A Critical Review on the Unexplored Therapeutic Treasure of Himalayan Ayurvedic Drug Daruharidra (Berberis aristata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javed Ahamad ◽  
Raad A Kaskoos ◽  
Faraat Ali ◽  
Showkat R. Mir
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plant ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
Hypolipidemic Agent ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ayurvedic Herb ◽  
Different Parts

: Ayurveda captured almost all herbs in its indications for therapeutics from the period of Vedas. More than 700 plants are discussed elaborately in various classics of Ayurveda of different periods. Berberis aristata DC (Berberidaceae) an Indian medicinal plant, is an Ayurvedic herb used since ancient times. It is commonly known as Daruharidra and Daruhaldi. The plant is useful as an antipyretic, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antihepatotoxic, antidiabetic, anticancer, antioxidant and hypolipidemic agent. Our main objective was to collect information about the active constituents and major pharmacological actions of B. aristata. Review of literature included PubMed, Science Direct searches with ‘Berberis aristata’ and ‘Daruharidra’ as initial keywords. This review aims to highlight the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological uses of B. aristata which will give insights in to developing potentially new bioactives from the plant scaffolds. This review also highlights the phytochemicals isolated from different parts of B. aristata. Daruharidra is a rich source of chemically novel compounds such as berberine and needs elaborate screening strategies to dwell into the pharmacological effects at the molecular level.

scholarly journals Withania Somnifera (Ashwagandha) and Withaferin A: Potential in Integrative Oncology

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinku Dutta ◽  
Roukiah Khalil ◽  
Ryan Green ◽  
Shyam S Mohapatra ◽  
Subhra Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Active Component ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Withaferin A ◽  
Integrative Oncology ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Ayurvedic Herb ◽  
Different Parts

Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera, WS), belonging to the family Solanaceae, is an Ayurvedic herb known worldwide for its numerous beneficial health activities since ancient times. This medicinal plant provides benefits against many human illnesses such as epilepsy, depression, arthritis, diabetes, and palliative effects such as analgesic, rejuvenating, regenerating, and growth-promoting effects. Several clinical trials of the different parts of the herb have demonstrated safety in patients suffering from these diseases. In the last two decades, an active component of Withaferin A (WFA) has shown tremendous cytotoxic activity suggesting its potential as an anti-carcinogenic agent in treatment of several cancers. In spite of enormous progress, a thorough elaboration of the proposed mechanism and mode of action is absent. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the properties of WS extracts (WSE) containing complex mixtures of diverse components including WFA, which have shown inhibitory properties against many cancers, (breast, colon, prostate, colon, ovarian, lung, brain), along with their mechanism of actions and pathways involved.

scholarly journals Nutrigenomics: Definitions and Advances of This New Science

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. R. Sales ◽  
P. B. Pelegrini ◽  
M. C. Goersch
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
World Population ◽  
New Science ◽  
Reciprocal Interactions ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Human Genome Project

The search for knowledge regarding healthy/adequate food has increased in the last decades among the world population, researchers, nutritionists, and health professionals. Since ancient times, humans have known that environment and food can interfere with an individual’s health condition, and have used food and plants as medicines. With the advance of science, especially after the conclusion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), scientists started questioning if the interaction between genes and food bioactive compounds could positively or negatively influence an individual’s health. In order to assess this interaction between genes and nutrients, the term “Nutrigenomics” was created. Hence, Nutrigenomics corresponds to the use of biochemistry, physiology, nutrition, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics to seek and explain the existing reciprocal interactions between genes and nutrients at a molecular level. The discovery of these interactions (gene-nutrient) will aid the prescription of customized diets according to each individual’s genotype. Thus, it will be possible to mitigate the symptoms of existing diseases or to prevent future illnesses, especially in the area of Nontransmissible Chronic Diseases (NTCDs), which are currently considered an important world public health problem.

COMMERCIAL FAUNA OF WA-TERBODIES IN THE MOSCOW RIVER BASIN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18th CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-112
Author(s):  
N. Ozerova
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Land Survey ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Moscow River

Based on the data from economic notes to the General Land Survey, the ranges of commercial fish and crayfish species that inhabited waterbodies of the Moscow River basin in the second half of the 18th century are reconstructed. Eighteen maps showing the distribution of 22 fish species, including Acipenser ruthenus L., Abramis brama L., Barbatula barbatula L., Lota lota L., Sander lucioperca L. and others are compiled. Comparison of commercial fish species that lived in the Moscow River basin in the second half of the 18th century with data from ichthyological studies in the beginning of the XXI century and materials of archaeological surveys shows that almost all of these species have lived in the Moscow River basin since ancient times and have survived to the present day.

scholarly journals Bentuk-bentuk Akronim yang Digunakan di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Dinas (UPTD) Balai Peralatan dan Perbekalan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Loindong ◽  
Gayda Bachmid ◽  
Djeinnie Imbang
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Regular System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Internal Object ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Almost All

