scholarly journals THE STUDY OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE (DIAZINON) TOXICITY TOWARD LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY AND MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) SERUM LEVELS ON RATS (Rattus norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Dyah Ayu Oktavianie Pratama ◽  
◽  
Zulfa Aulia ◽  
Aulanni'am Aulanni'am ◽  
Fajar Shodiq Permata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Liver Histopathology

Diazinon is an insecticide that has a higher toxicity than other insecticides. Normally, insecticides are detoxified by liver, but this process produced free radicals which causes cell damage. Free radicals also increase lipid peroxidation which directly increase malondialdehyde levels. This research was aimed to determine the influence of diazinon toxicity to the liver histopathology and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of rats (Rattus norvegicus). The rats were divided into 4 groups which consist of negative control group and three experimental groups which were given diazinon 20 mg/kgBW (P1), 40 mg/ kgBW (P2), and 60 mg/ kgBW (P3). The rats were given diazinon for 8 weeks orally. The parameters used in this research was liver histopathology with hematoxilin eosin stain and Malondialdehyde levels with Thiobarbituric test. Liver histopathology was analyzed in descriptive qualitative and the level of MDA was analyzed quantitatively using ANOVA and Tukey's exact test with α = 0.05. The result of this research showed the influence of organophosphate (diazinon) on liver histolopathology was shown by inflammatory cells infiltration in hepatic parenchyma, sinusoidal congestion, and cytoplasmic vacuolation of the hepatocytes. Statistical analysis proved that the diazinon was able to increase the level of MDA serum significantly (p<0,05) up to 71% in experimental group P1 (dose 20 mg/kgBW), which the increase level of MDA serum depend on dose of diazinon. This research concluded that diazinon is one of the organophosphate pesticide that toxic based on liver histopathology and MDA serum levels.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN KRIM EKSTRAK BATANG DAN DAUN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida L.H.B.K) DALAM PROSES PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-208
Author(s):  
Nur Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbaceous Plant

Background: Peperomia pellucida L'HBK or known as messengers in the Indonesian plant is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Piperaceae. This study aimed to determine the effect of the stem and leaf extract cream messengers to the healing process of burns in rats (Rattus norvegicus. Methods: This was an experimental study using a completely randomized design. Test animals were divided into three groups, each - each group consisted of 3 rats. The first group is the negative control group (distilled water), the second group is a positive control group (Bioplacenton®), the third group is the group treated stem and leaf extract cream errand. The diameter of the wound and fibroblasts observed histopathology and is used as an indicator of the healing process of burns. The burns were treated and observed the healing effect for 20 days. Data were analyzed statistically wound diameter using ANOVA followed by LSD test. Results: The results showed the cream extracts of stems and leaves telling effect on the healing process of burns on rats. Conclusion: The results also showed that the treatment group and the leaf stem extract cream messengers and control groups positively influence the healing process of burns significantly when compared to the negative control group. Meanwhile, the treatment group stem and leaf extract cream messengers have no preformance difference influence the healing process of burns a significant positive control group

scholarly journals The Effect of Tempeh Gembus Variations to Serum Levels of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and Serum Levels of Fibrinogen of Sprague Dawley Rats with Aterogenic Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partika Kharunia Dewi ◽  
Diana Nur Afifah ◽  
Ninik Rustanti ◽  
Mohammad Sulchan ◽  
Gemala Anjani
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and aims: Cardiovascular diseases are widespread and causes many deaths in the world. The concentration of acute phase protein: C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen will rise dramatically when inflammation happens, which that can be used as an early marker of cardiovascular disease risk. Tempeh gembus contains fiber, unsaturated fatty acids and isoflavones are believed to reduce the inflammatory reaction. The aim of the study was to determinate the effect of tempeh gembus variations to levels of hcCRP and levels of fibrinogen of Sprague Dawley rats with atherogenic diet. Material and methods: This study was quasi-experimental with posttest only randomized control group design using 35 Sprague Dawley mice. The rats were randomized into 5 groups: negative control group given the standard diet, the positive control group given standard diet and atherogenic diet, and three treatment groups were given the standard diet, atherogenic diet and variation of tempeh gembus (tempeh gembus, heated tempeh gembus and tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme) for 28 days. Serum levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen examined using ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay). Results and conclusions: The administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme is the most effective treatment for hsCRP serum level indicated a significant difference (p=0.028) between the negative control group, positive control group and first group with the third group. Fibrinogen serum levels showed significant differences in all treatment groups (p =0.042), administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme is the most effective treatment is shown by a significant difference between the negative control group and the positive control group with third group. The administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme for 28 days can reduce the serum levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen on rats significantly.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Boiled Comfrey Leaves (Symphytum Officinale L) on SGOT SGPT Serum in Male Wistar Strain Rats With Acute Hepatitis Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 756-767
Author(s):  
Rois Sahidin ◽  
Untung Sudharmono
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symphytum Officinale ◽  
Wistar Strain

