Beneficial Effects of Several Nanoparticles on the Growth of Different Plants Species

2019 ◽  
Vol >15 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-470
Author(s):  
Tauheed ul Haq ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Rehman Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Different Parts

The excessive use of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers led to environmental pollution and serious health issues. Nanotechnology may solve such a type of problems by providing nanomaterials of high performance. Here, we reviewed the beneficial effects of some different nanoparticles on the growth of different parts of different plants belonging to 14 different families. Nanoparticles such as CNT, Ag-NPs, TiO2-NPs, Au-NPs, S-NPs, Ag-NPs+ Magnetic field-NPs, ZnO-NPs, Fe-NPs, SiO2-NPs, RA-NPs, Zinc-NPs, Silica-NPs, Apatite-NPs, CeO2-NPs, Cu-NPs, CaCO3-NPs, Chitosan- NKP-NPs and Carbon nono-tube coated NKP+ Chitosan NPK-NPs show better growth enhancement effect on different parts of plants and crop production when used in proper concentration. We find that the most favorable effect of NPs was on, chlorophyll contents, root and shoot length followed by proteins contents and plant biomass.

scholarly journals Zinc Oxide and Silver Nanoparticle Effects on Intestinal Bacteria

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2489
Author(s):  
Ami Yoo ◽  
Mengshi Lin ◽  
Azlin Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Transmission Electron

The application of nanoparticles (NPs) for food safety is increasingly being explored. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and silver (Ag) NPs are inorganic chemicals with antimicrobial and bioactive characteristics and have been widely used in the food industry. However, not much is known about the behavior of these NPs upon ingestion and whether they inhibit natural gut microflora. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ZnO and Ag NPs on the intestinal bacteria, namely Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium animalis. Cells were inoculated into tryptic soy broth or Lactobacilli MRS broth containing 1% of NP-free solution, 0, 12, 16, 20 mM of ZnO NPs or 0, 1.8, 2.7, 4.6 mM Ag NPs, and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The presence and characterization of the NPs on bacterial cells were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Membrane leakage and cell viability were assessed using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and confocal electron microscope, respectively. Numbers of treated cells were within 1 log CFU/mL less than those of the controls for up to 12 h of incubation. Cellular morphological changes were observed, but many cells remained in normal shapes. Only a small amount of internal cellular contents was leaked due to the NP treatments, and more live than dead cells were observed after exposure to the NPs. Based on these results, we conclude that ZnO and Ag NPs have mild inhibitory effects on intestinal bacteria.

The effect of silver concentration and calcination temperature on structural and optical properties of ZnO:Ag nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shayani Rad ◽  
A. Kompany ◽  
A. Khorsand Zak ◽  
M. E. Abrishami
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Visible Emission ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Average Size

Pure and silver added zinc oxide nanoparticles ( ZnO -NPs and ZnO : Ag -NPs) were synthesized through a modified sol–gel method. The prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. In the XRD patterns, silver diffracted peaks were also observed for the samples synthesized at different calcination temperatures of 500°C, 700°C, 900°C except 1100°C, in addition to ZnO . TEM images indicated that the average size of ZnO : Ag -NPs increases with the amount of Ag concentration. The PL spectra of the samples revealed that the increase of Ag concentration results in the increase of the visible emission intensity, whereas by increasing the calcination temperature the intensity of visible emission of the samples decreases.

Emerging investigator series: Chemical transformation of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles in the simulated human tear fluids: Influence of biocorona

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxiangyu Li ◽  
Ashfeen Ubaid Khan ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoting Qian ◽  
Yawei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Chemical Transformation ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, personal care products with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) or zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are being widely used because of their superior antibacterial efficacies. Biological fluids...

