes

AbstractCarbon-neutral oil production is one way to improve the sustainability of petroleum resources. The emissions from produced hydrocarbons can be offset by injecting capture CO$$_{2}$$ 2 from a nearby point source into a saline aquifer for storage or a producing oil reservoir. The latter is referred to as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and would enhance the economic viability of CO$$_{2}$$ 2 sequestration. The injected CO$$_{2}$$ 2 will interact with the oil and cause it to flow more freely within the reservoir. Consequently, the overall recovery of oil from the reservoir will increase. This enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique is perceived as the most cost-effective method for disposing captured CO$$_{2}$$ 2 emissions and has been performed for many decades with the focus on oil recovery. The interaction between existing oil and injected CO$$_{2}$$ 2 needs to be fully understood to effectively manage CO$$_{2}$$ 2 migration and storage efficiency. When CO$$_{2}$$ 2 and oil mix in a fully miscible setting, the density can change non-linearly and cause density instabilities. These instabilities involve complex convective-diffusive processes, which are hard to model and simulate. The interactions occur at the sub-centimeter scale, and it is important to understand its implications for the field scale migration of CO$$_{2}$$ 2 and oil. In this work, we simulate gravity effects, namely gravity override and convective mixing, during miscible displacement of CO$$_{2}$$ 2 and oil. The flow behavior due to the competition between viscous and gravity effects is complex, and can only be accurately simulated with a very fine grid. We demonstrate that convection occurs rapidly, and has a strong effect on breakthrough of CO$$_{2}$$ 2 at the outlet. This work for the first time quantifies these effects for a simple system under realistic conditions.

scholarly journals Mechanism of active silica nanofluids based on interface-regulated effect during spontaneous imbibition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Guang Song ◽  
Ming-Wei Zhao ◽  
Cai-Li Dai ◽  
Xin-Ke Wang ◽  
Wen-Jiao Lv
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Solid Liquid

AbstractThe ultra-low permeability reservoir is regarded as an important energy source for oil and gas resource development and is attracting more and more attention. In this work, the active silica nanofluids were prepared by modified active silica nanoparticles and surfactant BSSB-12. The dispersion stability tests showed that the hydraulic radius of nanofluids was 58.59 nm and the zeta potential was − 48.39 mV. The active nanofluids can simultaneously regulate liquid–liquid interface and solid–liquid interface. The nanofluids can reduce the oil/water interfacial tension (IFT) from 23.5 to 6.7 mN/m, and the oil/water/solid contact angle was altered from 42° to 145°. The spontaneous imbibition tests showed that the oil recovery of 0.1 wt% active nanofluids was 20.5% and 8.5% higher than that of 3 wt% NaCl solution and 0.1 wt% BSSB-12 solution. Finally, the effects of nanofluids on dynamic contact angle, dynamic interfacial tension and moduli were studied from the adsorption behavior of nanofluids at solid–liquid and liquid–liquid interface. The oil detaching and transporting are completed by synergistic effect of wettability alteration and interfacial tension reduction. The findings of this study can help in better understanding of active nanofluids for EOR in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.

scholarly journals Manipulation of surface charges of oil droplets and carbonate rocks to improve oil recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Hou ◽  
Ming Han ◽  
Jinxun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Zwitterionic Surfactant ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Incremental Oil Recovery

AbstractThis work investigates the effect of the surface charges of oil droplets and carbonate rocks in brine and in surfactant solutions on oil production. The influences of the cations in brine and the surfactant types on the zeta-potentials of both oil droplets and carbonate rock particles are studied. It is found that the addition of anionic and cationic surfactants in brine result in both negative or positive zeta-potentials of rock particles and oil droplets respectively, while the zwitterionic surfactant induces a positive charge on rock particles and a negative charge on oil droplets. Micromodels with a CaCO3 nanocrystal layer coated on the flow channels were used in the oil displacement tests. The results show that when the oil-water interfacial tension (IFT) was at 10−1 mN/m, the injection of an anionic surfactant (SDS-R1) solution achieved 21.0% incremental oil recovery, higher than the 12.6% increment by the injection of a zwitterionic surfactant (SB-A2) solution. When the IFT was lowered to 10−3 mM/m, the injection of anionic/non-ionic surfactant SMAN-l1 solution with higher absolute zeta potential value (ζoil + ζrock) of 34 mV has achieved higher incremental oil recovery (39.4%) than the application of an anionic/cationic surfactant SMAC-l1 solution with a lower absolute zeta-potential value of 22 mV (30.6%). This indicates that the same charge of rocks and oil droplets improves the transportation of charged oil/water emulsion in the porous media. This work reveals that the surface charge in surfactant flooding plays an important role in addition to the oil/water interfacial tension reduction and the rock wettability alteration.

scholarly journals Study on microcrystalline cellulose/chitosan blend foam gel material

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 424-432
Author(s):  
Hongkai Zhao ◽  
Kehan Zhang ◽  
Shoupeng Rui ◽  
Peipei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Water ◽  
Aldehyde Group ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Bet Analysis

AbstractIn the present contribution, an environmental-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent was reported for soil treatment and desertification control. A novel foam gel material was synthesized here by the physical foaming in the absence of catalyst. By adopting modified microcrystalline cellulose and chitosan as raw materials and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) as foaming agent, a microcrystalline cellulose/chitosan blend foam gel was synthesized. It is expected to replace polymers derived from petroleum for agricultural applications. In addition, a systematical study was conducted on the adsorbability, water holding capacity and re-expansion performance of foam gel in deionized water and brine under different SDS concentrations (2%–5%) as well as adsorption time. To be specific, the adsorption capacity of foam gel was up to 105g/g in distilled water and 54g/g in brine, indicating a high water absorption performance. As revealed from the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, both the amino group of chitosan and the aldehyde group modified by cellulose were involved. According to the results of Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the foam gel was found to exhibit an interconnected pore network with uniform pore space. As suggested by Bet analysis, the macroporous structure was formed in the sample, and the pore size ranged from 0 to 170nm. The mentioned findings demonstrated that the foam gel material of this study refers to a potential environmental absorbent to improve soil and desert environments. It can act as a powerful alternative to conventional petroleum derived polymers.

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