Synthetic Methods and Pharmacological Potential of Different Oxazine Analogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Mohd. Imran
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

: Oxazine analog is a vital class of heterocyclic compounds and has attracted synthetic interest owing to their wide range of biological activities. Oxazine analogs are valuable in medicinal organic chemistry and exhibited different varieties of biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antimalarial, antitubercular, sedative, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, etc. Oxazine can be derived from benzene by appropriate substitution of carbon atoms of the ring by nitrogen and oxygen atoms. Nowadays, the development of drug resistance is a key problem, and to defeat this problem, it is crucial to synthesize novel compounds. So novel oxazine analogs may play a crucial role to overcome these problems. Oxazine analogs are prepared by reaction of chalcone derivatives with thiourea in the presence of alcohol and sodium hydroxide. The present aims of this review to give an outline of some different synthetic methods and different types of biological activities of oxazine analogs. We hope that this review will be motivating for researchers concerned with oxazine analogs.

scholarly journals Modern Synthetic Methods for the Stereoselective Construction of 1,3-Dienes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Raquel G. Soengas ◽  
Humberto Rodríguez-Solla
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range

The 1,3-butadiene motif is widely found in many natural products and drug candidates with relevant biological activities. Moreover, dienes are important targets for synthetic chemists, due to their ability to give access to a wide range of functional group transformations, including a broad range of C-C bond-forming processes. Therefore, the stereoselective preparation of dienes have attracted much attention over the past decades, and the search for new synthetic protocols continues unabated. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the diverse methodologies that have emerged in the last decade, with a focus on the synthetic processes that meet the requirements of efficiency and sustainability of modern organic chemistry.

Pyrazole Carboxylic Acid and Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Cetin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Biological Applications

: The heterocyclic compounds are the building blocks for synthesis of the different biological active compounds in the organic chemistry. Heterocyclic compounds have versatile synthetic applicability and biological activity. Pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives are significant scaffold structures in heterocyclic compounds due to biologic activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, inflammatory, antidepressant, antifungal anti-tubercular and antiviral etc. The aim of this mini-review is an overview synthesis of pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives and their biologic applications. The summarized literature survey presents in detail biological activities of pyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives and their various synthetic methods. This mini-review can be guide to many scientists in medicinal chemistry.

Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Pyrroles

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 622-657
Author(s):  
Duc Dau Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Organic Semiconductors ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Pyrrole Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range

: Pyrrole derivatives are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and widely distributed in a large number of natural and non-natural compounds. These compounds possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-infammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. Besides their biological activity, pyrrole derivatives have also been applied in various areas such as dyes, conducting polymers, organic semiconductors. : Due to such a wide range of applicability, access to this class of compounds has attracted intensive research interest. Various established synthetic methods such as Paal-Knorr, Huisgen, and Hantzsch have been modified and improved. In addition, numerous novel methods for pyrrole synthesis have been discovered. This review will focus on considerable studies on the synthesis of pyrroles, which date back from 2014.

Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Biginelli Product- A Brief Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namy George ◽  
Asha Asokan Manakkadan ◽  
Ajish Ariyath ◽  
Surya Maniyamma ◽  
Vishnu Vijayakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Wide Range

Dihydropyrimidinones are extremely advantageous small sized molecules owning adaptable pharmaceutical properties. With a molecular formula C4H6N2O, they hold a wide range of biological activities. It is a heterocyclic moiety having two N-atoms at positions 1 and 3. They are derivatives of pyrimidine containing an additional ketone group. They have inspired development of a wide range of synthetic methods for preparation and chemical transformations. Taking into consideration their structural similarity and involvement with DNA and RNA, they have become very imperative in the world of synthetic organic chemistry. Aryl substituted moieties and their derivatives are significant class of substances in medicinal and organic chemistry. Many alkaloids from natural marine sources comprising dihydropyrimidinones core have been isolated which possess fascinating biological properties. Intensive explorations have been carried out on these compounds because they possess close similitude to clinically used nifedipine, nicardipine etc. which are also Biginelli product analogues. Due to the interesting pharmacological properties associated with the privileged DHPM structures, the Biginelli reaction and related procedures have received increasing attention in recent years.

Heterocycle Compounds with Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 867-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fesatidou ◽  
Anthi Petrou ◽  
Geronikaki Athina
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms

Background: Bacterial infections are a growing problem worldwide causing morbidity and mortality mainly in developing countries. Moreover, the increased number of microorganisms, developing multiple resistances to known drugs, due to abuse of antibiotics, is another serious problem. This problem becomes more serious for immunocompromised patients and those who are often disposed to opportunistic fungal infections. Objective: The objective of this manuscript is to give an overview of new findings in the field of antimicrobial agents among five-membered heterocyclic compounds. These heterocyclic compounds especially five-membered attracted the interest of the scientific community not only for their occurrence in nature but also due to their wide range of biological activities. Method: To reach our goal, a literature survey that covers the last decade was performed. Results: As a result, recent data on the biological activity of thiazole, thiazolidinone, benzothiazole and thiadiazole derivatives are mentioned. Conclusion: It should be mentioned that despite the progress in the development of new antimicrobial agents, there is still room for new findings. Thus, research still continues.

