Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Analysis of Asystasia Variabilis Trim. - An Extrapharmacopoeal Ayurvedic Medicinal Plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha . ◽  
Shrikanth P. ◽  
Ravikrishna S. ◽  
Suchithra Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Family ◽  
Traditional Practitioners

Background - Asystasia Variabilis Trim. also known as Maithaala Kaddi by traditional practitioners of Udupi. Belonging to the family Acanthaceae. Is a semi-scandent herb, and effectively used by the Folklore practitioners for the management of Amlapitta (acid peptic disorder), worm infestations and rheumatism. Aim - To explore the pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical parameters of plant to standardize the drug. Materials and Methods - whole mature plant of A.variabilis was collected from Udupi district. Macroscopic, microscopic physico-chemical standards, HPTLC and secondary metabolites screening were scientifically recorded. Results - The pharmacognostical leaf study has shown single layered epidermis throughout midrib and lamina. Anatomical features of stem exhibit single layer of epidermis covered with trichomes. Inner to this, densely arranged collenchyma cells are present. In transverse section of root showed epidermal layer is surrounded by root hairs which are abundant. Powder microscopy characteristics showed the presence of starch in parenchyma region, mesophyll cells with stomata and sclerides were present. The standard out print of the drug is represented by physicochemical standards and HPTLC. Preliminary Phytochemical study shows that it contains Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Steroids, Tannins and Phenol. Conclusion - Pharmacognostical study carried out on A.variabilis showed quality standards of the drug, with respect to its macroscopy, microscopy, physico-chemical standards and HPTLC.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Leaf of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. F.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
Patel B R ◽  
Kavita Kumari ◽  
Shreedevi A ◽  
Shukla V J ◽  
Harisha C R
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prismatic Crystal ◽  
Uv Rays

Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn.f. is a large bush or small tree belonging to the family Verbenaceae. The present study deals with the pharmacognostical and phytochemical study of leaf including chromatographic evaluation. Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn.f. leaf is rhomboid ovate, acute at apex crenate-dentate at margin, sub-cordate at base and  velvety in texture. Leaf of the plant can be identified microscopically by the presence of hooked trichomes, glandular sessile trichomes,  starch grains, oil globules, Anomocytic type of stomata and rhomboidal and prismatic crystal. Preliminary analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, steroid, alkaloids, tannin and phenol. HPTLC study of alkaloid showed the presence of two spots in short and three spots in long UV rays. The information generated by this study provides relevant Pharmacognostical and Physico-chemical data needed for proper identification and authentication of leaf of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn.f.  

scholarly journals Phyto-Pharmacognostical Standardization with HPTLC Fingerprinting of Root of Citraka (Plumbago Zeylanica L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Akhilraj A.R ◽  
Rukmini S ◽  
Amalraj A.R
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Family ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Analytical Standards

Background: Citraka or Sveta Citraka (Plumbago zeylanica L.) is an important medicinal plant mentioned in Ayurvedic classics, belongs to the family Plumbaginaceae. The root of the plant exhibits medicinal properties. It has a broad range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, wound healing and cytotoxic. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate phyto-pharmacognostical standardization with HPTLC fingerprinting of root of P. zeylanica, one of the most accepted and beneficial medicinal plant in Ayurveda. Materials and Methods: P. zeylanica was collected from Konni, Kerala, India during the month of May 2018 and its root was studied for macroscopic, microscopic, physico-chemical, preliminary phytochemical screening and HPTLC fingerprinting following the standard protocol recommended by The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants. Results: The root is long, stout, cylindrical and reddish to dark brown in colour. The transverse section of root showed 5-7 rows of small cubical or rectangular celled cork with light yellow walls, polygonal or slightly tangentially elongated cortex cells containing starch grains and coloured contents, phloem containing small groups of fibres, radially arranged xylem vessels and narrow, 1-4 seriate medullary rays. Physico-chemical analysis showed water soluble extractive value as 26.11±0.01 w/w and alcohol soluble extractive value as 15.85±0.00 w/w. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of root decoction showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, saponins, resin and quinones. Conclusion: The information obtained from this research work may be useful to establish the botanical as well as analytical standards for the root of P. zeylanica.

scholarly journals GENETIC BARCODING AND BOTANICAL STUDIES ON POTHOS SCANDENS L. LEAVES-AN EXTRA-PHARMACOPOEIAL DRUG OF AYURVEDA