Acute hepatitis is an acute disease caused by viruses, alcohol and drugs, which is characterized by an increase in SGOT SGPT serum. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of boiled comfrey leaves (Symphytum Officinale L) levels of SGOT and SGPT serum in male wistar strain rats with acute hepatitis models. The objects in this study were 30 male Wistar strain rats aged 2-3 months with a weight of 180-200 grams. The objects were randomly divided into 3 groups: the treatment group, positive control and negative control. The treatment group and positive control group were induced paracetamol 120 mg / day orally for 7 days. Boiled water of 2.8 grams of comfrey (symphytum officinale L) leaves was given as much as 2.7 cc orally for 7 days to the treatment group. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 24, one way ANOVA test was performed to compare serum levels of SGOT & SGPT. The results showed there were significant differences in serum levels of SGOT between the treatment group, positive control and negative control (p <0.05) and there were significant differences in SGPT results between the treatment group and positive control group (p <0.05) but there were no significant differences between the SGPT levels of the treatment group and the negative control group (p = 0.173). As Conclusion, boiled Comfrey leaf has an effect in decreasing serum SGOT & SGPT in male wistar strain rats with acute hepatitis model.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Trigona Honey in the Therapy and Prevention against Respiratory Infection in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2955-2962
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Khaled Al-kafaween ◽  
Abu Bakar Mohd Hilmi ◽  
Mohamed M. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Trigona honey (TH) is well known for its therapeutic characteristics. To date, the study of Trigona honey as a prophylactic or immune booster prior to the bacterial infection of the invivo model is not well covered. This study aims to investigate anti-inflammatory and immune activities in Wistar rats infected with respiratory infection following with Trigona honey. 25 Wistar rats were assigned to possitive groups, negative control group, positive control group was fed TH (5 g / kg body weight) orally, the untreated group was infected with Staphylococcus aureus to induce respiratory infection, the treated group has been infected with S. aureus followed by treatment with TH at a dose of 1.5 ×108 CFU / mL and the preventive group ingested TH one week before S. aureus infection. Blood was obtained for biochemical analysis. Lung tissues have been collected for molecular examination. The results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of ALT, AST, urea and creatinine in the preventive and treated groups, serum IgG increased significantly (P<0.05) in the preventive and treated groups, IFN-y increased in the preventive group while decreased in the treated group, and IL-8 increased in the treated group while decreased in the preventive group. The mRNA expression of AGP is up-regulated in the positive control, preventive and treated groups. The α2-MG, TNF-α , and mRNA expressions showed lower regulation after administration of TH in preventive and treated groups. The results show the ability of TH to counteract immune and inflammatory changes in serum levels and gene expressions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Antlion (Myrmeleon sp.) Extract Towards Histopathology Image of Pancreas in Diabetic Mice

Sains Medika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naufal Widyatmaka ◽  
Akhmad Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test

Introduction: Some studies indicated that antlions (Myrmeleon sp.) is traditionally used by many people in Indonesia as a diabetes treatmenter. However. reseach has not been done to find the effect of antlion extract in pancreas, an important organ in diabetes mellitus pathophysiology. Objective: To prove the effect of antlion extract towards histopathological feature of pancreas in diabetic mice.Methods: In the post test only control group design, 25 Swiss mice were divided into five groups. Normal group (Nor-G), Negative control group (Neg-G), and the other 3 groups were intraperitoneally injected with Streptozotocine 200 mg/kg to induce diabetic state. In Neg-G had no antlion treatment, whereas in At-14, At-28, and At-56 were treated with antlion extract at the dose of 14, 28, and 56 mg/kg BW respectively for 24 days. Pancreas then collected and prepared to be examined under microscope with 400x magnification. The score of pancreatic islet injury was determined by assessing structural damage and inflammatory cells infiltration. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were adopted as statistical analysis.Results: Mann-Whitney analysis indicated that the score of pancreatic islets injury in At-56 was significant lower compared to that of Neg-G, p<0.05. The score of pancreatic islets injury in At-56 also significant lower compared to that of At-14 and At-28, p<0.05. In contrary, when compared to that of Nor-G, the pancreatic islets injury in At-56 was not signicantly lower, p>0.05.Conclusion: Antlion extract treatment at the dose of 56 mg/kg BW was capable of reducing pancreatic islet injury in diabetic mice induced by streptozotocine.