A Brief Review on the Development of Novel Potentially Active Azetidin-2-ones Against Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia S. da Silveira Pinto ◽  
Thatyana R. Alves Vasconcelos ◽  
Claudia Regina B. Gomes ◽  
Marcus Vinícius N. de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Azetidin-2-ones (β-lactams) and its derivatives are an important group of heterocyclic compounds that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant. Efforts have been made over the years to develop novel congeners with superior biological activities and minimal potential for undesirable side effects. The present review aimed to highlight some recent discoveries (2013-2019) on the development of novel azetidin-2-one-based compounds as potential anticancer agents.

Sulfated Tin Oxide: A Convenient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 4-Arylmethylidene-3-substituted-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitishkumar S. Kaminwar ◽  
Sunil U. Tekale ◽  
Srinivas L. Nakkalwar ◽  
Rajendra P. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Three Component Reaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

: Synthesis of isoxazole structural heterocyclic compounds is important due to their wide range of biological activities. In the present article, we report a convenient and easy method for the synthesis of 4-arylmethylidene-3-substituted-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones by the one-pot three-component reaction of aldehydes, β-keto ester, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride cat-alyzed by sulfated tin oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst.

scholarly journals Proanthocyanidins: Oligomeric Structures with Unique Biochemical Properties and Great Therapeutic Promise

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanjie Xu ◽  
Peng Du ◽  
Peter Meiser ◽  
Claus Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Proanthocyanidins represent a unique class of oligomeric and polymeric secondary metabolites found ubiquitously and in considerable amounts in plants and some algae. These substances exhibit a range of rather surprising physical and chemical properties which, once applied to living organisms, are translated into a multitude of biological activities. The latter include antioxidant properties, cancer chemoprevention, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects as well as some exceptional, yet highly interesting activities, such as anti-nutritional and antimicrobial activity. Despite the wide range of activities and possible medical/agricultural applications of proanthocyanidins, many questions still remain, including issues related to bioavailability, metabolism and the precise biochemical, extra- and intracellular targets and mode(s) of action of these highly potent materials. Among the various physical and chemical interactions of such substances, strong binding to proteins appears to form the basis of many of their biological activities. Once easy-to-use synthetic methods to produce appropriate quantities of pure proanthocyanidins are available, it will be possible to identify the prime biological targets of these oligomers, study oligomer-protein interactions in more detail and develop possible practical applications in medicine and agriculture.

scholarly journals Fused 1,5-Naphthyridines: Synthetic Tools and Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3508
Author(s):  
Carme Masdeu ◽  
Maria Fuertes ◽  
Endika Martin-Encinas ◽  
Asier Selas ◽  
Gloria Rubiales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oxygen Heterocycles ◽  
Optical Applications

Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, including fused 1,5-naphthyridines, have versatile applications in the fields of synthetic organic chemistry and play an important role in the field of medicinal chemistry, as many of them have a wide range of biological activities. In this review, a wide range of synthetic protocols for the construction of this scaffold are presented. For example, Friedländer, Skraup, Semmlere-Wolff, and hetero-Diels-Alder, among others, are well known classical synthetic protocols used for the construction of the main 1,5-naphthyridine scaffold. These syntheses are classified according to the nature of the cycle fused to the 1,5-naphthyridine ring: carbocycles, nitrogen heterocycles, oxygen heterocycles, and sulphur heterocycles. In addition, taking into account the aforementioned versatility of these heterocycles, their reactivity is presented as well as their use as a ligand for metal complexes formation. Finally, those fused 1,5-naphthyridines that present biological activity and optical applications, among others, are indicated.

scholarly journals Biochemistry, Safety, Pharmacological Activities, and Clinical Applications of Turmeric: A Mechanistic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Shabir Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Tauseef Sultan ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Arshad ◽  
Marwa Waheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Safety And Toxicity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a popular natural drug, traditionally used for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Its root, as its most popular part used for medicinal purposes, contains different types of phytochemicals and minerals. This review summarizes what is currently known on biochemistry, safety, pharmacological activities (mechanistically), and clinical applications of turmeric. In short, curcumin is considered as the fundamental constituent in ground turmeric rhizome. Turmeric possesses several biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, antiobesity, hypolipidemic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. These reported pharmacologic activities make turmeric an important option for further clinical research. Also, there is a discussion on its safety and toxicity.

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