Μελέτη της τοξικής, κυτταροτοξικής και γενοτοξικής δράσης νεοσυντιθέμενων ενώσεων και νανοϋλικών σε in vitro συνθήκες

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ιωάννα Ευθυμίου
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Flame Spray ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps

Η συνεχώς αυξανόμενη παραγωγή προϊόντων της Nανοτεχνολογίας εγείρει στις μέρες μας σημαντικά ερωτήματα σχετικά με τον περιβαλλοντικό αντίκτυπό τους. Συγκεκριμένα, νανοσωματίδια (Nanoparticles, NPs) όπως το οξείδιο του ψευδαργύρου (ZnO) και αργύρου (Ag), παρουσιάζουν ευρεία εξάπλωση και εφαρμογή, γεγονός που αυξάνει τις πιθανότητες να βρεθούν βιοδιαθέσιμα στο περιβάλλον. Παρόλο που υπάρχει εκτεταμένη βιβλιογραφία αναφορικά με τα προαναφερθέντα NPs, συνήθως κάθε μελέτη εστιάζει σε συγκεκριμένο παράγοντα κάθε φορά όπως για παράδειγμα στη σύνθεση των NPs, τα βελτιωμένα χαρακτηριστικά τους, τις πιθανές εφαρμογές τους ή τις τοξικές τους επιδράσεις σε συγκεκριμένο οργανισμό ή κυτταρική σειρά. Αν και κάθε έρευνα ενισχύει το μέχρι τώρα γνωσιακό υπόβαθρο και συμπληρώνει κενά αναφορικά με τη Νανοτεχνολογία, με την παρούσα μελέτη έγινε η προσπάθεια πραγματοποίησης μιας ολοκληρωμένης εργασίας. Συγκεκριμένα, το ερευνητικό πλάνο περιλαμβάνει (α) τη σύνθεση των ZnO, Ag και ZnO-Ag NPs, (β) το χαρακτηρισμό τους (μεμονωμένα και σε διασπορά μέσα σε υδατικά διαλύματα), (γ) την αξιολόγηση των πιθανών τοξικών, κυτταροτοξικών και γενοτοξικών τους επιδράσεων σε διαφορετικά βιολογικά συστήματα (ανθρώπινα λεμφοκύτταρα, βακτήρια και αιμοκύτταρα δίθυρου μαλακίου) σε in vitro συνθήκες, (δ) τη μελέτη της αλληλεπίδρασης των εξεταζόμενων NPs παρουσία χουμικών οξέων (Humic Acids, HAs), προσομοιάζοντας έτσι τις πραγματικές περιβαλλοντικές συνθήκες. Αναλυτικότερα, τα NPs (ZnO, Ag και ZnO-Ag NPs) παρασκευάστηκαν με την καινοτόμο τεχνική πυρόλυσης ψεκασμού φλόγας (Flame Spray Pyrolysis, FSP) που χρησιμοποιείται για τη σύνθεση μεμονωμένων και σύνθετων NPs με υψηλή καθαρότητα και βελτιωμένα μορφολογικά και φυσικοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά. Ακολούθησε χαρακτηρισμός των NPs με περίθλαση ακτίνων Χ (powder X ray Diffraction, pXRD), με ηλεκτρονική μικροσκοπία διέλευσης (Transmission Electron Microscopy, TEM) και με δυναμική σκέδαση φωτός (Dynamic Light Scattering, DLS). Στη συνέχεια, διερευνήθηκε η ενδεχόμενη γενοτοξική και κυτταροτοξική δράση των NPs παρουσία και απουσία δύο χαρακτηρισμένων HAs (Humic acid-like-polycondensate, HALP; Leonardite Humic Acid, LHA) σε ανθρώπινα λεμφοκύτταρα με την εφαρμογή της τεχνικής των μικροπυρήνων με χρήση της κυτταροχαλασίνης-Β (Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus assay, CBMN assay). Η έκπλυση ιόντων Zn2+ προσδιορίστηκε στα ιζήματα των λεμφοκυττάρων που προέκυψαν από την τεχνική CBMN, μέσω της ανοδικής αναδιαλυτικής βολταμμετρίας (Anodic Stripping Voltammetry, ASV). Έπειτα, οι τοξικές επιδράσεις των NPs παρουσία και απουσία των δύο HAs μελετήθηκαν στο βακτήριο Vibrio fischeri με τη χρήση του συστήματος Microtox. Τέλος, εξετάστηκαν οι κυτταροτοξικές και οξειδωτικές επιδράσεις των NPs σε αιμοκύτταρα του μυδιού Mytilus galloprovincialis, μέσω προσδιορισμού (α) της λυσοσωμικής αποσταθεροποίησης (Τεχνική ουδέτερου ερυθρού/Neutral Red Retention Time), (β) της παραγωγής σουπεροξειδικών ανιόντων, (γ) της παραγωγής οξειδίων του αζώτου (υπό μορφή νιτρωδών) και (δ) των επιπέδων λιπιδικής υπεροξείδωσης. