Effects of Polyphenol Administration to European Farmed Sea Bass (Dicentrharcus labrax L.): Special Focus on Hepatopancreas Morphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Magrone ◽  
Thea Magrone ◽  
Anna Spagnoletta ◽  
Anna Spagnoletta ◽  
Manrico Magrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Different Doses

<P>Background and Objective: Hepatopancreas is an accessory organ associated with the liver in some fish, even including sea bass (Dicentrharcus labrax L.). Hepatopancreas contains an exocrine portion but until now its function has poorly been investigated. </P><P> Methods: Here, European farmed sea bass have been treated with a feed enriched in polyphenols extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar) at two different doses (100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) from day 273 to day 323. In fish samples, hepatopancreas area sizes have been measured to evaluate the effects of this dietary regimen on its morphology. </P><P> Results: Quite interestingly, in treated fish area sizes of hepatopancreas were higher than those detected in untreated fish. Two hundred mg dose of polyphenols was more effective than that of 100 mg/kg polyphenols. Finally, hepatic polyphenol concentration was diminished in fish receiving 100 mg dose polyphenols and normalized with 200 mg dose in comparison to untreated fish. This evidence suggests the utilization of polyphenols for liver function, even including hepatopancreas development. </P><P> Conclusion: Our data suggest an expansion of hepatopancreas induced by polyphenol administration that is also associated with less mortality in farmed fish.</P>

scholarly journals Administration of a Polyphenol-Enriched Feed to Farmed Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labraxL.) Modulates Intestinal and Spleen Immune Responses

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Magrone ◽  
Sergio Fontana ◽  
Flavia Laforgia ◽  
Teresa Dragone ◽  
Emilio Jirillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Response Increase ◽  
Red Grape

Farmed fish are exposed to a continuous antigenic pressure by microbial and environmental agents, which may lead to a condition of chronic inflammation. In view of the notion that polyphenols, largely contained in fruits and vegetables, are endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labraxL.) have been administered with red grape polyphenol-enriched feed. Polyphenols were extracted from the seeds ofCanosinaNero di TroiaVitis viniferaand mixed with conventional feed at two different concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg, resp.). Fish samples collected at days 223 and 273, respectively, were evaluated for intestinal and spleen cytokine release as well as for spleen macrophage (MØ) and melanomacrophage center (MMC) areas and distribution. Data will show that in treated fish decrease of intestinal interleukin- (IL-) 1βand IL-6 and increase of splenic interferon- (IFN-)γoccur. On the other hand, in the spleen reduction of MØ number seems to parallel increase in MMCs. Collectively, these data suggest that polyphenol-administered sea bass generate lower levels of intestinal proinflammatory cytokines, while producing larger amounts of spleen IFN-γ, as an expression of a robust and protective adaptive immune response. Increase of MMCs corroborates the evidence for a protective spleen response induced by feed enriched with polyphenols.

Radiometric Analysis of Farmed Fish (Sea Bass, Gilthead Bream, and Rainbow Trout) from Tenerife Island, Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1941-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. JALILI ◽  
M. LÓPEZ-PÉREZ ◽  
L. KARLSSON ◽  
F. HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
C. RUBIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Radiometric Analysis ◽  
Fish Samples

This study analyzed the content of gamma-emitting radionuclides in fish farmed on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). The fish species included in this study were sea bass, gilthead bream, and rainbow trout. The first two species are produced in offshore enclosures, while the third is produced in a freshwater fish farm. All measurements were performed using two high-purity germanium gamma-ray detectors. The content of gamma-emitting radionuclides in the fodder used to feed the different species of farmed fish studied was also determined. The following nuclides were often detected in the analyzed samples: 137Cs, 40K, 235U, 228Ac, 214Bi, 208Tl, 212Pb, and 214Pb. As a complement to this analysis, 210Po concentrations in two fish samples were determined by alpha spectrometry. The nuclide presenting the highest concentration was, as expected, the naturally occurring 40K, with an average concentration of 0.13 ± 0.01 Bq/g (wet weight) (Bq/gww) in gilthead bream and sea bass and 0.12 ± 0.01 Bq/gww in rainbow trout. The 235U concentrations determined in the same fish species were 0.6 ± 0.5, 0.8 ± 0.7, and 1.6 ± 1.0 mBq/gww, respectively. This nuclide is seldom reported in fish samples. The concentrations of 137Cs (the only artificial nuclide determined in this study) in gilthead bream and sea bass were 0.026 ± 0.006 and 0.044 ± 0.01 mBq/gww, respectively. In addition to the radiometric analysis, the contribution of the analyzed nuclides to the effective dose from the mean daily intake of the fish was calculated. The calculated contribution, in terms of dose per person, produced by intake of the analyzed fish was 0.8 μSv/year. This value does not represent a significant risk to the local population.

