In-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial studies of ethanolic plant extracts of P. granatum, O. stamineus, A. bilimbi, M. nigra, and E. longifolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam A. Makky ◽  
Manaf AlMatar ◽  
Mahmood H. Mahmood ◽  
Khoo Xu Wen ◽  
Tan Boon Gaik Qi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Background: Acne is a serious skin problem that affects mostly adolescents. The topical and systematic therapies are effective but could lead to several side effects and the emergence of antibacterial resistance of the acne-causing bacteria. Plant resources have been used as traditional medicine for centuries and can be the alternative therapies for acne treatment. Antioxidants are compounds that can prevent or delay the oxidation of substrates when present in low concentrations. Antioxidants are usually involved in several mechanisms of action, including the inhibition of free radical generation, enhancement of the scavenging capacity against free radicals, and reducing power. Methods: In this study, three antioxidant assays, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP were used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the ethanolic extracts of five plant extracts (A. bilimbi, M. nigra, O. stamineus, P. granatum, and E. longifolia). Furthermore, the study aimed to identify the most potent plant extracts and their combination which could provide better antibacterial activities against acne-causing bacteria. Ethanolic extracts of A. bilimbi, O. stamineus, M. nigra, P. granatum, and E. longifolia were prepared by the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) technique. Their phytochemical contents were screened using several biochemical tests and GC-MS analysis. Results: The study found that only the extracts of P. granatum and O. stamineus exhibited good antioxidant activity using DPPH assay (82.37% and 81.72% μg/mL respectively) and in ABTS assay (87.25% and 88.85% μg/mL respectively); their observed FRAP values were 115.1667 ± 5.6182 and 41.3860 ± 2.4583 μg/mL, respectively. The preliminary antibacterial screening using the disc diffusion method showed that P. granatum and O. stamineus were the most potent extracts; hence, both extracts were combined at the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 to a total concentration of 400 mg/mL. Discussion: The antibacterial efficacy of the mixture was studied using the disc diffusion method and the MIC value was determined. Both S. aureus and S. epidermidis were sensitive to all the individual and combined extracts but C. acnes was resistant to all of them. Conclusion: The antibacterial activity of the combined extracts against S. aureus showed a synergistic effect at the ratio of 2:1 with the inhibitory zone diameter of 18.00 ± 1.00 mm and MIC value of 12.5 mg/mL; however, antagonistic effects were observed against S. epidermidis while no effect was noted against C. acnes. Therefore, all the selected plant extracts exhibited antibacterial activities against certain bacteria and their effects may be enhanced by combining the plant extracts.

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Tinospora crispa (putarwali) STEMS METHANOLIC EXTRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (11-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimatul Akmal Sulaiman ◽  
Nurfarahin Fuad ◽  
Farawahida Rahman ◽  
Anwar Iqbal ◽  
Deny Susanti Darnis
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Dried Extract

Apart from being the primary source of food to other living things, plants also have medicinal value to treat various kinds of diseases. In recent years, it has been proposed that the extract from plants may be used as natural antioxidants which can help to prevent the generation of carcinogens in human body. In addition, plants also have antimicrobial agents to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes. This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Tinospora crispa stems extracted using soxhlet extraction method. The antimicrobial properties of T. crispa stems extract were tested using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans IMR C S23/11 A and Saccharomyces cerevisiae IMR S 617/068. The antioxidant properties of the extract were investigated by using Total Phenolics Content (TPC), Total Flavonoids Content (TFC), DPPH free radical scavenging and b–carotene bleaching assays.  The TPC value was 6.12 g GAE/100 g of dried extract while the TFC value was 55.58 g QE/100 g of dried extract. The IC50 of DPPH scavenging assay for the extract and ascorbic acid were 0.21 and 0.04 mg/mL, respectively. The average percentage of b–carotene bleaching assay was 38.3 % as compared to BHT, which was 45.1%.  The disc diffusion method showed no inhibition zone against all the strains of microorganisms at all concentrations of the extracts (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/disc). 

