Effect of UV-Irradiation and Ozone Exposure on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA/LDPE Films

Strength Parameters ◽

Thermophysical Characteristics ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Range Of Values

Abstract. The mechanical properties of polymer composites based on polylactide vary significantly over a wide range of values. It has been established that photodegradation of low-density polyethylene – polylactide blends occurs both in the amorphous and in the crystalline phase of the PLA matrix, which leads to deterioration of the mechanical properties of the studied mixtures. Ozonolysis affects the strength parameters of polylactide-polyethylene samples as well as photodegradation. By the differential scanning calorimetry it is determined that the melting point of polylactide decreases by 2-4 °C, the glass transition temperature - by 1-3 °C, while the degree of crystallinity increases by 3-6%. In the process of ozonolysis, the thermophysical characteristics of PLA/LDPE have changed.

LMPP Effects on Morphology, Crystallization, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of iPP/LMPP Blend Fibres

Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0011.5735 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2(128)) ◽

pp. 26-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Munir Hussain ◽

Feichao Zhu ◽

Bin Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Isotactic Polypropylene ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Breaking Elongation ◽

Low Modulus ◽

The thermal properties and morphological characterisation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) homopolymer and its blends with low molecular low modulus polypropylene (LMPP) were studied. Firstly blends were prepared with variant LMPP contents, and their properties were characterised using SEM, DSC, XRD, and DMA. Later the mechanical properties of iPP/LMPP blend fibres were investigated. SEM results showed that the iPP/LMPP blends produced smoother surfaces when the LMPP content was increased, as well as the miscibility. All the Tg values with different LMPP percentages were in-between pure iPP and LMPP. The XRD results indicated the LMPP percentage decreased along with the degree of crystallinity of the iPP/LMPP blends (5% to 15%), which increased and then decreased as compared to pure iPP. The elongation at break increased when the LMPP content increased, with the maximum breaking elongation of the LMPP 25% blend reaching 12.95%, which showed great stretch-ability, whereas the elastic modulus of iPP/LMPP blends decreased.

CONNECTION BETWEEN STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF IRRIADIATED POLYETHER ETHER KETONE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Tribologia ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0012.6981 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 278 (2) ◽

pp. 95-101

Author(s):

Aneta NIEMIEC

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Glass Transition ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Radiation Energy ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Polyether Ether Ketone ◽

Ether Ketone ◽

The Impact ◽

The article presents the results of research on the impact of structural changes in polyether ether ketone (PEEK) on its mechanical properties. The polymer was exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 50 and 150 kGy, and the radiation energy was 4 MeV. Changes in the degree of crystallinity and the related changes in the glass transition and melting temperature for the polymer were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Mechanical properties were determined using the micro-mentoring method. The tests showed a change in the degree of crystallinity in the range of several degrees and a significant increase in the glass transition temperature. In terms of mechanical properties, the reduction of hardness and Young’s modulus was observed. Observed changes, especially in terms of changes in the structure of the polymer under the influence of radiation, are difficult to explain, which requires conducting further research, especially in the range of irradiation parameters used. Further research is important because PEEK is used in many fields, especially in conditions conducive to corrosion and the influence of radiation.

Studies of properties of polypropylene/halloysite composites

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology ◽

10.2478/v10026-011-0039-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 61-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Agnieszka Szczygielska ◽

Jacek Kijeński

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Polymer Composites ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Polypropylene Composites ◽

Modification Method ◽

Studies of properties of polypropylene/halloysite compositesThe results of the studies on the synthesis, mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene composites with various amount of halloysite filler are presented. Halloysite (HNT) belongs to the silica type characterized by a two-layer 1:1 structure. This work was aimed to develop a method for the modification of halloysite in its prime use as a filler for polypropylene by extrusion. The composites contain 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt.% of HNT. The degree of crystallinity of the composites decrease with increasing halloysite content. The results confirm the expectations that composites of interesting physicochemical, mechanical and thermal properties can be obtained. The mechanical properties studied show that the filler modification method used leads to the synthesis of polymer composites of improved thermal and mechanical properties.