scholarly journals Host-Parasite Interaction between Parasitic Cymothoid Ceratothoa oestroides and Its Host, Farmed European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Ivona Mladineo ◽  
Jerko Hrabar ◽  
Olja Vidjak ◽  
Ivana Bočina ◽  
Slavica Čolak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Host Tissues

Parasitic isopod Ceratothoa oestroides (Cymothoidea, Isopoda) is a common and generalist buccal cavity-dweller in marine fish, recognised for its detrimental effect in fingerling and juvenile farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Although distributed throughout the Mediterranean, the isopod provokes acute outbreaks mainly limited to particular endemic areas in Croatia (Adriatic Sea) and Greece (Aegean Sea). While numerous studies have previously evidenced its gross effect on farmed fish (i.e. decreased condition index, slower growth rate, lethargy and mortality), details on the host-parasite interaction are still lacking. Therefore, using a multimethodological approach, we closely examined the structure and appearance of isopod body parts acting in the attachment and feeding (stereomicroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy), and the extent of host tissues damage (histology, immunohistochemistry, micro-computational tomography) induced by parasitation. Interestingly, while hematophagous nature of the parasite has been previously postulated we found no unambiguous data to support this; we observed host tissues fragmentation and extensive hyperplasia at the parasitation site, and no structures indicative of heme detoxifying mechanisms in the parasite gut, or other traces of a blood meal. The bacterial biofilm covering C. oestroides mouthparts and pereopods suggests that the isopod may play a role in conveying secondary pathogens to the infected host, or alternatively, it serves the parasite in normal interaction with its environment.

Effects of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) on the immune system of Juvenile European sea bass with a special focus on B and T cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 396-397
Author(s):  
Matthieu Paiola ◽  
Catarina Moreira ◽  
Aurélie Duflot ◽  
Jérome Couteau ◽  
Géraldine Maillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
European Sea Bass

scholarly journals The Use of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis to Trace European Sea Bass (D. labrax) Originating from Different Farming Systems

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2042
Author(s):  
Francesca Tulli ◽  
José M. Moreno-Rojas ◽  
Concetta Maria Messina ◽  
Angela Trocino ◽  
Gerolamo Xiccato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Fish Samples

This study aimed to determine whether isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) can discriminate farmed European sea bass according to different farming systems and geographic origins. Dicentrarchus labrax of commercial size from three different rearing systems (concrete tank inland, sea cages, and extensive methods in valleys or salt works) were collected at the trading period (autumn–winter). For each farming type, different locations spread over Italy were monitored. Once the fish were harvested, the muscle and feed were sampled. For both muscle and feed, δ13C and δ15N were measured by continuous flow elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-EA-IRMS) with the goal of discriminating samples based on the rearing system. Additional δ2H and δ18O measurements of fish samples were performed by continuous flow total combustion elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-TC/EA-IRMS) to track the geographical origin. The measurements of δ13C and δ15N made it possible to discriminate cultured sea bass from different farming systems (extensive vs. intensive) reared at different geographical sites in Italy. Additional information was obtained from δ18O and δ2H, which enabled the geographical areas of origin of the sea bass farmed extensively and intensively (in cages) to be distinguished.

scholarly journals Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and presence of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish in Kelantan and Terengganu states, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
pp. 2064-2072
Author(s):  
Nik Nur Fazlina Nik Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Ruhil Hayati Hamdan ◽  
Maizan Mohamed ◽  
Aziana Ismail ◽  
Ain Auzureen Mat Zin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Aeromonas Sobria ◽  
Fish Samples