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF RUTA ANGUSTIFOLIA EXTRACT

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Azfa Shuib ◽  
Anwar Iqbal ◽  
Fatimatul Akmal Sulaiman ◽  
Izzatie Razak ◽  
Deny Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Polyphenolic Content

Ruta angustifolia was used in this study in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties and its correlation with the polyphenolic content. Two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778) and two Gram–negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739) were used to determine the antibacterial activity. Aqueous maceration extract was used for antioxidant activities and methanolic maceration extract was used for antibacterial activity. The antioxidant properties and activities were evaluated by using total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity and beta-carotene bleaching method. Whereas, the antibacterial activity was examined using disc diffusion method against selected microorganism at concentration 1.0 mg/disc. The results showed the phenolic content of R. angustifolia extract was 18.89 g GAE/100 g extract while the flavonoid content was 14.170 g QE/100 g extract. R. angustifolia exhibited good radical scavenging with IC50 value of 2.04 mg/ml. The result for disc diffusion method showed no inhibition zone against all the strains of bacteria at 1.0 mg/disc concentration of the extract. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the R. angustifolia aqueous extract has the antioxidant properties and there is correlation between polyphenolic content of the extract with its antioxidant activity. However, R. angustifolia methanolic extract did not show any antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Studies of Antimicrobial Activity of 2',4',5'- and 2',3',4'-Trimethoxy Flavanones

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
A. Rahim ◽  
R. Ali ◽  
A. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Filter Paper Disc ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Paper Disc

 2',4',5'- and 2',3',4'-trimethoxy flavanones have been synthesized starting with 2-hydroxyacetophone and substituted aldehyde. Antibacterial activities of the flavanones have been tested along with their corresponding chalcones against two human pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus-b-haemolyticus and  Klebsiella sp. (G-)). Antifungal activities of the flavanones have also been investigated against  two plants pathogenic mold fungi (Rhizactonia solani Sclerotium rolfsii). The structures of the synthesized compounds have been characterized with the help of  UV, IR and 1H NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. The antibacterial and antifungal screening were performed in vitro by the filter paper disc diffusion method and poisoned food technique. The flavanones showed antibacterial activity while no activity was observed to their corresponding chalcones against the tested bacteria. On the other hand, chalcones and their corresponding flavanones both showed fungicidal activities.

scholarly journals Studies on the inhibitory properties of leaf ethanolic extracts obtained from Ficus (Moraceae) species against Aeromonas spp. strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska ◽  
Halyna Tkachenko ◽  
Natalia Kurhaluk ◽  
Lyudmyla Buyun ◽  
Zbigniew Osadowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Abstract Introduction The most frequently isolated bacteria in Polish aquaculture are of the Aeromonas genus; also pathogenic to human fish consumers, they cause substantial economic losses, and require antibiotic therapy to treat. Antibiotic residues in animal-derived food provoke concern. The aim of the study was to appraise the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of Ficus plant species against Aeromonas strains. Material and Methods Leaves of 41 Ficus species were collected from two Ukrainian botanic gardens. They were crushed, washed, homogenized in ethanol and centrifuged, and the supernatants were applied in the Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion method to assess the susceptibility to them of Aeromonas hydrophila, A. sobria, and A. salmonicia subsp. salmonicida isolates confirmed as K886, K825, and St30 strains. Analogous assessment was also made of these bacteria’s susceptibility to sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and one amphenicol. Data were analysed statistically. Results The majority of the extracts considerably inhibited bacterial growth, A. sobria being susceptible to 14 Ficus species, A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida to 13, and A. hydrophila to 10. Conclusion Treatment with plant extracts has promise as an alternative to antibiotic therapy. Botanic gardens may offer new sources of plant-derived agents with a broad spectrum of biological and antimicrobial action. Further research will be useful to broaden knowledge of Ficus’ therapeutic potential.

scholarly journals Investigation of antibacterial activity of cinnamyl derivatives of arylpiperazine

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Novakovic ◽  
Jelena Penjisevic ◽  
V. Sukalovic ◽  
Deana Andric ◽  
G. Roglic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Clostridium Sporogenes ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Derivatives Of

The derivatives of cinnamic acid and N-arylpiperazine show antibacterial activity. In this work the potential synergistic effect of cinnamyl derivatives of arylpiperazine in selected bacteria was investigated. The antibacterial activities of the derivatives were evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptosporangium longisporum, Sarcina lutea, Micrococcus flavus, Clostridium sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and Proteus vulgaris by the disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the selected bacteria was determined for all compounds that showed activity in the disc diffusion method. The majority of the investigated compounds displayed in vitro antibacterial activity. The effect of the type and structure of the substituent on the aromatic ring on the antibacterial activity is discussed. It was found that two derivatives expressed activity toward S. longisporum and P. aeruginosa that was almost as strong as that of amikacin.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Origanum saccatum P.H. Davis Essential Oil Obtained by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction: Comparison with Hydrodistillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazli Sozmen ◽  
Burcu Uysal ◽  
Birsen S Oksal ◽  
Elif Odabas Kose ◽  
I Gokhan Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds

Abstract The components of the essential oils (EOs) obtained by solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and hydrodistillation (HD) from endemic Origanum saccatum P.H. Davis were identified by using GC/MS. The main constituents of both EOs obtained by SFME and HD, respectively, from O. saccatum were p-cymene (72.5 and 70.6%), thymol (9.32 and 8.11%), and carvacrol (7.18 and 6.36%). The EO obtained by SFME contained substantially higher amounts of oxygenated compounds and lower amounts of monoterpenes than did the EO obtained by HD. The antibacterial activities of the EOs obtained by SFME and HD were evaluated with the disc diffusion method by comparison with 10 different bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of the EO extracted by SFME was found to be more effective than that of the EO extracted by HD against seven of the tested bacteria.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTY OF DIFFERENT MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
SWETA KUMARI ◽  
VIRENDRA VAISHNAV
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of some plant extracts they are-Curcuma longa, Cinnamomum tamala, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Azadirachta indica, Datura stramonium, Zingiber officinale, Punica granatum and Cinnamomum cassia against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. Methods: The evaluation of antibacterial activity for different extracts of each plant was carried out by using the disc diffusion method and by pouring technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: In the disc diffusion method the plant extracts showed zone of inhibition ranging 02.0 to 16.0 mm against bacteria and In pouring technique plant extracts showed positive control against pure culture of a bacterium and their efficiency in terms of MICs where ranged from 0.2 gm/ml to 0.8 gm/ml. The extracts of Curcuma longa and Cinnamomum tamala shown high efficiency then other plant extracts in terms of zone of inhibition and also in pouring technique less amount of extracts was inhibited the growth of bacteria. Conclusion: This study indicates that extracts of these plants have antibacterial activity against bacteria. This report supports their use in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MIXTURE FROM DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS IN GEL, CREAM AND BODY MILK FORMULATION, AGAINST DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzoko Kungulovski ◽  
Natalija Atanasova-Pancevska
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Standard Disc

In this study the antimicrobial activity of a mixture of plant extracts originating from five different plants and suspended in three different forms of gel, cream and lotion was examined with the purpose of discovering new anti-microbial compounds. The antimicrobial activity was investigated through the standard disc diffusion method, as well as through a variation of the microdillution method. The formulations under examination (gel, cream and lotion) showed a broad spectrum of action against all the selected microorganisms, with inhibition zones of 9–46 mm. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for all the formulations against the microorganisms in the study was in the range of 0.000761μg ml-1 to 0.125μg ml-1. The results of this study have clearly demonstrated that the mixture of plant extracts originating from five different plants and suspended in the forms of gel, cream and lotion can definitely be used in the battle against the microorganisms under investigation.

scholarly journals Novel Synthetic Monothiourea Aspirin Derivatives Bearing Alkylated Amines as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norsyafikah Asyilla Nordin ◽  
Tchan Wei Chai ◽  
Bee Ling Tan ◽  
Ching Liang Choi ◽  
Ainaa Nadiah Abd Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Relative Inhibition ◽  
C Nmr

A new series of aspirin bearing alkylated amines moieties 1–12 were synthesised by reacting isothiocyanate with a series of aniline derivatives in overall yield of 16–56%. The proposed structures of all the synthesised compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR, and 1H and  13C NMR spectroscopy. All compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus via turbidimetric kinetic and Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Compound 5 bearing meta -CH3 substituent showed the highest relative inhibition zone diameter against tested bacteria compared to ortho and para substituent. Furthermore, aspirin derivatives bearing shorter chains exhibited better bacterial inhibition than longer alkyl chains.

scholarly journals The chemical composition of the essential oil and the antibacterial activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Teucrium montanum

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Vukovic ◽  
Tanja Milosevic ◽  
Slobodan Sukdolak ◽  
Slavica Solujic
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of the essential oil and the in vitro antibacterial activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Teucrium montanum. The inhibitory effects of the essential oil and the methanol extracts of Teucrium montanum were tested against thirteen bacterial species using the disc-diffusion method. GC/MS analyses revealed that the essential oil contained mainly sesquiterpenes, such as ?-cadinene (17.19 %), ?-selinene (8.16 %) and ?-calacorene (4.97 %). The highest activities were obtained with the essential oil of Teucrium montanum against K. pneumoniae, B. subtilis, B. mycoides, E. cloaceae and A. chlorococcum. In addition, comparison of the antibacterial activities of the essential oil and the methanol extract showed that the essential oil exhibited the stronger antibacterial activities.

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