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
NIRAL SOJEETRA ◽  
RABINARAYAN ACHARYA ◽  
HARISHA C. R. ◽  
SHARAD SRIVASTAVA ◽  
ANKITA MISRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genetic Barcoding ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Key Characters

Objective: This study was undertaken to carry out genetic barcoding, pharmacognostical and phytochemical studies on leaves of Pothos scandens L. belonging to the family Araceae. Methods: P. scandens, was collected from Cochin, Kerala, during the month of August 2019. Its leaves were examined for pharmacognostical characters and physicochemical, qualitative analysis and HPTLC studies was carried out following standard protocols recommended by the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Genetic barcoding of the fresh tender leaves samples was carried out through following standard methods. Results: Leaves are simple, alternate, broadly winged petiole. Transverse section through winged petiole portion showed U-shaped, epidermal cell along with cluster crystals. Transverse section through midrib boat-shaped structure, mesophyll undifferentiated, consist parenchyma cell, epidermis with thick cuticle along with waxy coating. Leaves powder shows green in color and microscopy reveals the presence of prismatic crystals, raphides, fibres, acicular crystals and monocot type 1 stomata. The plant is identified as Pothos scandens based on sequence homology and phylogenic analysis. Qualitative results show the presence of carbohydrates, protein, alkaloids and tannins. HPTLC profile shows 7 spots at both short UV and long UV and ferulic acid and kaempferol were identified through quantitative HPTLC. Conclusion: Pothos scandens is a climber with simple, alternate leaves. Acicular crystals and raphides, mucilaginous cavities, undifferentiated mesophyll are key characters of the identification of its leaf. DNA Barcoding results helps in correct identification of Pothos scandens. The results obtained from the phytochemical study will be helpful in the determination of the strength of purity and also for further standardization of the plant.

Phytochemical Study and Screening of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Typhonium Flagelliforme

2021 ◽  
pp. 2686-2690
Author(s):  
Nitin A. Mirgane ◽  
Arun Chandore ◽  
Vitthal Shivankar ◽  
Yashwant Gaikwad ◽  
Gurumeet C. Wadhawa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Typhonium flagelliforme from the family Araceae is very rare plant. It is very good curative and work against various illness and infections. The plant part has large importance in Ayurveda. In this study we use stem and leaves used for phytochemical analysis and their biological properties such as Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activity. Known Protocol for the phytochemical analysis, while antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity was determined using known methods. Both the leaves and stem extract show presence of various important active constituent and shows better activity against the free radicals or antioxidant activity or they can show the anti-inflammatory activity.

Physico-chemical and phytochemical evaluation of Aloe acutissima leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (06) ◽  
pp. 4633
Author(s):  
Abdul Nasar S.* ◽  
Narasegowda P. N.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Family ◽  
Leaf Powder

Aloe acutissima is a fast growing shrub belonging to the family Xanthorrhoeaceae. This plant is a point of concern as it has profound importance in the field of pharmacology. The secondary metabolites obtained from this plant viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, quinines, glycosides, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, proteins, oils and free fatty acids serves as a medicinal tool to mankind. The study comprises of physico-chemical and phytochemical evaluation of leaves of Aloe acutissima by using standard methods. Physico-chemical parameters such as percentage of loss on drying (LOD), ash values, extractive values were determined. Phytochemical evaluation was carried out to detect the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, quinines, glycosides, terpenoids, phenols, couramins, acids, proteins, oils and free fatty acids in different extracts of Aloe acutissima leaf powder. Estimation of Phenols, Tannin, flavonoids, Alkaloids, steroids and ascorbic acid content of Aloe acutissima leaves were also carried out. Thus the present study revealing the physico-chemical data and phytochemical analysis of leaves of Aloe acutissima is useful for further studies of pharmacological parameters which is helpful for the future at large. 

