A Review Article on the Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants for Prevention and Treatment of secondary infection in patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Rathore ◽  
Richa Tripathy Tiwari ◽  
Neha Rai ◽  
Debarshi Kar Mahapatra ◽  
Shailendra Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
International Health ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Herbal Formulations

: COVID-19 is an infectious disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) that is rapidly spreading all over the world and responsible for the international health crisis. In an earlier period, various synthetic antiviral drugs and clinical therapies have been used to control the viral infection but at present, there is no specific treatment available for COVID-19 infection. Several approaches like ritonavir, lopinavir, hydroxychloroquine, and chloroquine have been proposed. India is a hub of medicinal plants, so there is a chance to find out the way to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. The medicinal herbal formulations may enhance the immunity and come up with a powerful antiviral drug, which is an urgent need to control the outbreak of coronavirus. In this review article, we have discussed epidemiology, clinical outcomes, treatment, and prevention of this novel epidemic coronavirus from medicinal herbal formulations perspective. We have also emphasized the reported antiviral activity and immunity-boosting property of the Indian medicinal plants. This article also suggests that the drug or formulation obtained from medicinal plant sources may have low fatal outcomes, quick response, and safe in the management and prevention of this pandemic outbreak.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potentials of Antiviral Plants Used in Traditional African Medicine With COVID-19 in Focus: A Nigerian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Francis Attah ◽  
Adeshola Adebayo Fagbemi ◽  
Olujide Olubiyi ◽  
Hannah Dada-Adegbola ◽  
Akinseinde Oluwadotun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by an infectious novel strain of coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was earlier referred to as 2019-nCoV. The respiratory disease is the most consequential global public health crisis of the 21st century whose level of negative impact increasingly experienced globally has not been recorded since World War II. Up till now, there has been no specific globally authorized antiviral drug, vaccines, supplement or herbal remedy available for the treatment of this lethal disease except preventive measures, supportive care and non-specific treatment options adopted in different countries via divergent approaches to halt the pandemic. However, many of these interventions have been documented to show some level of success particularly the Traditional Chinese Medicine while there is paucity of well reported studies on the impact of the widely embraced Traditional African Medicines (TAM) adopted so far for the prevention, management and treatment of COVID-19. We carried out a detailed review of publicly available data, information and claims on the potentials of indigenous plants used in Sub-Saharan Africa as antiviral remedies with potentials for the prevention and management of COVID-19. In this review, we have provided a holistic report on evidence-based antiviral and promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties of African medicinal plants based on in silico evidence, in vitro assays and in vivo experiments alongside the available data on their mechanistic pharmacology. In addition, we have unveiled knowledge gaps, provided an update on the effort of African Scientific community toward demystifying the dreadful SARS-CoV-2 micro-enemy of man and have documented popular anti-COVID-19 herbal claims emanating from the continent for the management of COVID-19 while the risk potentials of herb-drug interaction of antiviral phytomedicines when used in combination with orthodox drugs have also been highlighted. This review exercise may lend enough credence to the potential value of African medicinal plants as possible leads in anti-COVID-19 drug discovery through research and development.

scholarly journals Plant Products as Inhibitors of Coronavirus 3CL Protease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Mandal ◽  
Ajeet Kumar Jha ◽  
Banasri Hazra
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
English Studies ◽  
Isatis Indigotica ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
3Cl Protease ◽  
Drug Discovery Target

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has created an alarming situation due to extensive loss of human lives and economy, posing enormous threat to global health security. Till date, no antiviral drug or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 has reached the market, although a number of clinical trials are under way. The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro), playing pivotal roles in coronavirus replication and polyprotein processing, is essential for its life cycle. In fact, 3CLpro is already a proven drug discovery target for SARS- and MERS-CoVs. This underlines the importance of 3CL protease in the design of potent drugs against COVID-19.Methods: We have collected one hundred twenty-seven relevant literatures to prepare the review article. PubMed, Google Scholar and other scientific search engines were used to collect the literature based on keywords, like “SARS-CoVs-3CL protease,” “medicinal plant and anti-SARS-CoVs-3CL protease” published during 2003–2020. However, earlier publications related to this topic are also cited for necessary illustration and discussion. Repetitive articles and non-English studies were excluded.Results: From the literature search, we have enlisted medicinal plants reported to inhibit coronavirus 3CL protease. Some of the plants like Isatis tinctoria L. (syn. Isatis indigotica Fort.), Torreya nucifera (L.) Siebold and Zucc., Psoralea corylifolia L., and Rheum palmatum L. have exhibited strong anti-3CLpro activity. We have also discussed about the phytochemicals with encouraging antiviral activity, such as, bavachinin, psoralidin, betulinic acid, curcumin and hinokinin, isolated from traditional medicinal plants.Conclusion: Currently, searching for a plant-derived novel drug with better therapeutic index is highly desirable due to lack of specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2. It is expected that in-depth evaluation of medicinally important plants would reveal new molecules with significant potential to inhibit coronavirus 3CL protease for development into approved antiviral drug against COVID-19 in future.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Effects of Favipiravir on Coronavirus: An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 1087-1095
Author(s):  
Prerna Tejaswi ◽  
Kumar Devashish ◽  
Raj Ranjan Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Novel Virus