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα, στην περίπτωση της τεχνικής CBMN, δεν υπήρξε εκδήλωση γενοτοξικών φαινομένων σε καμία περίπτωση, για κανένα από τα υπό μελέτη NPs τόσο παρουσία όσο και απουσία των δύο HAs. Από την άλλη πλευρά, όλα τα NPs εκδήλωσαν κυτταροτοξική δράση. Ωστόσο, αν και τα Ag και ZnO-Ag NPs οδήγησαν σε επαγωγή κυτταροτοξικότητας παρουσία και απουσία των δύο HAs, τα μίγματα των ZnO NPs με τα δύο HAs ελάττωσαν την κυτταροτοξικότητα που προκλήθηκε από τα μεμονωμένα ZnO NPs. Αναφορικά με τα ποσοστά έκπλυσης ιόντων Zn2+, παρατηρήθηκε ότι οι μεγαλύτερες συγκεντρώσεις των μιγμάτων (ZnO, ZnO-Ag)NPs-HAs διατήρησαν ένα μικρό ποσοστό ιόντων, ενώ στις υπόλοιπες περιπτώσεις το ποσοστό ήταν αμελητέο. Στην περίπτωση προσδιορισμού της τοξικότητας των NPs έναντι του βακτηρίου Vibrio fischeri, διαπιστώθηκε ενισχυμένη τοξικότητα των ZnO και ZnO-Ag NPs ενώ τα Ag NPs εμφάνισαν τη μικρότερη τοξική δράση. Ο συνδυασμός με τα δύο HAs δεν οδήγησε σε κάποια σημαντική αλλαγή της τοξικότητας σε σύγκριση με τα μεμονωμένα NPs, στην περίπτωση των ZnO και ZnO-Ag NPs. Αντιθέτως, τα μίγματα Ag NPs-HAs ελάττωσαν την τοξικότητα που προκλήθηκε από τα μεμονωμένα Ag NPs. Όσον αφορά τις επιδράσεις των NPs στα αιμοκύτταρα των μυδιών, διαπιστώθηκε ότι κάθε NP διέθετε διαφορετικό μηχανισμό εκδήλωσης τοξικότητας. Συγκεκριμένα, τα ZnO NPs - μέσω του επιφανειακού τους φορτίου και της σωματιδιακής συσσωμάτωσης - ενδέχεται να εισέλθουν στα κύτταρα πριν την εκδήλωση κυτταρικής θνησιμότητας, ενώ η απελευθέρωση των ιόντων Zn2+ μπορούσε να οδηγήσει στην παραγωγή ριζών μέσω διέγερσης της διαδικασίας της αναπνευστικής έκρηξης. Αντιθέτως, η παρατηρούμενη κυτταρική και οξειδωτική καταπόνηση που προκλήθηκε από τα Ag NPs, πιθανότατα λόγω της απελευθέρωσης ιόντων Ag+, δε φάνηκε να σχετίζεται με την αναπνευστική έκρηξη. Ομοίως, οι κυτταρικές και οξειδωτικές βλάβες που προκλήθηκαν από τα ZnO-Ag NPs, υπέδειξαν την παρουσία ανταγωνιστικής/συνεργιστικής δράσης μεταξύ των μεταλλικών ιόντων (Zn2+, Ag+) που ανάλογα με τις εκάστοτε συνθήκες μπορούν να ρυθμίσουν τη συμπεριφορά και τις βιολογικές επιδράσεις του σύνθετου NP. Συμπερασματικά, τα αποτελέσματα υποδεικνύουν τη δυνατότητα των νεοσυντιθέμενων ZnO, Ag και ZnO-Ag NPs να προκαλούν τοξικές, κυτταροτοξικές και οξειδωτικές επιδράσεις. Παρόλα αυτά, διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι επιδράσεις των NPs ποικίλουν τόσο μεταξύ των ίδιων των NPs, όσο και μεταξύ των τεχνικών και των οργανισμών μοντέλων και/ή κυττάρων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. Κατά συνέπεια, είναι εμφανές ότι είναι αναγκαίο να αξιολογείται το τοξικολογικό προφίλ των NPs με τη χρήση ενός εύρους τεχνικών, βιοδεικτών και περιβαλλοντικών σεναρίων, καθώς και να γίνεται παράλληλα ένας ολοκληρωμένος και αξιόπιστος χαρακτηρισμός αυτών σε κάθε περίπτωση.