INFLUENCE OF JAMU MADURA “EMPOT SUPER” ON THE VAGINAL EPITHELIUM THICKNESS OF WHITE MICE (Rattus norvegicus) – AN IN VIVO STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Anik Listiyana
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Vaginal Epithelium ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Epithelium Thickness

<p><em>The aim of this research is to determine the influence of jamu Madura “Empot Super” (JMES) on the vaginal epithelium thickness of Rattus norvegicus in vivo. This research is kind of “true experimental-post test only control group design”. The rats were given drinking JMES once daily PS (Per-Sonde) for a month, then the vagina was taken to be sample for HE colouring. The sample was observed by the binocular microscope (100 times magnification) to identify the changes in the thickness of their vaginal epithelium. Calculation of the vaginal epithelium thickness was counted on the 10 field of view chosen randomly by the blind method. The result show that the vaginal epithelium thickness increased with dose 0,17mg/BW, 0,34mg/BW, and 0,68mg/BW of JMES compared with negative control group. But, the vaginal epithelium thickness decrease at the dose 0,51mg/BW compared with negative control group.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong><strong>: </strong>Jamu Madura “Empot Super” (JMES), vaginal epithelium thickness, white mice (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>), In Vivo study</p>

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF APO-B SERUM LEVELS IN BALB/C MICE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGAINST TEMULAWAK EXTRACT (Curcuma xanthoriza Roxb)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Riyadatus Solihah ◽  
M. Shofwan Haris ◽  
Yogi Khoirul Abror
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Apo B

APO–B Serum levels is the most predictive value for the incidence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb contains curcumin, which can be used as an antioxidant, anti–inflammatory and antihypercholesterol. The mechanism of curcumin contained in ginger to reduce cholesterol is due to its function as a cholagoga or bile stimulant. This study aims to determine the effect of temulawak extract on the levels of APO–B Serum in hypercholesterolemia mice. This research were a true experimental study with a post–test only control group design carried out in February 2018. The extraction As much as 25 mice were divided into 5 groups where are group consisted of 5 mice. Positive control group (K+) were treated with high cholesterol feed and water, negative control group (K–) were given standard feed and water, treatment group 1 (P1) were given high cholesterol food and 25mg/kg BW of curcuma extract for 14 days, treatment group 2 (P2) were treated with foods high in cholesterol and 50mg/kg BW of curcuma extract for 14 days and treatment group 3 (P3) treated with high cholesterol and ginger extract 75mg/kg BW for 14 days. Examination of APO–B levels were measured using the spectrophotometric method. Data were analyzed using One–Way Anova. The results showed that the average of APO–B level at (K+) was 209.7 ± 1.02 mg / dL, at (K–) 115.3 ± 1.04 mg / dL, at (P1) 180.4 ± 1.07 mg / dL, at (P2) 147.6 ± 1.12 mg / dL, at (P3) 119.1 ± 1.10 mg / dL. Based on the results of statistical test it was found that there was a significant decrease in APO–B levels with p–value= 0.001 at alpha 0.05 (p <α).

scholarly journals Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Wistar

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
I Made Subhawa Harsa
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain

Wound refers to partly damage or loss of body tissue. One way that has been used by the people in helping the process of wound healing is the use of medicinal plants, such as gotu kola (Centella asiatica). Gotu kola (Centella asiatica)  is kind of plant that found almost in all territories of Indonesia which functions as a cell revitalizing substance which quickens wound healing those are burnt, skin ulcer and to prevent keloid. This study is aimed to know the effect of giving gotu kola leaf extract (Centella Asiatica) against to the healing of the wound incision on male white rats (Rattus Norvegicus) wistar strain. This study is a pure experimental research using the randomized post test only control group design with the subjects are 30 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain that were divided into 3 groups, namely K1, K2, and K3. The incision wound were made on the back of all white rat in each group with a length of ± 2 cm and a depth of ± 2 mm. The wound in the negative control group (K1) was not given any substance; in the positive control group (K2) was given povidone iodine 10%; and in the treatment group (K3) was given gotu kola leaf extract at a dose of 37,5 mg/150 grBB. The study was done for 10 days. Furthermore, wound observation and monitoring is held. Then the results were processed by using One Way ANOVA. The result study of wound incision healing on male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain shows that there is significant difference among the negative control group (K1), the positive control group (K2), and the treatment group (K3) on One Way ANOVA test which significant p-value are 0,027 (p < 0.05). The result of Post-Hoc LSD test also shows a significant differences among the K1 and K3 groups, and K2 and K3 groups which significant p-values are 0,011 and 0,038 (p < 0,05). From these results, it can be concluded that gotu kola leaf extract (Centella asiatica) effective on quickens wound healing of the wound incision on male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain.

scholarly journals Gambaran histopatologik lambung tikus wistar yang diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) setelah induksi aspirin