Language is a means of human communication through social interaction with others. According to Chomsky, language is a collection of sentences, each with a certain length and built by a set of specific elements. Language is a regular system from various forms of sounds used in expressing thoughts and feelings of the users of the language. Indonesian language was born on October 28, 1928, grew and developed from the Malay language since ancient times, and has been used as a lingua franca not only in the archipelago, but also in almost all of Southeast Asia. This study examines the language based on the internal object of linguistic study; micro linguistic and one of its sub-discipline is morphology, focused on forms of acronyms used in UPTD Balai Peralatan dan Perbekalan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. The research focus is on the forms of acronyms used in UPTD Balai Peralatan dan Perbekalan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. There are three forms of acronyms used by the Aparatur Sipil Negera (Civil Servant) and Tenaga Harian Lepas (Intern) on UPTD Balai Peralatan dan Perbekalan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, which is acronym whose form is determined by the formation process based on the theory of O'Grady, Dobrovolsky, theory of Kridalaksana. H., and one of the form does not follow the two existing theories. Of the thirty two acronyms found, twenty nine are formal acronyms in Indonesian language and the other three are informal acronyms.  

Analytical Methodology from Lavoisier to Mendeleev

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fontani ◽  
Mariagrazia Costa ◽  
Mary Virginia Orna
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Change ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Within the period covered by Part II, 1789–1869, 37 true elements, almost all of them metals, were discovered. Prior to this time, about 14 metals had been discovered, excluding those that had been known from ancient times. The discovery of the elements during this period of interest is intimately related to the analytical methodologies available to chemists, as well as to a growing consciousness of just what an element is. Because these methods were also available to the less competent who may have lacked the skills to use them or the knowledge to interpret their results, their use also led to as many, if not more, erroneous discoveries in the same period. One can number among the major sources of error faulty interpretation of experimental data, the “rediscovery” of an already known element, sample impurities, very similar chemical properties (as in the case of the rare earths), the presence of an element in nature in very scarce or trace amounts, gross experimental errors, confusion of oxides and earths with their metals, and baseless dogmatic pronouncements by known “authorities” in the field. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier’s conceptualization of what constitutes an element was a radical break from the principles of alchemy. His stipulation that an element is a substance that cannot be further decomposed conferred an operational, pragmatic, concrete definition on what had previously been a more abstract concept. At the other end of the spectrum was the intuition of Dmitri Mendeleev who, contrary to the prevailing acceptance of Lavoisier’s concept, stressed the importance of retaining a more abstract, more fundamental sense of an element—an idea that in the long run enabled the development of the periodic table. What both men had in common is that they defined and named individual elements as those components of substances that could survive chemical change and whose presence in compounds could explain their physical and chemical properties. Mendeleev’s table has been immortalized in every chemistry classroom—and also concretely in Saint Petersburg, the city that saw most of his professional activity, by a spectacular building-sized model The analytical chemist depends on both of these concepts and indeed, analytical practice preceded Lavoisier’s concept by at least a century.

Into the Icehouse

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Zalasiewicz ◽  
Mark Williams
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Earth System ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Popular Image

The frozen lands of the north are an unforgiving place for humans to live. The Inuit view of the cosmos is that it is ruled by no one, with no gods to create wind and sun and ice, or to provide punishment or forgiveness, or to act as Earth Mother or Father. Amid those harsh landscapes, belief is superfluous, and only fear can be relied on as a guide. How could such a world begin, and end? In Nordic mythology, in ancient times there used to be a yet greater kingdom of ice, ruled by the ice giant, Ymir Aurgelmir. To make a world fit for humans, Ymir was killed by three brothers—Odin, Vilje, and Ve. The blood of the dying giant drowned his own children, and formed the seas, while the body of the dead giant became the land. To keep out other ice giants that yet lived in the far north, Odin and his brothers made a wall out of Ymir’s eyebrows. One may see, fancifully, those eyebrows still, in the form of the massive, curved lines of morainic hills that run across Sweden and Finland. We now have a popular image of Ymir’s domain—the past ‘Ice Age’—as snowy landscapes of a recent past, populated by mammoths and woolly rhinos and fur-clad humans (who would have been beginning to create such legends to explain the precarious world on which they lived). This image, as we have seen, represents a peculiarly northern perspective. The current ice age is geologically ancient, for the bulk of the world’s land-ice had already grown to cover almost all Antarctica, more than thirty million years ago. Nevertheless, a mere two and a half million years ago, there was a significant transition in Earth history—an intensification of the Earth’s icehouse state that spread more or less permanent ice widely across the northern polar regions of the world. This intensification— via those fiendishly complex teleconnections that characterize the Earth system—changed the face of the entire globe. The changes can be detected in the sedimentary strata that were then being deposited around the world.