scholarly journals NUTRIENT CONTENT IN SUNFLOWERS IRRIGATED WITH OIL EXPLORATION WATER

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADERVAN FERNANDES SOUSA ◽  
LINDBERGUE ARAÚJO CRISOSTOMO ◽  
OLMAR BALLER WEBER ◽  
MARIA EUGENIA ORTIZ ESCOBAR ◽  
TEÓGENES SENNA DE OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture

ABSTRACT: Irrigation using produced water, which is generated during crude oil and gas recovery and treated by the exploration industry, could be an option for irrigated agriculture in semiarid regions. To determine the viability of this option, the effects of this treated water on the nutritional status of plants should be assessed. For this purpose, we examined the nutritional changes in sunflowers after they were irrigated with oil-produced water and the effects of this water on plant biomass and seed production. The sunflower cultivar BRS 321 was grown for three crop cycles in areas irrigated with filtered produced water (FPW), reverse osmosis-treated produced water (OPW), or ground water (GW). At the end of each cycle, roots, shoots, and seeds were collected to examine their nutrient concentrations. Produced water irrigation affected nutrient accumulation in the sunflower plants. OPW irrigation promoted the accumulation of Ca, Na, N, P, and Mg. FPW irrigation favored the accumulation of Na in both roots and shoots, and biomass and seed production were negatively affected. The Na in the shoots of plants irrigated with FPW increased throughout the three crop cycles. Under controlled conditions, it is possible to reuse reverse osmosis-treated produced water in agriculture. However, more long-term research is needed to understand its cumulative effects on the chemical and biological properties of the soil and crop production.

scholarly journals Application of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Growth Enhancement of Mustard Seed Germination

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Agus Subagio ◽  
Erma Prihastanti ◽  
Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Functionalized Mwcnts ◽  
Mustard Seeds

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are one of the nanomaterials that can be applied to agriculture. This work investigates the beneficial effects of MWCNT function on mustard plants. In this study, the material of MWCNTs is functionalized with nitric acid to attach the carboxylic group onto the tube wall. The functionalized MWCNTs were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, and FTIR. The MWCNT diameter produced ranges from 20 to 50 nm and the inner diameter is 5 to 10 nm at the pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C. It was found that crystallites of the MWCNTs have (002) and (100) directions. There is a weak peak in MWCNTs prior to the functionalization process due to the presence of metal carbide (Fe3C), which serves as an active catalyst. FTIR results clearly indicate the presence of hydroxyl and carboxylic groups. These functionalized MWCNTs were dispersed into distilled water with various concentrations at 25, 50 and 75 µg/mL. By utilizing an immersion time of 24 h, mustard (Brassica juncea) seeds were soaked in each functionalized and non-functionalized MWCNT solution. Functionalized MWCNT solution at a concentration of 50 µg/mL was found to affect the growth of mustard seeds more significantly.

scholarly journals Utilisation of wastes as fertilisers with particular emphasis on the Bay of Plenty region

1991 ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
M.B. O'Connor ◽  
A.H.C. Roberts ◽  
R.D. Longhurst ◽  
M.F. Hawke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industries