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelyne F. Sundalangi ◽  
Lily Loho ◽  
Carla F. Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Gastric Mucous

Abstract: Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory drug which can cause side effect such as damage of the gastric mucous. Soursop leaf is usually used for medical treatment because it contains flavonoid compound which has the antioxidant and anti-inflamatory activity and may protect gastric mucous from the side effects of aspirin. This study aimed to reveal the histopathological features of the gaster of wistar rats administered with soursop leaf extract after induced with aspirin. This was an experimental study using 20 Wistar rats. Rats were divided into negative control group (A) and treatment groups. Treatment groups were divided into; rats induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days (B); rats administered with soursop leaf extract 80mg before induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days (C); rats induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days and administered with soursop leaf extract 80mg for the next 3 days (D); and rats induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days and not treated for the next 3 days (E). Groups A, B and C were terminated on 11th day, meanwhile groups D and E were terminated on 14th day. The results showed normal histological features in group A. Group B showed acute gastritic features such as many PMN inflammatory cells in the mucous to serous layers, submucous edema, and capillary dilatation. Groups C and D showed many PMN inflammatory cells in the mucous to submucous layers. Group E showed decreased PMN inflammatory cells in mucous to submucous layers. Conclusion: Administration of soursop leaf extract could not decrease the acute gastritic signs such as inflammatory cells, edema and capillary dilatation in the gaster of Wistar rats induced with aspirin.Keywords: aspirin, soursop leaves, gaster. Abstrak: Aspirin merupakan obat anti inflamasi yang bisa menyebabkan efek samping gangguan mukosa lambung. Daun sirsak sering digunakan sebagai obat tradisional yang berkhasiat karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan dan antiinflamasi yang mungkin dapat melindungi lambung dari efek samping aspirin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologik lambung tikus Wistar yang diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak setelah induksi aspirin. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental yang menggunakan 20 ekor tikus Wistar. Hewan uji dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol negatif (A) dan kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan dibagi atas kelompok tikus yang diberi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari (B); tikus yang diberi ekstrak daun sirsak 80mg sebelum induksi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari (C), tikus yang diberi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari dan diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak 80mg selama 3 hari berikutnya (D); dan tikus yang diberi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari dan tidak diberi perlakuan selama 3 hari berikutnya (E). Kelompok A, B dan C diterminasi pada hari ke-11, kelompok D dan E diterminasi pada hari ke-14. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran histologik lambung normal pada kelompok A. Kelompok B menunjukkan gambaran histopatologik gastritis akut yakni baanyak sel-sel radang PMN pada lapisan mukosa sampai serosa, edema submukosa, dan pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler. Kelompok C dan D menunjukkan banyak sel-sel radang PMN pada lapisan mukosa sampai submukosa. Kelompok perlakuan E menunjukkan sel-sel radang PMN yang lebih sedikit pada lapisan mukosa sampai submukosa. Simpulan: Pemberian ekstak daun sirsak tidak dapat mengurangi tanda-tanda gastritis akut berupa sel-sel radang, edema, dan pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler pada lambung tikus wistar yang diinduksi aspirin. Kata kunci: aspirin, daun sirsak, lambung

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF BOILED FIGS LEAF (FICUS CARICA L) TOWARDS UREUM AND CREATININ SERUM OF MALE WISTAR GALUR RATS On Acute Renal Failure Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 804-813
Author(s):  
Ralda Christina Ursula Pelealu ◽  
Untung Sudharmono
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group

Acute renal failure is a set of clinical symptoms characterized by increased levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and a rapids decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration. The Objectives of this study was to determine the effectiveness of brewed tin water (Ficus Carica L) against ureum and creatinine serum of male Wistar strain rats in acute renal Failur. The subject of the research were 30 male rats weighing 180-200 grams and 2-3 months old, which were divided into 3 groups, namely the negative control group, the positive control group and the treatment group. Each group consisted of 10 rats. The negative control group was only given food and drink as usual. The positive control group and the treatment group were induced with gentamicin 12 mg / intraperitonial for 7 days to increase ureum and creatinine serum levels. The treatment group was given steeping treatment of 0.65 grams of boiled figs leaf in 100cc of given 3.6cc/orally for 7 days. One way ANOVA test was conducted to analyze the study using SPSS version 24. The results found there are no significant differences in ureum serum levels between the treatment group and negative control group (p = 0.252) but there were significant differences in the ureum serum value between the treatment group and positive control group (p <0.05). There was a significant difference in the value of creatinine serum between the treatment group, the positive control group and the negative control group (p <0.05). As Conclusions boiled figs leaf (Ficus Carica L) has an effect on decreasing ureum and creatinine serum levels in male wistar rats with acute renal failure..

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