Effect of Poling on the Mechanical Properties of β-Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.951 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 514-516 ◽

pp. 951-955 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carlos M. Costa ◽

Vitor Sencadas ◽

João F. Mano ◽

Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Response ◽

Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Direction Parallel ◽

Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

The Stability ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

In this work, mechanical and thermal experimental techniques have been applied in order to relate the mechanical response with the microscopic variations of the material. Stress-strain results along the main directions of β-poly(vinylidene fluoride), β-PVDF, in poled and non-poled samples enables to investigate the influence of the poling process on the mechanical response of the material. Further, differential scanning calorimetry experiments allow the investigation of the effect of poling in the degree of crystallinity of the material as well as on the stability of the crystalline phase. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to investigate the kinetics of the thermal degradation of poled and non-poled β-PVDF samples. The differences observed between the two materials suggest that the poling affects the mechanical properties of the material especially in the direction parallel to the polymeric chains and originates changes at a molecular level that remain beyond the melting of the material.

An insight on the process–property relationships of melt spun polylactic acid fibers

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/0040517519845684 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 (23-24) ◽

pp. 4959-4966 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AM Ali ◽

HM El-Dessouky

Keyword(s):

Polylactic Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Laser Diffractometry ◽

Wide Range ◽

Innovative Materials ◽

Polylactic acid (PLA) fibers are receiving growing interest as one of the recent innovative materials being developed for various applications. The inherent biodegradability of PLA makes it highly attractive for the biomedical and health care sectors. PLA fibers need to be partially and/or highly oriented to allow high performance and readiness for a wide range of manufacturability. In this study, the structure and properties of PLA fibers, manufactured at different spinning speeds, were studied. Laser diffractometry, polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the diameter, birefringence, molecular orientation, enthalpy and degree of crystallinity of as-spun and drawn PLA fibers. The results of DSC and XRD showed that the degree of crystallinity of the PLA fibers is significantly improved for the drawn PLA fibers compared to the as-spun fibers and leveled off in the case of changing the take-up speeds of drawn fibers.

Study of rheological and mechanical properties of ternary blends of iPP/LDPE/EPDM

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2011-0130 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Said Bouhelal ◽

M. Esperanza Cagiao ◽

Maria Laura Di Lorenzo ◽

Foued Zouai ◽

Souhila Khellaf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Ternary Blends ◽

Reactive Blending ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Rheological Analysis ◽

Whole Process ◽

Crosslinking Reactions ◽

Abstract Compatible blends of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)/low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) were prepared by reactive blending in the presence of dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The blends were characterized using different techniques: dynamical rheological analysis (DRA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), viscosity and impact strength, to evaluate their properties. Results revealed that the presence of the peroxide in LDPE/EPDM blends gives rise to crosslinking reactions, as is the case in iPP/LDPE/EPDM blends. However, in the latter case, scission reactions of the iPP component also take place. As a consequence of the whole process, morphological changes arise mainly in the amorphous regions, without affecting the degree of crystallinity of the components. The mechanical properties of the blends are consequently improved, due to the crosslinked network thus formed in the blends.

Evaluation of the types of starch for preparation of LDPE/starch blends

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132007000300001 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 361-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Glória Maria Vinhas ◽

Suzana Moreira de Lima ◽

Lívia Almeida Santos ◽

Maria Alice Gomes de Andrade Lima ◽

Yêda Medeiros Bastos de Almeida

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Cellular Growth ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Different Types ◽

Before And After ◽

Starch Blends ◽

Short Time ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

This study evaluated in relation the growth, and the amylolytic activity of mixed and isolated cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Talaromyces wortmanni on different types of starch. The thermal and mechanical properties in polyethylene/starch blends (proportion: 80/20 (w/w) before and after inoculation of the mixed cultures were evaluated. The regular starch Amidex 3 and the modified starch Fox5901 stood out in relation to the cellular growth and production of the amylase enzyme. In spite of the short time that the blends were exposed to the fungi, the microorganisms promoted physical and chemical changes in the structure of the blend, modifying its thermal and mechanical properties. The alteration of the degree of crystallinity and mechanical properties of the blends could be indications of the modification caused by the biodegradation process.