scholarly journals Seeing the Unseen of the Combination of Two Natural Resins, Frankincense and Myrrh: Changes in Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Cao ◽  
Xi-Chuan Wei ◽  
Xiao-Rong Xu ◽  
Hai-Zhu Zhang ◽  
Chuan-Hong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Channel Characteristics ◽  
Natural Resins ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Drugs

For the treatment of diseases, especially chronic diseases, traditional natural drugs have more effective therapeutic advantages because of their multi-target and multi-channel characteristics. Among many traditional natural medicines, resins frankincense and myrrh have been proven to be effective in the treatment of inflammation and cancer. In the West, frankincense and myrrh have been used as incense in religious and cultural ceremonies since ancient times; in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine, they are used mainly for the treatment of chronic diseases. The main chemical constituents of frankincense and myrrh are terpenoids and essential oils. Their common pharmacological effects are anti-inflammatory and anticancer. More interestingly, in traditional Chinese medicine, frankincense and myrrh have been combined as drug pairs in the same prescription for thousands of years, and their combination has a better therapeutic effect on diseases than a single drug. After the combination of frankincense and myrrh forms a blend, a series of changes take place in their chemical composition, such as the increase or decrease of the main active ingredients, the disappearance of native chemical components, and the emergence of new chemical components. At the same time, the pharmacological effects of the combination seem magically powerful, such as synergistic anti-inflammation, synergistic anticancer, synergistic analgesic, synergistic antibacterial, synergistic blood-activation, and so on. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of these two natural resins, along with chemical and pharmacological studies on the combination of the two.

scholarly journals CONNECTION APPROACHES BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SHOREA ROBUSTA GAERTN. F.: A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Different Parts

Shorea robusta is regarded as an important medicine in Ayurveda. S. robusta Gaertn. f. belongs to family Dipterocarpaceae, and traditionally, it is used to treat wounds, ulcers, leprosy, cough, gonorrhea, earache, and headache and many more. The use of different parts of this plant such as leaves, resin, and bark as a medicament for the treatment of various conditions is well documented in literature. It is the rich source of flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, phenols, etc. mainly triterpenoids, which play the prominent role for their therapeutic potential in the drug. These compounds are believed to be responsible for the pharmacological activities of plant extract. The present review clarified the main active ingredients and pharmacological effects of S. robusta as a promising plant as a result of effectiveness and safety. Further studies should be carried out this plant to discover the unrevealed part of it which may serve for the welfare of humankind.

scholarly journals Co-seismic luminescence in Lima, 150 km from the epicenter of the Pisco, Peru earthquake of 15 August 2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Heraud ◽  
J. A. Lira
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Peruvian Coast ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Earthquake Lights

Abstract. The first photographs of Co-seismic Luminescence, commonly known as Earthquake lights (EQLs), were reported in 1968 in Japan. However, there have been documented reports of luminescence associated with earthquakes since ancient times in different parts of the world. Besides this, there is modern scientific work dealing with evidence of and models for the production of such lights. During the Peru 15 August 2007 Mw=8.0 earthquake which occurred at 06:40 p.m. LT, hence dark in the southern wintertime, several EQLs were observed along the Peruvian coast and extensively reported in the capital city of Lima, about 150 km northwest of the epicenter. These lights were video-recorded by a security camera installed at the Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP) campus and time-correlated with seismic ground accelerations registered at the seismological station on campus, analyzed and related to highly qualified eyewitness observations of the phenomena from other parts of the city and to other video recordings. We believe the evidence presented here contributes significantly to sustain the hypothesis that electromagnetic phenomena related to seismic activity can occur, at least during an earthquake. It is highly probable that continued research in luminescence and the use of magnetometers in studying electromagnetic activity and radon gas emanation detectors will contribute even more towards determining their occurrence during and probably prior to seismic activity.

scholarly journals Spinal Osteosarcoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. CMO.S10099 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Katonis ◽  
G. Datsis ◽  
A. Karantanas ◽  
A. Kampouroglou ◽  
S. Lianoudakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Primary Bone Tumor ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Genetic Complexity ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Almost All

Although osteosarcoma represents the second most common primary bone tumor, spinal involvement is rare, accounting for 3%–5% of all osteosarcomas. The most frequent symptom of osteosarcoma is pain, which appears in almost all patients, whereas more than 70% exhibit neurologic deficit. At a molecular level, it is a tumor of great genetic complexity and several genetic disorders have been associated with its appearance. Early diagnosis and careful surgical staging are the most important factors in accomplishing sufficient management. Even though overall prognosis remains poor, en-block tumor removal combined with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy is currently the treatment of choice. This paper outlines histopathological classification, epidemiology, diagnostic procedures, and current concepts of management of spinal osteosarcoma.

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