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON LEAF OF COMBRETUM INDICUM (L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Jyothi Jose ◽  
Subrahmanya P ◽  
Ravi Rao S
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Endodermal Layer

Combretum indicum (L.) is an extra-pharmacopeial drug with an abundance of medicinal properties. Throughout the world, different Parts of Combretum indicum (L.) is used in curing many ailments by folklore healers. In India, the drug Combretum indicum (L.) is commonly known by the name MadhuMalathi and used by the folklore healers of different areas. Especially the use of Combretum indicum (L.) is seen among the folklore Practitioners of Dakshina Kannada District in curing ailments including paediatric conditions. Thus, it is very important to explore the identity of this drug by the proper Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical analysis. Hence, the present study was aimed at Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical study on Leaf of Combretum indicum (L.). The transverse section of the midrib of the leaf shows the presence of the endodermal layer; which is single-layered, surrounds by a vascular bundle and packed with starch grains. Endodermis covers the vascular bundle and contains several starch grains. The powder microscopy shows the presence of glandular trichome, calcium oxalate crystals etc. The percentage of extractive value was maximum in methanol which was 7.18%, Preliminary phytochemical study showed the presence of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Tannins, Steroids, Alkaloids, Triterpenoids, Starch, Resin and Phenols. The total ash attained was 7.84% and the water-soluble ash was 3.4%.

scholarly journals Comparative Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Study of Cassia auriculata and Cassia fistula

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Shailesh M. Kewatkar ◽  
Vivek V. Paithankar ◽  
Supriya S. Deshpande ◽  
Shirish P. Jain ◽  
Dheeraj H. Nagore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Cassia Auriculata ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Layer Chromatography

<em>Cassia auriculata</em> L. (CAL) popularly identified as Tanner’s Cassia and <em>Cassia fistula</em> L. (CFL) is generally known as Golden Shower. Both plants belong to the Family, Fabaceae. These plants are used in skin disease, as hepatoprotective, as anticancer agent and as antioxidant agent. The intention of current article is to put forward the comparative pharmacognostical analysis of <em>Cassia auriculata</em> and <em>Cassia fistula</em> roots in terms of macroscopic evaluation, microscopic evaluation, physicochemical evaluation, extractive values and phytochemical analysis. Thin Layer Chromatography study was carried out for CAL and CFL and data pertaining to the above cited evaluations were recorded for both, CAL and CFL roots. The present study may help in differentiating among these species and these pharmacognostic parameters may serve as a tool for identification, authentication and standardization of CAL and CFL.

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF PERGULARIA DAEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
GITA MISHRA ◽  
HEMESHWER KUMAR CHANDRA ◽  
NISHA SAHU ◽  
SATENDRA KUMAR NIRALA ◽  
MONIKA BHADAURIA
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Pergularia daemia belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, known to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity. Aim of the present study was to evaluate qualitative and quantitative phytochemical and antioxidant properties of ethanolic extracts of leaf, stem and root parts of P. daemia . Preliminary phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant properties were evaluated by standard methods. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of P. daemia showed presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloid, phytosterol, carbohydrate, phenol, saponin, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids proteins and reducing sugars. Quantitative analysis showed polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonone, flavone and flavonol in P. daemia leaves, stem and root in considerable quantity. The in vitro antioxidant activity of P. daemia clearly demonstrated that leaf, stem and root parts have prominent antioxidant properties and was effective in scavenging free radicals.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL-ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE LEAVES STRUCTURE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FAMILY LAURACEAE

Fitoterapia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Posochova ◽  
◽  
O. P. Khvorost ◽  
Yu. A. Fedchenkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals Morphological and phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Tetrapterys multiglandulosa CAV.

2020 ◽  
pp. 959-964
Author(s):  
Gilberto Gonçalves Facco ◽  
Eloty Justina Schleder ◽  
Natalia Yoshioka de Vidis ◽  
Maristela Halverson ◽  
Rosemary Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Circular Section ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Columnar Cells

This study aimed to carry out morphoanatomical, histochemical and phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Tetrapterys multiglandulosa Cav. (Malpighiaceae), a native plant responsible for abortion and sudden death in beef cattle. Plant specimens underwent anatomical study, in which leaves and stems were dried and ground with aqueous and ethanol extracts subjected to histochemical and phytochemical analysis. Anatomical observation of vegetative organs detected the presence of simple columnar cells in the adaxial epidermis, palisade mesophyll, parenchyma with a layer of cells and paracitic type stomata. Stem cross-sections presented circular section, single layer (uniseriate) epidermis with thick cuticle and Malpighi’s trichomes, the phelogen was in differentiation. The cortex showed angular collenchyma, parenchyma with exogenous channels and druse shaped calcium oxalate crystals. Phytochemical tests of aqueous and ethanol extracts of leaves and stems indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and cardiotonic heterosides. Potentially phytotoxic secondary metabolites evidenced in the leaves and stems, including saponins and cardiotonic heterosides were correlated with clinical signs observed in intoxicated animals.

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