Study of the annealing influence on the mechanical performance of PA12 and PA12 fibre reinforced FFF printed specimens

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-10-2019-0278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 1761-1770

Author(s):

Isaac Ferreira ◽

Carolina Melo ◽

Rui Neto ◽

Margarida Machado ◽

Jorge Lino Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Annealing Treatment ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Fibre Reinforcement ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Content Type ◽

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the mechanical performance of FFF parts when subjected to post processing thermal treatment. Therefore, a study of the annealing treatment influence on the mechanical properties was performed. For this, two different types of Nylon (PA12) were used, FX256 and CF15, being the second a short fibre reinforcement version of the first one. Design/methodology/approach In this study, tensile and flexural properties of specimens produced via FFF were determined after being annealed at temperatures of 135°C, 150°C or 165°C during 3, 6, 12 or 18 h and compared with the non-treated conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to determine the degree of crystallinity. To evaluate the annealing parameters’ influence on the mechanical properties, a full factorial design of experiments was developed, followed by an analysis of variance, as well as post hoc comparisons, to determine the most significative intervening factors and their effect on the results. Findings The results indicate that CF15 increased its tensile modulus, strength, flexural modulus and flexural strength around 11%, while FX256 presented similar values for tensile properties, doubling for flexural results. Flexural strain presented an improvement, indicating an increased interlayer behaviour. Concerning to the DSC analysis, an increase in the degree of crystallinity for all the annealed parts. Originality/value Overall, the annealing treatment process cause a significant improvement in the mechanical performance of the material, with the exception of 165°C annealed specimens, in which a decrease of the mechanical properties was observed, resultant of material degradation.

Preparation and Properties of Recycled PET Fibers Filled Polyethylene Composites

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.89 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 848 ◽

pp. 89-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhi Gang Wang ◽

Wen Hao Xi ◽

Jing Bo Zhou ◽

Jia Ming Xu ◽

Guang Li

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Stability ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Recycled Pet ◽

Recycled Polyethylene ◽

Pet Fibers ◽

Responding to the resource waste and environmental damage, the recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) fibers were successfully obtained from waste PET textiles using a PFI mill. The high density polyethylene (HDPE)-based composites reinforced with recycled PET fibers were manufactured by melting blend. The mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by mechanical property test. The thermal stability and crystallinity were analyzed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and their microstructures were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties of the composites indicated the significant improvements in tensile, flexural and impact properties by increasing the recycled PET fibers to 20wt%. The morphological and structural results showed that the recycled PET fibers dispersed well in HDPE matrix with the help of PE-g-MAH as a compatibilizer. The thermal analysis revealed that the degree of crystallinity and crystallizing rate tended to increase, while the thermal stability remained stable. In addition, using PFI mill in dealing with the waste textiles will help open new ways for recycling of waste textiles.

Relationship between the Stereocomplex Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of PLLA/PDLA Blends

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13111851 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1851

Author(s):

Hye-Seon Park ◽

Chang-Kook Hong

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Crystallization Behavior ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Nucleation Agent ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Nucleation Sites ◽

Wide Range ◽

Degree Of Crystallization

Poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) is a promising biomedical polymer material with a wide range of applications. The diverse enantiomeric forms of PLLA provide great opportunities for thermal and mechanical enhancement through stereocomplex formation. The addition of poly (d-lactic acid) (PDLA) as a nucleation agent and the formation of stereocomplex crystallization (SC) have been proven to be an effective method to improve the crystallization and mechanical properties of the PLLA. In this study, PLLA was blended with different amounts of PDLA through a melt blending process and their properties were calculated. The effect of the PDLA on the crystallization behavior, thermal, and mechanical properties of PLLA were investigated systematically by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile test. Based on our findings, SC formed easily when PDLA content was increased, and acts as nucleation sites. Both SC and homo crystals (HC) were observed in the PLLA/PDLA blends. As the content of PDLA increased, the degree of crystallization increased, and the mechanical strength also increased.