Background and Aim: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens has been increasingly reported, which has resulted in a decreasing ability to treat bacterial infections. Therefore, this study investigated the presence of Aeromonas spp., including its antibiotic resistance in various fish samples, Oreochromis spp., Clarias gariepinus, and Pangasius hypophthalmus, obtained from Kelantan and Terengganu, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: In this study, 221 fish samples, of which 108 (Oreochromis spp., n=38; C. gariepinus, n=35; and P. hypophthalmus, n=35) were from Kelantan and 113 (Oreochromis spp., n=38; C. gariepinus, n=35; and P. hypophthalmus, n=40) were from Terengganu, were caught using cast nets. Then, samples from their kidneys were cultured on a Rimler Shott agar to isolate Aeromonas spp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm this isolation using specific gene primers for species identification. Subsequently, the isolates were tested for their sensitivity to 14 antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer method, after which the PCR was conducted again to detect resistance genes: sul1, strA-strB, aadA, blaTEM, blaSHV, tetA-tetE, and tetM. Results: From the results, 61 isolates were identified as being from the genus Aeromonas using PCR, of which 28 were Aeromonas jandaei, 19 were Aeromonas veronii, seven were Aeromonas hydrophila, and seven were Aeromonas sobria. Moreover, 8, 12, and 8 of A. jandaei; 4, 3, and 12 of A. veronii; 6, 0, and 1 of A. hydrophila; and 3, 3, and 1 of A. sobria were obtained from Oreochromis spp., C. gariepinus, and P. hypophthalmus, respectively. In addition, the isolates showed the highest level of resistance to ampicillin (100%), followed by streptomycin (59.0%), each kanamycin and nalidixic acid (41.0%), neomycin (36.1%), tetracycline (19.7%), sulfamethoxazole (14.8%), and oxytetracycline (13.1%). Resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin both had the same percentage (9.8%), whereas isolates showed the lowest resistance to norfloxacin (8.2%) and doxycycline (1.6%). Notably, all Aeromonas isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin. Results also revealed that the multiple antibiotic resistances index of the isolates ranged from 0.07 to 0.64, suggesting that the farmed fish in these areas were introduced to the logged antibiotics indiscriminately and constantly during their cultivation stages. Results also revealed that the sul1 gene was detected in 19.7% of the Aeromonas isolates, whereas the tetracycline resistance genes, tetA and tetE, were detected in 27.9% and 4.9% of the isolates, respectively. However, β-lactam resistance genes, blaTEM and blaSHV, were found in 44.3% and 13.1% of Aeromonas isolates, respectively, whereas strA-strB and aadA genes were found in 3.3% and 13.1% of the isolates, respectively. Conclusion: This study, therefore, calls for continuous surveillance of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. in cultured freshwater fish to aid disease management and better understand their implications to public health.

scholarly journals Kaempferol Protects Mice from D-GalN/LPS-induced Acute Liver Failure by Regulating the Autophagy Pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Feng Ren ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Weihua Li ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Severe Liver ◽  
Autophagy Pathway ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Background Kaempferol, a flavonoid compound present in many edible plants, has been used in traditional medicine and has various biological functions. Acute liver failure (ALF) is a lethal clinical syndrome with severe liver function damage. There are currently no effective treatments for ALF except for liver transplantation. The aim of this study is to explored the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of kaempferol in ALF. Methods The ALF mouse model was established using D-galactosamine (D-GalN, 700 mg/kg)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg/kg). Two hours before the administration of D-GalN/LPS, different group of mice were pretreated according different doses of kaempferol, 6 hours after injection of D-GalN/LPS, and then killed. The survival rate, liver function and inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed. It was determined whether kaempferol pretreatment protected hepatocytes from ALF induced by D-GalN/LPS via autophagy pathway in vivo and in vitro. Results Pretreatment with a high dose of kaempferol significantly decreased the survival rate and increased severe liver damage; however, pretreatment with a low dose of kaempferol showed the opposite effect. Furthermore, pretreatment with a high dose of kaempferol augment the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and markers of the MAPK signaling pathway, while pretreatment with a low dose of kaempferol showed the opposite effect. In addition, pretreatment with a high dose of kaempferol decreased autophagy, but pretreatment with a low dose of kaempferol increased autophagy in vivo and in vitro. It was also proved that pretreatment with 3-methyadenine (3- MA) or Atg7 siRNA to inhibit autophagy partially negated the hepatoprotective effect of kaempferol (5 mg/kg) pretreatment in ALF mice induced by D-GalN/LPS. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that effects of different doses of kaempferol on D-GalN/LPS-induced ALF is remarkably different by regulating the autophagy pathway. Therefore, we should consider selecting the optimal dose of kaempferol as a potential treatment method for patients with ALF.

Application of Chitosan Composite Film to Sliced Fresh Channa argus for Shelf Life Extension

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1550-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Lu ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Fu Xin Yang ◽  
Heng Guang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Thyme Essential Oil ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Channa Argus ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Novel composites consisting of chitosan (Ch), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and thyme essential oil (T) were prepared as a new packing materials. The effects of Ch+PVA+T film on quality and shelf life of Channa argus stored under refrigeration were investigated. The control and the treated fish samples were analyzed periodically for chemical (pH, TVB-N), microbiological (total viable count), and sensory characteristics. The results indicate that samples treated remained acceptable up 15 days while the untreated samples up to11 days of storage. The thyme essential oil addition in samples contributes to a slower process of fish spoilage. The preservative effect is greater as the oil concentration is greater.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document