Estimates of the wastes produced in the Bay of Plenty region indicate that 22 million m' (tonnes) is produced annually. The main contributors to waste production are the dairy industry (shed, factory),municipal sewage, pig, poultry, meatworks, kiwifruit, fishing and pulp and paper industries. In fertiliser terms these wastes are valued at $7.7 million. In addition the timber industry produces > 1 million tonnes of timber residues (sawdust, bark, woodchips) approximately 20% of which is currently dumped. Wastes, when recycled back on to the land, offer a potential source of nutrients to enhance pasture and crop production. In addition organic wastes provide a source of organic matter which may have beneficial effects on the physical properties of soils. Research results indicate that pumice soils are well suited to the application of wastes. Some general recommendations are given for the use of wastes in dairying, orcharding and cropping situations. Three factors are considered important for the successful utilisation of wastes (a) application rates need to be balanced to the nutrient needs of the soil-plant system (b) safeguards in the form of regular chemical monitoring of the effluent, soil, plant and animal need to be implemented, and(c) the economics of using the waste materials must be favourable to the farmer and orchardist. The principle of the producer of the waste paying for its safe disposal or utilisation needs to be adopted in New Zealand as it has in many overseas countries. Keywords nutrients, organic matter, waste recycling, pumice soils, fertiliser value

scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Inoculants on Plant Attributes and Nutrients Uptake by Soybean in Vertisols

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Kumar ◽  
R. K. Sahu ◽  
R. K. Thakur ◽  
Bablu Yaduwanshi ◽  
N. G. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
Plant Attributes

The present study was carried out during kharif season 2019-20 at the Research Farm, Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (INDIA), to assess the effect of microbial inoculants on plant attributes and nutrients uptake by soybean in Vertisols. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The 15 treatments comprised of different beneficial microbial consortia in possible combinations applied as seed treatments. The crop was supplemented with recommended dose of fertilizers 20 N : 80 P2O5 : 20 K2O kg ha-1. Besides these, two control plots were maintained as fertilized un-inoculated control (FUI) and unfertilized un-inoculated control (UFUI). The findings revealed that the significant improvement were noticed by the application of consortia NPK+EM+PGPR in plant growth attributes of nodulation at 25, 45 & 65 DAS (71, 70 & 59% respectively), over control (9.5, 33.4 & 34.7 nodule plant-1) and its biomass, (62, 69 & 74% respectively),over the control  (0.58, 1.16 & 0.99 g plant-1),  plant height at 25, 45 & 65DAS were increased 61, 40, 41% respectively, over the control (16.20, 34.90 and 44.30 cm) and plant biomass, (48, 62 & 53%), over the control 1.67, 4.73 and 6.1 g plant-1. Similarly, nutrient uptake (seed & stover) were also increased at 25, 45 and 65 stages of crop growth, with 36.6, 34.8 & 51.3% in seed and 66.7, 98.2 & 67.2% in straw respectively over the control (98.5, 63.8, 5.2, and 7.4, 24.9 and 44.4 kg ha-1 respectively). Thus, it may be concluded that the consortium of NPK + EM + PGPR was superior for sustainable crop production and soil health.

Azolla as Waste Decomposer and Bio-fertilizer: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Aquatic Fern ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cyanobacterium Anabaena

In modern-day agriculture, we are well aware of the utilization of artificial fertilizers in the soil to supply major soil nutrients for plant growth and development. The most common used nutrients in agroecosystem are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S). These fertilizers cause an increase in crop production, but the excess use of these fertilizers has several health hazards for the plants and animals feeding on them. Presently the consumer's preference has been shifted from synthetic fertilizer-based food to organic food. This paper aims to review the results of the research work done in the past few decays on the environment detoxification and beneficial effects of Azolla (aquatic fern) on plants and soil health. Hopefully, it will help the collaborative research on this “green gold” in the future.Azolla fixes the free-living atmospheric N as they have symbiotic Cyanobacterium Anabaena Azolla. Azolla adds organic matter and provides natural mulch to the soil because of these benefits is known as bio-fertilizer. Azolla remediates industrial and sewage water by accumulating heavy metals in their body and plays an active role in the reclamation of salt-affected soil by accumulating heavy metals and salts and by increasing the soil organic matter

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