The coronavirus pandemic is the worst health crisis of our time. There is a massive upsurge of the cases and no specific treatment options of this novel virus (SARS-CoV-2).Due to no time for research and development of a new drug or a vaccine, old and existing broad spectrum antiviral drugs were tried and tested. Favipiravir showed promising results in mild to moderate COVID-19 infection in small studies. The drug is approved with precaution under emergency use, as its safety profile is still not clear. We have considered every aspect of favipiravir and compiled all the latest information about the drug in this review article.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure, Transmission, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Rawaa S. Al-Mayyahi ◽  
Wa'il A. Godaymi Al-Tumah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which represents a global public health crisis. Based on recent published studies, this review discusses current evidence related to the transmission, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, management and prevention of COVID-19. It is hoped that this review article will provide a benefit for the public to well understand and deal with this new virus, and give a reference for future researches.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and method preparation of some medicinal plants used to treat asthma-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Bihonegn Sisay ◽  
Eyob Debebe ◽  
Asfaw Meresa ◽  
Worku Gemechu ◽  
Tsion kasahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Key Words Asthma ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Scientific Database ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Herbal Formulations

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the present day in which its incidence and severity are increasing. It is highly prevalent global disease; affecting approximately 300 million individuals worldwide. Different medicinal plants have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices for the treatment of asthma in different part of the world since prehistoric times. The aim of this review article is to explore and compile the ethno medicinal uses, phytochemistry and method of preparation of commonly used medicinal plants for the management of asthma in Ethiopia. A comprehensive and systematic web-based search of full length experimental, ethno-botanical and ethno medicinal survey articles from scientific database like Pub Med, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar, were undertaken using key words: asthma, medicinal plants, ethno-botanical, herbal, phytochemistry so as to document this review article. About 23 medicinal plants like Papilionaceae, Caricaceae, Moringaceae, Liliaceae, Asteraceae etc. were found among the most common used medicinal plants in the society for the treatment of asthma. A good number of contemporary medicines have evolved from traditional medicines thus in the present circumstances, our traditional system must be given an objective and critical examination. Further research must be carried out to determine the fraction(s)/compounds that are mostly responsible for the observed anti-asthmatic activity as this will lead to drug development. As well, the potency of plants used in combination as beside being used individually should be further researched. It is recommended that further research is needed to anti-asthmatic plants and standardization of herbal formulations/preparations and to determine their side effect, efficacy, safety etc.

Strength training in children and adolescents: science, effects and recommandations

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
International Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Strengthening Exercises ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Practical Recommendations

During the last years, muscle strengthening exercises have been included as an essential part in youth physical activity guidelines of national and international health organisations. It is well-documented that strength training is effective in improving physical fitness and promoting health and psycho-social well-being. Therefore, the purpose of this review article is to present empirical evidence on the effectiveness of strength training in children and adolescents. Additionally, and with reference to an established youth physical development model, conceptual and methodological aspects of safe and effective strength training in youth will be discussed and specific practical recommendations will be presented.

Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds for Diabetes Management: Important Advances for Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam ◽  
Bhasha Shanmugam ◽  
Gangigunta Venkatasubbaiah ◽  
Sahukari Ravi ◽  
Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Background : Diabetes is a major public health problem in the world. It affects each and every part of the human body and also leads to organ failure. Hence, great progress made in the field of herbal medicine and diabetic research. Objectives: Our review will focus on the effect of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants which are used to treat diabetes in India and other countries. Methods: Information regarding diabetes, oxidative stress, medicinal plants and bioactive compounds were collected from different search engines like Science direct, Springer, Wiley online library, Taylor and francis, Bentham Science, Pubmed and Google scholar. Data was analyzed and summarized in the review. Results and Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs that are in use have many side effects on vital organs like heart, liver, kidney and brain. There is an urgent need for alternative medicine to treat diabetes and their disorders. In India and other countries herbal medicine was used to treat diabetes. Many herbal plants have antidiabetic effects. The plants like ginger, phyllanthus, curcumin, aswagandha, aloe, hibiscus and curcuma showed significant anti-hyperglycemic activities in experimental models and humans. The bioactive compounds like Allicin, azadirachtin, cajanin, curcumin, querceitin, gingerol possesses anti-diabetic, antioxidant and other pharmacological properties. This review focuses on the role of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants in prevention and management of diabetes. Conclusion: Moreover, our review suggests that bioactive compounds have the potential therapeutic potential against diabetes. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these findings.

scholarly journals Chalepin and Chalepensin: Occurrence, Biosynthesis and Therapeutic Potential

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Shaymaa Al-Majmaie ◽  
Afaf Al-Groshi ◽  
Azhar Rasul ◽  
Satyajit D. Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Natural Distribution ◽  
Antiplatelet Aggregation ◽  
Ruta Chalepensis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Dihydrofuranocoumarin, chalepin (1) and furanocoumarin, chalepensin (2) are 3-prenylated bioactive coumarins, first isolated from the well-known medicinal plant Ruta chalepensis L. (Fam: Rutaceae) but also distributed in various species of the genera Boenminghausenia, Clausena and Ruta. The distribution of these compounds appears to be restricted to the plants of the family Rutaceae. To date, there have been a considerable number of bioactivity studies performed on coumarins 1 and 2, which include their anticancer, antidiabetic, antifertility, antimicrobial, antiplatelet aggregation, antiprotozoal, antiviral and calcium antagonistic properties. This review article presents a critical appraisal of publications on bioactivity of these 3-prenylated coumarins in the light of their feasibility as novel therapeutic agents and investigate their natural distribution in the plant kingdom, as well as a plausible biosynthetic route.

scholarly journals Neurobiology of Cancer: Introduction of New Drugs in the Treatment and Prevention of Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6115
Author(s):  
Boris Mravec
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Adrenergic Signaling ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer

Research on the neurobiology of cancer, which lies at the border of neuroscience and oncology, has elucidated the mechanisms and pathways that enable the nervous system to modulate processes associated with cancer initiation and progression. This research has also shown that several drugs which modulate interactions between the nervous system and the tumor micro- and macroenvironments significantly reduced the progression of cancer in animal models. Encouraging results were also provided by prospective clinical trials investigating the effect of drugs that reduce adrenergic signaling on the course of cancer in oncological patients. Moreover, it has been shown that reducing adrenergic signaling might also reduce the incidence of cancer in animal models, as well as in humans. However, even if many experimental and clinical findings have confirmed the preventive and therapeutic potential of drugs that reduce the stimulatory effect of the nervous system on processes related to cancer initiation and progression, several questions remain unanswered. Therefore, the aim of this review is to critically evaluate the efficiency of these drugs and to discuss questions that need to be answered before their introduction into conventional cancer treatment and prevention.

scholarly journals Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: current understanding, challenge and perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-299
Author(s):  
Yang Huang ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
Shaowei Li ◽  
Qingbing Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Viral Escape ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Abstract The rapid emergence of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) as a pandemic that presents an urgent human health crisis. Many SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were developed with efficient therapeutic potential. NAbs-based therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 are being expedited to preclinical and clinical studies with two antibody drugs, LY3819253 (LY-CoV555) and REGN-COV2 (REGN10933 and REGN10987), approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for emergency use authorization for treating COVID-19. In this review, we provide a systemic overview of SARS-CoV-2 specific or cross-reactive NAbs and discuss their structures, functions and neutralization mechanisms. We provide insight into how these NAbs specific recognize the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 or cross-react to other CoVs. We also summarize the challenges of NAbs therapeutics such as antibody-dependent enhancement and viral escape mutations. Such evidence is urgently needed to the development of antibody therapeutic interventions that are likely required to reduce the global burden of COVID-19.

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